ZXG10-MSC/VLR

Agenda
1 SystemStructure
2 SystemInterfaces
3 ServiceFunctions
4 Networking
5 Configuration

Typical GSM Network

SMAP

SMP

SC

SCP

HLR/AUC

SCE

CAP
EIR
NO.7 Signaling

BSC

MSC/VLR
/SSP

Network

GMSC/SSP
PSTN/PLMN

BTS
BSC
TMSC
BTS

Long distance
network

 What is MSC?
MSC---Mobile Switching Center
What is VLR?
VLR---Visitor Location Register

ZXG10-MSC/VLR System Structure

OMM

Remote Client

Local Client

CSM

MSM

MPM

SNM

MPM

MPM

Mobile Peripheral Module(MPM)

As the basic independent module in ZXG10-MSC/VLR, it
performs the voice channel connection and signaling
processing between the subscribers inside this module,
and connect the signaling and voice channels between the
subscribers inside this MPM and other MPMs to the
central SNM (Switching Network Module). As well as it
provides the interface to BSC and other public networks
such as PSTN,ISDN.

Central Switching Module(CSM)

It consists of Message Switching Module(MSM) and
Switching Network Module(SNM), mainly performs the
message switching and voice channel switching between
respective modules.
Message Switching Module(MSM): Implements the
message switching between modules.
Switching Network Module(SNM): Performs the vioce
channel switching between respective modules in the multimodule system, and sends to MSM the communication
timeslots from multiple modules via the half-fixed
connection.

Operation&Maintenance Module(OMM)
It manages the system switching entities including the
following three parts: system analysis, system
maintenance and signaling maintenance.

CSM Hardware Structure

ZXG101632Mb/s

CPSN

MSM
MSM
2 Mb/s
HDLC

COMM

Built-in Fiber

(64K 64K )

1632Mb/s

2Mb/s
HDLC

512 Kb/s
COMM

512Kb/s

COMM

MP0

MPM
16K 16K

COMM

MP1

OMM
OMM

LAN

MPM
16K 16K

MPM Hardware Structure

DT
DT

Digital Trunk Unit

ECDT
ECDT

IWF
IWF
MFC
MFC

Signaling Unit

DTMF
DTMF

TONE
TONE

8Mb/s

8Mb/s

8Mb/s

DDSN

8Mb/s

Fiber Interface

16K*16K

8Mb/s

SNM

8Mb/s
8Mb/s
2Mb/s

V5.2
No.7
No.7

COMM
COMM

COMM
COMM

Control Unit

MP0

MP1

OMM Structure

MP

Foreground
Foreground

TCP/IP

Router

Background
Background

OMM
Client

OMM
Server

CDR
Server

DDN/X.25/E1

Remote
Client

ZXG10-MSC Software Structure

Signaling Processing Sub-system

Running Support Sub-system

Database Management

Mobile Subscriber
Processing Sub-system

Sub-system

Sub-system

Operation & Maintenance

Mobile Intelligent
Processing Sub-system

Running support sub-system

It provides platforms and unified operation interfaces for
the upper-level service development, so that the upper-level
applications neednt care about the specific architecture of
the lower-level hardware platform

Mobile subscriber sub-system

The mobile subscriber sub-system mainly implements the
basic switching function of the mobile subscribers, and the
mobility and security management. It also performs
handover, supplementary services and intelligent services,
and handles the signaling conversion between the public
network (e.g., PSTN) and the private network as well as the
interfacing with BSS.

Operation&Maintenance sub-system
It is divided into the foreground module, server module and
client terminal module. As the core of the whole O&M subsystem, the server module is responsible for the message
forwarding and data storage between respective net
elements and clients.

Mobile intelligent sub-system

It includes service switching function (SSF) module, special
resources function (SRF) module, and intelligent call
control function (CCF) module.
.

Signaling sub-system
It includes the ISDN User Part (ISUP), SS7 Message
Transfer Part (MTP), SS7 Connection Control Part
(SCCP), Transaction Capability Application Part (TCAP),
Telephone User Part (TUP), Channel Associate Signaling
(CAS), and bearer part, and also includes the connection
and release of channels, connection and release of various
sounds, the conversion between common channel signaling
and CAS, and the link management function.

Database management sub-system

As the data center of the ZXG10MSC/VLR, it runs on
respective switching modules. It provides the data support
and assistance for the service layer, signaling layer, system
restarting, and system testing and traffic statistics to
achieve the corresponding functions.

