CoY@LUe Or Oz A YO Ut eS gs len 013% ALITARelative Sizes and Detection Devices im idm tom 1mm 400pm 10pm 1pm 100nm f0om inm 1A O4A im 10'm 102m 103m to4m 103m 108m 107m 108m 108m 10m 1m + Soave ulldieseyus 7 HUE Sy Human Wasp Hair Bacteria DNASCIENTIFIC METHOD Ls } Ask yourself, “What do I want to learn more about?”, or “I wonder what would happen if. . .2” Research to help you make an educated guess, or hypothesis, and then answer your question. ‘Test your hypothesis by making a plan and i conducting an experiment. Make careful observations and write down what happens. Use your information to draw conclusions about your experiment. Was your hypothesis correct? CNSAREIRESOLES Explain your results by presenting your | experiment, observations, and conclusions.Types of Variables Independent Controlled The one thing The change that Everything you you change happens because want to remain Limit to only one of the constant and in an experiment. independent unchanging. variable. Example: Example: Example: The liquid used to The height or Type Of plant used, water each plant. health of the plant. pot size, amount of liquid, soil type, etc. Independent Dependent Controlled Variable Variable Variables. & SE aBRANCHES OF SCIENCE =e —Biochemistry Nano Medicine Toxicology Education Pharmaceuticals ‘Computational Forensics ternative Fuels Electronics Future ProblemsApplied Biology SGence of Basic Medicine asic Biologychemic Engineering Biotechnology Nanopartides Interfaces Polymers Biological ystems Prosthetics Biomaterials Point-of-care diagnostics Devices & Molecular biomechanics: Biomimetic Biomaterials. ‘Materials characterbation Polymers ‘Computational molealan, °°" “elivery cellular biology Physiology Nanotech Biophysical & materials chemistry Surface science em 0p IY Mistry Computational biology Robotics Robotics photonics Signal &image processing Bioengineering Biophysics Photonics < Optimization Partial differential equations Statistics oe acne seBIOLOGY - THE ONLY SCIENCE PSU Re Vale) BN DIVISION MEAN THE SAME THINGmove respire = breathe senses grow reproduce = babies excrete =waste nutrition = food To this day, people remember the story of Mrs Gren to help them remember all those things that living things can do.Word Definition Picture Binomial Nomenclature 1. two word naming system (LATIN) 2. First word — Genus — a group of similar organisms that have different characteristics 3. Second word: Species — smallest, most precise classification category Panthera leoGrizzly bear Black bear Giant Redfox Abert Coral Sea star panda squirrel snake re A tkjy A KINGDOM Animalia A & mM PHYLUM Chordata ey MY CLASS Mammalia eR FEE ORDER Carnivera J ww ky FAMILY Ursidae os GENUS Ursus - SPECIES Ursus arctos1 Love Sat (outgroup) Lamprey Tuna Salamander Turtle Leopard e 1 Aniatc | waite) of 00) 0/4 Four walk “ings 9 00/1/14 {outaroup) Lamprey Tuna Satamana: = os 2 Hair | 0) 0 CHARACTERS dows} 0) 0/1) 1)1)1 Vertebral column | 0 (backbone) (a) Character table (b) Cladogram Cepyht PeeeorEducaton, ne ublting as Beran CumingsaS We PS2 SO) - RSS be FSSSS be ae SSS es> QParraPackaged Candy Unpackaged Boxed Wrapper | —_ Round Not Round Gummy Shaped Shaped o |) AS suger Plastic | [ wax Paper sphere || oval Mike Babies wrapper | | Wrapper shaped || shaped and tke’s mur |[ Pate oo ttle = Colored |] Yellow erailer Red || Yellow |/—303 1 noton wanes || 2c colored || cotored |} seice || @ stick onaeeee || Circular candy |] can we ul wy Gob- | [ Unpackaged wn the [ se || ae Heads skittles | [ man’s Dum ‘Atomic | | Packaged bum || Tootsie Fireball LEmeH Roll Head _|| Lollipopins Sore TE a Oa ‘EXTERN ENVIRONMENT eq ae as 2 Ci HOMOSTASIS rrovires AT Z RESPONDS % APPROPRIATE “e CHANGE Sopncenve Tisbve SPINAL. se CANALLevel of Organization Explanation Example 20 Atoms are defined as the eo Atomic Level smallest unit of an clement that still maintains the property of that element. Carbon, Hydrogen, ‘Oxygen Molecular Level Atoms combine to form molecules which can have entirely different properties than the atoms they cont: Water, ONA, Carbohydrates CRSA Cellular Level Cells are the smallest unit of fe. Cells are enclosed by a membrane or cell wall and in multicellular organisms often perform specific functions. Muscle cell, Skin cell, Neuron “ME Tissue Level Organ Level Tissues are groups of cells with ‘similar functions Organs are two or more types lof tissues that work together to| complete a specific task. Muscle, Epithelial, Connective Heart, Liver, Stomach i Organ System Level Organismal Level An organ system is group of organs that carries out more generalized set of functions. An organism has several organ systems that function together. Digestive System, Circulatory System HumanConducts signals to and fromthe bran, controls reflex activities ‘CNS to muscles ‘and glands Sensory organs to CNS Controls voluntary moverrents frome “Rest or Digest” I “Fight or Fight”ae eee eer) eee en cee me Sree as Des atte Eger Lower Palaeolithic Cr ee EDD) Middle Palaeolithic pene) Ut armen (30,000 to 12,000 BP) feet aren GER ROBOT Ts = 8,500 BC) (eer) CR nce Co) RGEC Rc ECC (12,000 BP to present) eer (700 BC to 43 AD) Omeuce aceUE (43 AD to 410 AD) ua eae (410 to 1066 AD) een (1066 to 1500 AD) Peccieny ier caus (1500 to 1800 AD) (1800 to Present Day)Family GenusHOLM Ie, heresies LAPLANT KINGDOM KINGDOM PLANTAE 20,000 species NON-VASCULAR PLANTS VASCULAR PLANTS SRYOPHYTES & ALGAE TRAGHEOPHYTES, SPORE - PRODUING PLANTS SEED =f PRODUCING PLANTS PTERIDOPHYTES. jOPHYTE / PHANEROGAMS, 259,650 species ‘LOWERING PLANTS FLOWERING PLANTS. GyHNOSPERMS ANGIOSPERMS / MAGNOLIOPHYTA, CONIFERS CYCADS| [ GINKGO MONOCOTS DICOTS 4(a Perissodactyla (Odd- i food Hosted aumelay Animals of the Class Mammalia (Mammals) wy x Pholidara (angalin) Chiroptera ats) Cetacea (Whales & Porpoises) Carnivora ~ (Meat-eaters) rena (Dugongs ‘& Manatees) f Lagomorpha (Pikas, al = Hores.and Rabbits) Rodentia Was Insectivora (Gnawing Mammals) MuMS —_ (insect-eaters) ‘Artiodactyla Ba (Even-toed Hoof) \ Dernoptera (Colugos) Se 4 ‘Marsupialia easireta Ss (Pouched Animals) Preboscided| \\ (Teothiess at (Elephonts) ‘Mammels) - Z Morotremata Finmpedia Sheri Amsel ” (Eoylayng Nommals) Cs (seals Sea Lions)plants 290,000 insects 740,000 algae monera (bacteria and similar forms) 4,600 other animals 280,000ALL LIVING ORGANISMS ARE MADE UP OF CELLS ‘Anatomy of the Plant Cet [Anatomy ofthe Animal Cell Figure1Origin of ) eva veret Cells 2 sre curaEndosymbiotic Hypothesis for the Origin of Mitochondria and Chloroplasts Photosynthetic Mitochondri prokaryote Plasma pochondrion = chiereplast Aerobic heterotrophic prokaryote Ancestral host cellNuclear membrane Centriole Lysosome (b) Eukaryotic (animal) cell Mitochondrion Plasma reticulum Rough endoplasmic i ” F er Golgi complex reticulum ‘Microfilaments Microtubule“Looks aren’t everything. It’s what’s inside you that really matters. A biology teacher told me that.”a) /\ 7? Heee