NATION BUILDING IN INDIA

PRESENTED BY
DR. JITENDRA SAHOO
ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR
DEPARTMENT OF POLITICAL SCIENCE
UNIVERSITY OF GOUR BANGA
MALDA

Meaning of Nation Building

Simply, Nation Building involves
a social revolution of the most
profound
character
the
subordination of all traditional
social loyalties, arrangements
and power hierarchies to one
overriding
loyalty(the
motherland)
and
one
authority(the state).

Continues
According to Nathan M. Shamuyarira,
The notion of Nation-building is no longer
one of getting more foreign aid, producing
more cash, putting up more shiny
buildings, bridges and tarmac roads and
churning out more children from schools.
It is rather the qualitative
changes
that take place in society and in the
organisation of the economy that
constitute nation-building.

Continues..
It also involves the capacity of a system to
take collective decisions, to manage the
process of social change and economic
development, and to set and achieve the
goals.
A nation is integrated when its citizens,
whichever part they may happen to be
born in, feel that the whole country is
theirs and they are at home in every part
of it.

Painful and Prolonged

Process
The
success
of
Nation-building
largely depends on the weakening of
all traditional forms of authority,
whether based on customs and
usages or on religious scriptures, and
their subordination in secular realm
to the agencies of the state which
enforce laws and regulations that
state legislates.
Nation-building is thus a complex,
hard and painful process.

Continues.
It took a long time for nation-states like the
United Kingdom, France or Russia to grow.
Though USA has been a Sovereign
nation for more than two hundred
years, its school even today take care
to emphasize the unifying factor.
All school children there, are daily
expected to take a pledge of allegiance
to the nation.

Continues..
In
view
of
Indias
formidable
problems like over population, acute
ethnicity, economic backwardness,
extreme poverty-it needs many more
decades to achieve a marked
success in its efforts at Nationbuilding.

Aids and Instruments to Nation

Building

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

National Leadership
National Goals
National Symbols
Massive Public Education
Mass Communication
Role of Academic community
Role of Press

Continues..

8. Role of Managerial Class

9. Development of national Political
Culture
10. Dedicated and Selfish Ruling Class
11. Continuing National Support
12. Economic Growth with social justice
13. Specific Technique

Theories of Nation-Building
1. Centre- Periphery Model
2. Six Crises
(i) Identity

(ii) Integrity

(iii) Distribution

(iv) Penetration

(v) Participation

(vi) Legitimacy

Impediments to NationBuilding in India

1. Unabated growth of Population

2. Unhealthy role of Political Parties
3. Poverty of the masses
4. Political Federalism
5. Slow and uneven economic
development
6. Communalism
7. Alienation

Continues..

8. cancer of Corruption
9. Decline of Institution
10. Elite-mass Gap
11. Ethnic problems
12. Emergence of Two Indians
13. Growing political Violence
14. Illiteracy
15. Inadequacy of Indian Bureaucracy &
Politician
16. Lack of Protestant Ethics

Indias Performance: Success &

Failure
1. Maintenance of National Unity &
Integrity
2. Planning for Economic Development
3. Protect Discrimination
4. Ideological National Consensus
5. Drafting of a Durable constitution
6. Development of Infrastructure
7. Strong centre
8. Women uplift

Continues..
9. Open Nature of the system
10. Outstanding contribution of
Gandhi, Nehru and Patel
11. Positive role of the Press etc.

Thanks to all