Charging Sub-system
Charging Center
Router

MSC

Ethernet:10M/100M

FTAM/FTP

Router

Client

Charging Server

Agenda
1 SystemStructure
2 SystemInterfaces
3 ServiceFunctions
4 Networking
5 Configuration

ZXG10-MSC/VLR System Network Structure

J

SCF

HLR
C

IW/GMSC

VLR

L
E

MSC
F

EIR

VLR
E

MSC
MSC

A Interface
A-interface is an interface between the MSC and the BSS.
The BSS-MSC interface has a standard protocol to
transmit the following messages:
BSS management messages
Call processing
Mobility management messages

B Interface
B interface is an interface between the VLR and related
MSC. When the MSC needs a subscribers data in this
MSC area, the MSC should query its VLR. When an MS
updates its location, the MSC requests the VLR to store
related information. If a subscriber activates a
supplementary service or modifies the data, the MSC
requests the HLR (via VLR) to store the data.
B interface is an internal interface.

C Interface
C Interface is an interface between the HLR and the
MSC When the fixed network fails to query a mobile
subscribers location to setup a call, the GMSC must
query the HLR for the roaming number of the called.
When the SMS GMSC forwards a short message, it
should query the HLR for the MSC number of the
called.

D Interface
D Interface is an interface between the HLR and the
VLR, which is used to exchange subscribers location
information and processing information.
This interface is a standard protocol interface.

E Interface
E interface is an interface between MSCs. When an
MS roams from one MSC to another during a call,
the MSC will make a handover so as to maintain the
communication uninterrupted. Thus, the MSCs must
exchange data. When short messages are transmitted
from the MS to the SC, this interface is used to
transfer messages between the subscriber MSC and
short message gateway MSC.
The interface is a standard protocol interface.

F Interface
F Interface is an interface between the MSC and
EIR It is used for data exchange between the MSC
and the EIR to authenticate the MS IMEI status.
This interface is a standard protocol interface.

G Interface
G interface is an interface between VLRs. When the
MS roams from one VLR to another, this interface
transfers the IMSI and authentication parameters
from the previous VLR to the new one.
This interface is a standard protocol interface.

J Interface
J Interface is an interface between the HLR and the
gsmSCF. This interface is used for the gsmSCF to
request the HLR for messages, or for the network or
subscriber to initiate the call-independent interaction
between the gsmSCF and MS.
This interface is a standard protocol interface.

L Interface
L Interface is an interface between the MSC and
the gsmSCF. When the MSC invokes
supplementary services of MPTY, ECT or CD, it
will send a notice to the gsmSCF.

Agenda
1 SystemStructure
2 SystemInterfaces
3 ServiceFunctions
4 Networking
5 Configuration

Service Categories
Mobility management service
Handover processing
Mobile call service
MAP signaling support for partial Operation & Maintenance
services
Mobile intelligent services
SMS (Short Message Service)
Supplementary services
Data services
Equal access
Pre-paging function
LA (Location Area) services and MissCall function

Parameters in Mobile Call Service

Mobile Station International ISDN Number (MSISDN)
The dialed number that callers use to reach a mobile subscriber.
International Mobile Subscriber Identity (IMSI)
The special number allocated to a mobile subscriber that identifies a
mobile subscriber in the wireless path and the whole GSM network.
Mobile Subscriber Roaming Number (MSRN)
The MSRN is a temporary number assigned by VLR when the mobile
subscriber leaves the HLR of host office to roam.
International Mobile Equipment Identity (IMEI)
Equipment ID that uniquely identifies a mobile station.
Location Area Identity LAI
LAI is used in the location update of mobile subscriber.

Mobile Call Service- Location Update Process

2

MS

BS
3

MSC-A
9

BS

HLR
7

VLR
10

MS

BS

MSC-B

BS

VLR

The Location Update Process

Location Update Process Description

1. MS moves from the location area covered by MSC-B to the location
area covered by MSC-A.
2. MS detects the broadcast information from BS and finds that the
received LAI is different from the LAI currently used.
3&4. The MS sends a location update request to MSC-A via BS.
5. MSC-A sends the location update message to HLR,this message
includes the MSC-A identify and MS identify(then the authentication
and encipher process can start,here we ignore them).
6. HLR returns the response message which includes all the relevant
subscriber data.
7&8. MSC-A registers the subscriber data in the VLR.
9. MSC-A sends the response message to MS via BS.
10.HLR sends the location canceling request MSC-B to delete the
subscriber data in previous VLR.

