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What is Work?
NO

A teacher applies a force to the wall and

becomes exhausted

YES

A book falls of the table and falls to the

ground

NO

A waiter carries a tray full of meals by

one arm straight across the room at
constant speed

YES

A rocket accelerates through space

http://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/energy/Lesson-1/Definition-and-Mathematics-of-Work

Equation

http://cphysics.wikia.com/wiki/Work,_energy_and_power

SI Units
Force

Newton (N)

Displacement

Meter (m)

Work

Joule = Nm

Look it up: What are the other units of work?

Example: No work
Force = 10 N
Displacement = 10
m
= 90 degrees

http://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/energy/Lesson-1/Definition-and-Mathematics-of-Work

To Do Work, Forces Must

Cause Displacements

Example: Force at an
angle
A force of 50 N acts on the block at the angle shown in the
diagram. The block moves a horizontal distance of 3.0 m. How
much work is done by the applied force?

W = F * d * cos
W = (50 N) * (3 m) * cos (30 degrees)
W = 129.9 Joules

Example: Work due to

gravity
An approximately 2-kg object is pulled upward at constant
speed by a 19.6 N force for a vertical displacement of 5 m
d

Ftens

F = mg = (2 kg) * (9.8 m/s2)= 19.6 N

Wtens = (19.6 N) * (5 m) * cos (0 deg) =
+98 J
Fgrav

Wgrav = (20 N) * (5 m) * cos (180 deg) =

-98 J

Negative work
force is directly opposite the displacement
vector, theta is 180 degrees. The cosine(180
degrees) is -1
The force doesn't cause the displacement but
rather hinders it.

Exercise

Answers:
Diagram A Answer:
W = (100 N) * (5 m)* cos(0 degrees) = 500 J
Diagram B Answer:
W = (100 N) * (5 m) * cos(30 degrees) = 433 J
Diagram C Answer:
W = (147 N) * (5 m) * cos(0 degrees) = 735 J
The displacement is given in the problem statement. The applied force
must be 147 N since the 15-kg mass (Fgrav=147 N) is lifted at
constant speed. Since F and d are in the same direction, the angle is 0
degrees.

Checkpoint
A force acts on a box while the box slides
rightward at a distance d. The forces are
identical but different directions. Arrange based
on the work done from most positive to negative

Checkpoint

Group Assignment
What are the different forms of energy?
In the form of a poster or slides (1-3 slides) show
examples of the different forms of energy using
picture
Due next week: Each group will have 5 mins to
present your work
15 minutes at the end of todays class to form
groups and discuss the assignment