Microcontroller And Embedded System

Karan Prinja
(EC07023)

V-Semester
About Netmax

 Netmax Technologies is an
organization which is
established in the field of
Network Support, Network
training and Embedded
systems. It provides
support and training in the
field of networking solutions
(CISCO, LINUX) and
embedded systems (Micro
controller based design,
Electronics system design).
  
 In Education, it has strategic
alliance with REDHAT Inc. It
is also NOVELL EDUCATION
PARTNER with which it
provides NOVELL and SUSE
LINUX courses. Netmax
technologies also conduct
courses in CADENCE based
design tools.
Embedded System
•
 Embedded system employs In e m b e d d e d syste m s, th e
a combination of so ftw a re is p e rm a n e n tly se t in to
software & hardware to a re a d - o n ly m e m o ry su ch a s a
perform a specific
function. It is a part of a R O M o r fla sh m e m o ry ch ip , in
larger system which may co n tra st to a g e n e ra l-p u rp o se
not be a “computer co m p u te r th a t lo a d s its
"Works in a reactive & p ro g ra m s in to R A M e a ch tim e .
time constrained
environment. S o m e tim e s, sin g le b o a rd a n d
 Any electronic system that ra ck m o u n te d g e n e ra l-p u rp o se
uses a CPU chip, but that co m p u te rs a re ca lle d
is not a general-purpose " embedded computers "
workstation, desktop or
laptop computer is
known as embedded
system. Such systems
generally use
microprocessors;
microcontroller or they
may use custom-
Microprocessor And
Microcontroller
 Microprocessor  Microcontroller

 They do not have  They have their own

their own RAM,ROM
RAM,ROM  They are the self
 They are simple contained circuit
chips boards
 External  External
components can components can
be added to them be added to it
  These include the
 Examples are INTEL INTEL MCS-51
X86 Family family
P C B D E S IG N
METHOD OF PCB DESIGN
 CAD SYSTEM OF PCB
DESIGNING

Requirements

•A computer system

•PCB design software like OrCad, CADSTAR, Protel, TANGO,

Mentor etc.

•A photo plotter for art work generation

System Of Designing In CAD
BASIC DESIGN STEPS IN


CAD- SYSTEM
Captur Gerbe Gerber
e r tools and 
plotter
Layout drawing  The following design
steps are very
common while
Librar designing a PCD in
ies Gerbe CAD: 
r and
drill  Entry the schematic
files diagram.
 Net list file creation.
Footpr
int  Placement of
librari components manually
es
or automatically.
 Routing of the board
using manual routing
tools or auto router
Schematic Diagram

Fe a tu re s O f T h e
S ch e m a tic
D ia g ra m

1 . E le ctrica l
co n n e ctio n s( n e ts)
In te g ra te d circu its
sym b o ls

2 . D iscre te
co m p o n e n ts
sym b o ls like
re sisto rs,
ca p a cito rs e tc .
Layout
•Layout plus includes design rules in order
to guide logical placement and routing. That
means, load the net list into layout to create
the board. At the same time you have to
specify the board parameters.
•
•Use the components tool in order to place
•
manually the components which are fixed
by the system designer on the board or
otherwise use auto-placement.
Design Rule Checking
 In manual designs every
thing was checked as a
possible source of error.
Components sizes, hole
sizes, conductor widths
and clearance, land-to-
hole-ratio, board areas to
be free of components,
clearance to the edges,
positional accuracy and
of course electrical
interconnections had tad
to be personally
reviewed with a great
deal of care. After
completing the design of
printed circuit board with
the help of an EDA-Tool,
a designer has again to
verify the PCB in order to
find out errors.
Post-Processing
 Post processing can
be done once the
design is
completed in all
aspects. The
common way is
still a process to
generate GERBER
data and NCD files
which can be used
for photo plotting
and for steps of
CNC
manufacturing
 8051-The Microcontroller

 
Fe a tu re
Q u a n tity
RO M 4K
B yte s

RAM 128
B yte s

Tim e r 2

I/ O p in s 32
Programming 8051
 



Interfacing With 8051
LED INTERFACING
 LED is a Light VCC
Q14 BC547A

R62
D29

Emitting Diode 8 MHz

VCC

U10
VCC C48
104
VCC 330E LED
Q15

R61 D28
BC547A

31
40
It uses very less
33pFC45 39

VCC
Y8 P0.0/AD0

EA/VPP

38
P0.1/AD1 37 VCC 330E LED
4 P0.2/AD2 36

12
P0.3/AD3 Q16
19 35
3 18 XTAL1 P0.4/AD4 34
33pF C46 XTAL2 P0.5/AD5 33 R41
P0.6/AD6 D27
9 32 BC547A

voltage
RST P0.7/AD7
12
13 P3.2/INT0 21
14 P3.3/INT1 P2.0/A8 22 330E LED
15 P3.4/T0 P2.1/A9 23 VCC
P3.5/T1 P2.2/A10 24
P2.3/A11 Q17
25
P2.4/A12 26 R40
P2.5/A13 27
P2.6/A14 D26
VCC 28 BC547A

Can be used as
P2.7/A15
VCC

 C47
10uF/16V

R7
1
2 P1.0/T2 P3.6/WR 29
3 P1.1/T2-EX PSEN 30
17
P3.7/RD 16 330E LED

10K 4 P1.2 ALE/PROG 11 Q18

5 P1.3 P3.1/TXD 10
BC547A D25

ON/OFF indicator
6 P1.4/SS P3.0/RXD
7 P1.5/MOSI R63
8 P1.6/MISO

GND
P1.7/SCK
VCC 330E LED
AT89S8252

20
Q19

in various
BC547A D24
R39

VCC 330E LED

devices
Q20
BC547A D23
R38

330E LED
VCC

Q21
BC547A D22
R37

Hardware interfacing of LED with AT89s8252

330E LED

Title
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Size Document Number Rev

Custom
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Date: Tuesday, December 26, 2006 Sheet 1 of 1

LCD INTERFACING
  
 On most displays, the pins are
numbered on the LCD’s
printed circuit board, but if
not, it is quit easy to locate
pin1. Since the pin is
connected to ground, it
often has a thicker PCB
track connected to it, and it
is generally connected to
the metal work at some
point.
 Although the LCD module
data sheets specify 5V
D.C. supply (at only a
few milliamps), supplies
of 6V & 4.5V both work
well, and even 3V is
sufficient for some
modules. Consequently,
these modules can be
effectively and
LCD INTERFACING SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM
ADC INTERFACING

 The ADC0804 family is CMOS 8-Bit,

successive-approximation A/D converters
which use a modified potentiometer
ladder and are designed to operate with
the 8080A control bus via three-state
outputs . These converters appear to the
processor as memory locations or I/O
ports, and hence no interfacing logic is
required. The differential analog voltage
input has good common mode- rejection
and permits offsetting the analog zero-
input voltage value. In addition, the
voltage reference input can be adjusted
to allow encoding any smaller analog
voltage span to the full 8 bits of
resolution.

ADC INTERFACIN SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM
RAIN - SENSOR
SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM OF THE
PROJECT
This is


schematic
diagram of
the project
which is
craeted
using the
EDA tool
ORCAD
LAYOUT OF THE PROJECT

This is the
layout
created by
the layout
plus
COMPONENT USED