Mobile Call Service- Incoming Call Process

GMSC

IAM

MSC/VLR

BSC
Page

MS
Page
Channel_Rep

PSTN/ISDN

Page_Resp
SCCP_CC
Authenticate
Authenticate_resp
Start_Ciphering

IMM _Assign
Page_Resp

STEP A

STEP B

STEP C
Start_Ciphering
Ciphering_m ode_Cm p

STEP D

Ciphering_m ode_Cm p
Set_up
Call_Conf
Allocate_Channel

ACM
ANM

Allocate_Com p
Allerting
Connect
Connect_Ack

STEP E
Assignent_Cm d
Assignent_Com p

STEP F

STEP G

Incoming Call Process Description

1.The MSC/VLR receives the IAM and then sends paging message to the called party.
2.If there is radio channel between the network and the called party, the called party will directly return
a paging response. If there is no radio channel, the MS will send a channel request message to the BSC,
and return the paging response message after the BSC assigns the channel.
3.The MSC/VLR authenticates the MS.
4.If enciphering is required, the MSC/VLR requests the BSC to encipher the air channel for this
subscriber. The BSC sends an enciphering command to the mobile phone. After starting the enciphering
mode, the mobile phone sends an enciphering completion message to the BSC, and then the BSC sends an
acknowledgement message to the MSC/VLR.
5.The MSC/VLR sends a SETUP message to MS and then MS sends back a CALL-CNF (call
confirmation) message, indicating that MS is ready.
6.After receiving the CALL_CNF message from MS, the MSC/VLR will start setting up the speech
channel. It sends an assignment command to the MS, to assign an air channel and a terrestrial circuit,
and then connects the timeslots.
7.The MS rings back, and sends the Alerting message to the network side. The MSC/VLR notifies the
calling end: The called is in the ring-back status. The MS sends a CONNECT message to the network
side. After receiving this message, the MSC/VLR sends a response message to the caller and returns a
Connect_ACK message to the MS. The caller and the called party are in the conversation status.

Mobile Call Service-Outgoing Call Process

BSS

MS

MSC/VLR

ISUP

Channel_Req
Im m _Assign
CM_Serv_Req
CM_Serv_Req
Authenticate
Authenticate_Resp
Cipher_m ode_Cm d
Cipher_m ode_Com p

STEP A
CM_Serv_Req
SCCP_CC
STEP B

Authenticate
Authenticate_Resp

STEP C

Start_Ciphering
Cipher_m ode_Com p

STEP D

Setup
Call_Proceeding
Assignm ent_Cm d
Assignm ent_Com p
Alert
Connect
Connect_Ack

STEP E

Allocate_Channel
Allocation_Com p

IAM

STEP F

ACM
ANM
STEP G

Outgoing Call Process Description

1. An MS sends a channel request message to the BSC, requesting the BSC to assign the
dedicated control channel to the MS. The BSC assigns a channel to the MS.
2. The MS originates a service request message CM-SER-REQ to the MSC/VLR. The
MSC/VLR first sets up a SCCP connection and then sends a connection setup
acknowledgement message to the MS.
3. The MSC/VLR authenticates the subscriber and verifies the legality of the subscriber.
4. If enciphering is required, the MSC/VLR requests the BSC to encipher the air channel
for this subscriber. The BSC sends an enciphering command to the mobile phone. After
starting the enciphering mode, the mobile phone sends an enciphering completion
message to the BSC, and then the BSC sends an acknowledgement message to the
MSC/VLR.
5. After receiving the service request accepted message, the MS sends the MSC/VLR the
call SETUP message. If the call is permitted, the MSC/VLR will send the Call
Proceeding message to the MS via the BSC, indicating that the call request has been
accepted.
6. The terrestrial circuit is assigned to the calling mobile phone.
7. The called party rings, informing the caller. The called party answers and sends a
response message to the caller, thus entering the conversation status.

Mobile Intelligent Service-Mobile Pre-paid Service

This service is a typical service of payment first and service
later. When an MS subscribes to MPPS, the network
operator will allocate the subscriber a unique account
corresponding to its MSs number. All the call charges of
MPPS subscribers will be deducted from this account. Once
the account balance is insufficient or overdue, the network
will stop providing communication services for this
subscriber until this account is recharged.

Mobile Intelligent Service-Mobile Virtual Private Network

This service provides the subscribers with the network services
similar to the PBX function on the mobile network, and creates its
own trans-regional or even transnational VPN. Call charges of all
subscribers in MVPN are collected from the same group account. The
internal MVPN adopts the independent numbering plan, enabling
subscribers in the network to directly dial short numbers to one other.
This service provides the MVPN manager with the call authority
management and call charges control of the subscribers in the
network, and provides detailed call records and statistic data on a
regular basis.

