Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Spread Sheet
And more
Preparing Budgets
Developing Business plans
Perform standard accounting functions
Maintain input data such as employees of a
company, customers of an organization, students
details of an institution etc.
And much more.
Workbook
Excel file is referred to as workbook
Excel file is saved with an .xlsx in 2007
Worksheet
The formula bar is where you enter and edit data and
formulas.
Scroll bar
Status bar
Tool bar
Cell refernce
Text
To enter text in a cell takes the following steps
1. Click the cell where you want to enter text.
2. Type the text and press enter, Tab or Arrow key
Text in a cell includes any combination of letters, numbers, and key board
symbols. Excel contain up to 32000 Characters.
If the neighboring cells are occupied, the display is truncated.
For example, if you enter a list of employees, names, Positions, and work
histories Excel will treat them as Text
Some times you may need to persuade excel to treat a number as Text, for
example, you may need a telephone number. You can do this by entering
the Label Prefix for Text- an apostrophe () in front of the number.
For examble-00941582963
Numbers:
Numbers are values that can be calculated.
They can consist of the numbers 0 through
9 with a decimal point as a separator for
decimal places with comma separator for
thousands,
You can enter the logical values True and False into cell. Logical values are
often used in writing conditional formulas. Also, there are many formulas that
can return logical values. Formulas are mathematical formulas telling Excel to
perform calculation on data in cell.
Date Or Time
When entering date us slash or hyphen to
separate the parts of that date. For example
9/2/2003 or 9-feb-2003. to enter a time based on
the 12 hour clock , type a space and then A or P
after the time for example : 9.00 P . Other wise
Excel enters the time as AM.
To enter todays date , press CTRL+ ; (semicolon)
To enter current time , press CTRL+SHIFT+:
(colon)
Maximum
Minimum:
Median: Retained
Mod:
Syntax: =Sum(num1,num2,----)
Syntax: num1,num2,-----)
ABS:Return the absolute value of a number. The absolute value of a number is the number
without its sign
Syntax: =ABS(Number)
Eg: =ABS(10) =>10
Eg: =ABS(-10) =>10
Product: Multiplies all the numbers given as argument and return the product
Syntax: =Product(num1,num2,----)
Eg: A2:A4 contain 5,15, and 30 respectively
Eg: =Product(A2:A4) =>2250
Syntax: =Proper(Text)
Syntax: =Upper(text)
Syntax: =Lower(Text)
Eg: =Left(University,2)
=>Un
Right: Retained the right most character from text value
Count if: Count the number of nonblank cells with in rang that meet the given right criteria
Syntax: =Count if(range, Criteria)
Eg: =Count if(A8;A12,>25
Now()
FORECAST
Calculates, or predicts, a future value by using existing values. The predicted value is
a y-value for a given x-value. The known values are existing x-values and y-values,
and the new value is predicted by using linear regression. You can use this function
to predict future sales, inventory requirements, or consumer trends.
Syntax
FORECAST(x,known_y's,known_x's)
X is the data point for which you want to predict a value.
Known_y's is the dependent array or range of data.
Known_x's is the independent array or range of data.
Cell
The CELL function returns information about the formatting, location, or contents
of a cell. For example, if you want to verify that a cell contains a numeric value
instead of text before you perform a calculation on it, you can use the following
formula:
Workbooks
A Microsoft Office Excel workbook is a file that contains one or more worksheets
that you can use to organize various kinds of related information. To create a new
workbook, you can open a blank workbook. You can also base a new workbook
on an existing workbook, the , or any other template.
Worksheet
A worksheet is a collection of cells where you keep and manipulate the data. By
default, each Excel workbook contains three worksheets
Macros
With Excel VBA you can automate tasks in Excel by writing so called macros. In
this chapter, learn how to create a simple macro which will be executed after
clicking on a command button. First, turn on the Developer tab
Scatter diagrame
Steps
Select the data set (two columns with data for x and
y)
Click on the chart icon
Select xy(scatter) as the graph type
Click finish
Eg
Y=x2
Y=x2
+5
Presentation of data
Using excel to produce histograms and pie
charts
Histogram
histrogram
Pie charts
Financial function
Returns the present value of an investment.
The present value is the total amount that a
series of future payments is worth now. For
example, when you borrow money, the loan
amount is the present value to the lender.
Syntax
PV(rate,nper,pmt,fv,type
Rate is the interest rate per period. For example, if you obtain an
automobile loan at a 10 percent annual interest rate and make monthly
payments, your interest rate per month is 10%/12, or 0.83%. You would enter
10%/12, or 0.83%, or 0.0083, into the formula as the rate.
Nper is the total number of payment periods in an annuity. For example, if
you get a four-year car loan and make monthly payments, your loan has 4*12
(or 48) periods. You would enter 48 into the formula for nper.
Pmt is the payment made each period and cannot change over the life of
the annuity. Typically, pmt includes principal and interest but no other fees or
taxes. For example, the monthly payments on a $10,000, four-year car loan
at 12 percent are $263.33. You would enter -263.33 into the formula as the
pmt. If pmt is omitted, you must include the fv argument.
Fv is the future value, or a cash balance you want to attain after the last
payment is made. If fv is omitted, it is assumed to be 0 (the future value of a
loan, for example, is 0). For example, if you want to save $50,000 to pay for a
special project in 18 years, then $50,000 is the future value. You could then
make a conservative guess at an interest rate and determine how much you
must save each month. If fv is omitted, you must include the pmt argument.
Type is the number 0 or 1 and indicates when payments are due.
FV
Returns the future value of an investment
based on periodic, constant payments and a
constant interest rate.
Syntax
FV(rate,nper,pmt,pv,type)
IRR
Returns the internal rate of return for a series of cash flows
represented by the numbers in values. These cash flows do
not have to be even, as they would be for an annuity.
However, the cash flows must occur at regular intervals,
such as monthly or annually.
The internal rate of return is the interest rate received for
an investment consisting of payments (negative values)
and income (positive values) that occur at regular periods.
Syntax
IRR(values,guess)
Values is an array or a reference to cells that contain
numbers for which you want to calculate the internal rate of
return.
Profitability index
The profitability index also use the npv function but the result is
divided by the original investment
Formula=npv(discount rate, cash flow from year 1)/initial cash
flow