Japanese art

music ancient
traditions

There are two

ancient
foundations for
Japanese art
music,
Buddhist chant (
shomyo) and
court orchestra m
usic (
gagaku).
Buddhist chant,
was regulated by

Thus, the
nomenclature and tone
system of Buddhist bear
the same relation to
Japanese art traditions
as the Catholic
Gregorian chant
theories do the growth
of Western musical
style.

Basic Categories Of Gaga

First, togaku
consisted of piece of
Chinese and Indian
origin: while komagaku
included Manchurian,
Korean, and many of
the Japanese pieces.

Hichiriki
The basic
gagaku melodic
instrument is a
short doubledreed
aerophone.

The hichiriki is a
double reed Japanese
fue (flute) used as one
of two main melodic
instruments in
Japanese gagaku
music, the other being
the ryteki. The
hichiriki is difficult to
play, due in part to its
double reed
The hichiriki is the
configuration.
most widely used of all
Although a double
instruments in gagaku
and it is used in all forms reed instrument like
of music aside from
the oboe,
the hichiriki
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/

Sho mouth organ

The melodic
instrument play
heterophonically
in a harmonic
matrix provided
by the seventeenpiped mouth
organ, drive from
the Chinese

It is one of the oldest

Chinese instruments,
with images depicting
its kind dating back to
1100 BCE,
Traditionally, the
sheng has been used
as an accompaniment
instrument for solo
suona or dizi
performances. It is
g with 17 pipes, height is 55cm (22 inches)
one of the main
The sheng is a Chinese instruments in kunqu
mouth-blown
and some other forms
free reed instrument
of Chinese
opera.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wik

Gaku-daiko
A large
hanging barrel
drum with
tacked heads,
played on one
side, with two

Gaku Daiko (meaning

"music drum") is the
type of wadaiko used
for gagaku
performances, and
most closely
resembles the
orignally imported
drums. Other
instruments used for
gagaku include kakko
Wadaiko is said to
(small drum) and
have originated in
China, from whence it shoko (metal
percussion). Gaku
was imported
Daiko used for
alongside gagaku http://www.taikomasa.co.jp/english/product

Shoko
A small hanging gong
provided a colotomic
structure by marking
off the music into
groups of two and four
measures while the
leader controls the
tempo by playing one
of two drums.

The shko is a small

bronze gong, struck
with two horn
beaters, used in
Japanese gagaku. It
is suspended in a
vertical frame and
comes in three
sizes. In Buddhism
and Japanese folk
music the
instrument is called
kane/sh
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S

Kakko
A small barrel
drums with two
laced heads
that are stuck
by thin sticks.

The kakko is derived

from the Chinese jiegu, a
drum popular in China
during the Tang Dynasty,

The kakko is a
Japanese doubleheaded drum. One way
in which the kakko
differs from the regular
taiko drum is in the
way in which it is made
taut. Kakko drums are
usually laid on their
sides on stands so that
it can be played with
sticks called bachi on
both heads.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kakk

San no,
Tsuzumi
A large hourglassshaped drum.

The tsuzumi is a
Japanese drum of

It consists of a
wooden body
shaped like an
hourglass, and it is
taut, with two drum
heads with cords
that can be
squeezed or
released to increase
or decrease the
tension of the heads
respectively. This
mechanism allows
the player to raise or
lower
the pitch of
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsuzum

Koto
(thirteen-stringed
zither)

The koto is a traditional

Japanese stringed
musical instrument,
similar to the Chinese
zheng, the Mongolian
yatga, the Korean
gayageum and the
Vietnamese n tranh.
They have 13 strings
that are strung over 13
movable bridges along
the width of the
instrument, and there
The koto is the
national instrument is also 17-string koto as
a variant of the koto.
of Japan.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koto_%28instrument%

Biwa
Short-necked,
pear-shaped lute
with four strings.
Five raised wooden f
rets
. Two crescentshaped soundholes
above
decorative strip of
brocade

Front, Back, and Sides

Shinto music
(Ragura)

Shinto music is the

ceremonial and festive
music of Shinto the native
religion of Japan. Its
origin myth is the erotic
dance of Ame-no-Uzume-noMikoto which lured
Amaterasu from her cave.

Shinto music
(Ragura)
Kagura or 'entertainment of
the gods' includes music,
dance and poetry and
comprises mi-kagura of the
court, o-kagura of major
shrines such as Ise Jing,
and village sato-kagura.

Wagon
Also called yamatogoto,musical
instrument, Japanese sixstringed board zither
with movable bridges.
The wooden body of the
wagon is about 190 cm
(75 inches) in length.

The musician plays

the wagon while
seated behind the
instrument, which
rests on the floor.
The strings may be
strummed with a
plectrum (which is
held in the right
hand), the fingers of
the left hand, or a
combination of the
two techniques.

The wagon is closely

associated with gagaku
(court music),
Shint, and
http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/633993/w

Kayakeum (Gayageum)
The gayageum or
kayagum is a traditional
Korean zither-like
string instrument, with
12 strings, though some
more recent variants
have 21 or other
numbers of strings.

a history of the
Three Kingdoms of Kore
a
, the gayageum was
developed around the
6th century in the
Gaya confederacy by

The original name

was gayago and
later gayageum. The
gayageum was then
further improved by
Wu Ruk during the
reign of Jinheung in
the Shilla Dynasty.
The ancient
gayageum of King
Gashil was called by
several names,
including beopgeum
(law-zither),
pungnyu (elegance),

Thank
You!
Prepared by:

Marcial C. Emia Jr.