Mobile Intelligent Service-Familiar Numbers Service

This service creates a table of frequently contacted familiar numbers
for the subscriber. When an FNS subscriber dials a familiar number
in the table or when a family member or friend in the number table
calls the FNS subscriber, the network will provide a preferential call
charging rate. The familiar numbers table is connected to the service
management center by the service subscriber for modification and
maintenance via telephone or Internet.

Mobile Intelligent Service-Mobile Advertising

This service provides the ad applicant (manufacturer) with an ad
access number and creates an ad customer account at the same time.
All mobile or fixed subscribers dialing this ad access number can go
on to dial other subscribers free of charge after listening to an ad of
the manufacturer. The specified call charge is deducted from the ad
customer account. To ensure the effect of the ad, a simple test for the
dialing subscriber can be done after the ad. Only when the subscriber
who has passed the test can go on to make another call free of charge.

Mobile Intelligent Service-Specialized Charging Service

This service is an example of using diversified charging functions of IN.
The SCS service provides the subscriber with specific charging package
options and conventional preferential polices, including the premium rate
based on the call time segment, premium rate based on the duration, and
premium rate based on the call origination zone, etc. The SCS subscriber can
enjoy preferences by subscribing to his or her favorite charging package.

Mobile Intelligent Service-Mobile Bank Service

This service provides e-business interfaces between the mobile IN and
the banking private network. It performs the account management via
the mobile phone, including password management, account query,
and account transfer.

Short Message Service

SMS falls into two parts: Point-to-point SMS and broadcast SMS.
Only the point-to-point SMS is involved in the mobile switching center.
Point-to-point SMS provides services for transmitting length-limited messages
between GSM PLMN mobile station and the short message entity (SME) through
service center (SC). The SC (Service Center) can store and forward messages,
constituting a short message processing entity that integrates storing, interacting
and trunk functions. While, the GSM PLMN functions to support the SM transfer
between SC and MS.
The point-to-point SMS defines two kinds of services: SM MO (Short Message
Mobile Originating) and SM MT (Short Message Mobile Terminating).

Supplementary Services-Number Identification Services

CLIP-Calling Line Identification Presentation
This service is the type originated by the called subscriber. A subscriber that has
reserved this service can receive the callers number when receiving the incoming
call.
CLIR-Calling Line Identification Restriction
This service is the caller line originating service, making it possible for the caller to
avoid the calling line identification representation on the called line.
COLP-Connected Line Identification Presentation
This service is the caller line originating service. When the mobile subscriber is the
caller, due to the reason that the called subscriber has activated the call forwarding
and other supplementary services, the connected subscriber who actually
communicates with the caller is no longer the one the caller has called, At this time,
the network provides the connected number to the mobile subscriber.
COLR-Connected Line Identification Restriction
This service refers to the fact that the network is prohibited to provide the caller
with the number of the connected subscriber when the connected subscriber
receives a forwarding call.

Supplementary Services-Forwarding Services

CFU-Call Forwarding Unconditional
CFU means that when this supplementary service of the mobile subscriber is activated, all
incoming calls to this subscriber will be unconditionally forwarded to the third subscriber
registered by this subscriber. The third party here might be a subscriber of the mobile
network, the public network, or the private network, or it might be an entity such as the
speech mailbox.
CFB-Call Forwarding Busy
With this service of a mobile subscriber activated, when the subscriber is busy, all
incoming calls to this mobile subscriber will be forwarded to the third subscriber
registered by this subscriber.
CFNRy-Call Forwarding No Reply
No reply means that the called mobile subscriber does not hook off after the MS rings for
a long time.
The incoming call of the mobile subscriber with the CFNRy service activated will be
forwarded to the third party if the subscriber does not reply.
CFNRc-Call Forwarding Not Reachable
CFNRc means that the incoming calls to a mobile subscriber are forwarded to a third
subscriber if this mobile subscriber is unreachable (in a blind area).

Supplementary Services-Call Completion Services

Both the CW and the HOLD services are collectively called the call completion
service, and they are usually used in a combined manner.
CW-Call Waiting
The CW service refers to the fact that when the incoming call can not secure a
channel, the called subscriber will be notified to wait. The called subscriber can
accept, reject or ignore this call. Each call can accept at most one waiting call.
HOLD
The HOLD service allows the subscriber to interrupt a call temporarily. If
necessary, another connection can be established. After this call is interrupted,
its transmission channel is still reserved. The network can only reserve one
transmission channel for each mobile subscriber.

Supplementary Services-MPTY
This service enables the subscriber to set up a call with multiple parities at
the same time.
The precondition for the multi-party conversation is that the subscriber has
an activated call and a held call, and both calls have been replied. In such a
case, the subscriber can request the network to start the MPTY service.
Once the MPTY services of both parities are activated, the external call can
be added, disconnected or separated (that is, the call is removed from the
MPTY, however, connection with the subscriber receiving the service is still
held).
In a multi-party conversation, there should be no more than 5 external calls.
When the MPTY service is invoked, all of the external calls will receive the
indication. When a new call joins in the MPTY, each of the external calls
will receive the indication.

Data Services
It can provide all data services, including the G3 fax, intelligent
telegraph, videotex, computer data. It provides all kinds of bearer
services as required in the GSM protocol, as well as the
interconnection function with such networks as the PSTN, ISDN,
CSPDN, PSPDN, DDN and Internet.
Data rates (0.3kb/s~9.6kb/s)

Agenda
1 SystemStructure
2 SystemInterfaces
3 ServiceFunctions
4 Networking
5 Configuration

ZXG10-MSC Small-capacity Networking

MPM

An MPM networking with the maximum of

256 E1 interfaces provided.
It can provide up to 64 No.7 links

ZXG10-MSC Large-capacity Networking

CSM

MPM 1~10

Meets the requirement of 80,000 trunk capacity

1 10 MPMs can be configured and they connect to the
CSM via fiber
Each MPM can provide up to 256 E1 interfaces
Each MPM can provide up to 64 No.7 links

Agenda
1 SystemStructure
2 SystemInterfaces
3 ServiceFunctions
4 Networking
5 Configuration

MPM(16K) Rack
MPM

Layer 6

BDT

Layer 5

BDT

Layer 4

BCTL

Layer 3

BNEN

Layer 2

BDT

Layer 1

BDT

MPM(16K) Mobile Peripheral Module

P
B
P
B
P
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D D
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MPM(16K) Boards Configuration

Unit Name
MPM Rack Unit

Unit No.
MSC Rack

Number
1

Remark

MSC-POWP
MSC-BCTL
MSC-SMEM
MSC-MP
MSC-MON
MSC-BNEN
MSC-DDSN
MSC-FBI
MSC-DSNI

1
1
1
2
1
1
2
Calculate
2

P Power
Back Control
Shared Memory
Module Processor
Monitor
Back Network
Digital Switching Network
Fiber Bus Interface 16 8M HW
Digital Switching Network interface(MP level)

MSC-DSNI

Calculate

Digital Switching Network interface(SP level)

Trunk Unit

MSC-BDT
MSC-DTI
MSC-ASIG

Calculate
Calculate
4

Back Digital Trunk

Digital Trunk Interface Each has 4 E1
Analog Signaling

Clock Unit
Comm Unit

MSC-SYCK
MSC-COMM
MSC-COMM
MSC-COMM
MSC-POWB
MSC-POWC

2
2
Calculate
Calculate
Calculate
2
1

Sync Clock
Inter-Module Comm MPMP
Intra-Module Comm MPPP
SS7 Comm Each provides 16 links
Secondary Power Supply
Network Layer Power Supply
Satisfy the interconnector of MPM RACK

Control Unit

Network unit

Power Unit
Cable Unit

CSM(64K) Rack

64K Central Switching

C C C C
Module PS CSM

M
M
O O O O
B
P
B
P
B

M
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C
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P
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S BBBB
IIII

CCCC
FFFF
BBBB
IIII

C
P
S
N

CCC
PKK
SCC
NDD

CCCC
FFFF
BBBB
IIII

CCCC
FFFF
BBBB
IIII

P
S

CSM(64K) Boards Configuration

Unit Name
CSM Rack Unit
Control Unit

Network Unit

Clock Unit

Communication Unit
Power Unit
Cable Unit

Unit No.
MSC Rack
MSC-POWP

Number
1
1

Remark

MSC-BCTL
MSC-SMEM
MSC-MP
MSC-MON

2
2
4
1

Back Control
Shared Memory
Module Processor
Monitor

MSC-PEPD
MSC-BCN
MSC-CPSN

1
1
2

Peripheral Environment Detection

Back Central Network
Digital Switching Network 64K64K

MSC-CKCD

Clock and Comm Driver

MSC-CFBI
MSC-BNET
MSC-SYCK
MSC-CKI

calculate
1
2
1

Fiber Bus Interface(64 8M HW)

Back Network
Sync Clock
Bits Clock Interface

MSC-COMM
MSC-COMM
MSC-POWB
MSC-POWS

calculate
2
6
2

Inter-module Comm MPMP

Intra-module Comm MPPP
Secondary Power Supply
Switching Power Supply

Satisfy the interconnector of CSM RACK

P Power

Thanks!