GROUP 5

ERD
( Extended Reach Drilling )
1. Harits Aditya Pratama
2. Henna Farhanah
3. I Ketut Bakti Suseno
4. Ilham Rachmad Yuda
5. Irfan Nurrohman
6. Jeffry Martua
7. Kukuh Eka Wijaya
8. M. Iban Iswandi
9. M. Aldio Mahdi
10.M. Zidni Sofwan
11.Marsa Aprilia
12.Mayshithah Zahrani Nurseha
13.Mochamad Rafi Agung
14.M. Abdul Hakim

The Purpose & The

Reason why we use
ERD

The Advantage &

The Weakness of
ERD

Definition of ERD

ERD Problems

ERD Equipment

Definition of ERD
ERD wells are generally associated with accessing reservoirs at
locations remote from a drill site. Generally, a well is defined as
extended reach if it has a StepOut Ratio of 2 or more. Stepout Ratio
is defined as the horizontal displacement (HD) divided by the true
vertical depth (TVD) at total depth.
ERD well is a well with the Horizontal Displacement more than 4000
m.

Definition of ERD
Even though there are so many definition about ERD. Basicly, ERD
is same as with the other horizontal well. We could find the
different from the inclination angle ( among 75 o until 80o ) and the
horizontal displacement ( up to 4000 meter )

The Purpose of ERD

To improve oil and gas productivity
more efficient.
Decreasing the platform unit.

Developing offshore reservoir

which is recognized as non-profit
reservoir.
Alternative method for
offshore drilling

Why we use ERD?

to reach the deep and far reservoir
When we couldnt access the reservoir with vertical
drilling.
To get the horizontal permeability from a reservoir.
To increase the productivity of oil and gas.
Make a new innovation technically, change the
impossibility to possibility.

The Advantage of ERD

reach the target reservoir
which is far from the facility
equipment in the surface
reduce the need for a
platform on offshore drilling

reach the target reservoir that

cannot be achieved by gas drilling
vertical because there was a hitch
surface as city , lake , mountain,
etc
Change wet tree technique
with dry tree technique

reach the target a reservoir located

under the surface of the sea
meanwhile the platform located on
the land

The Weakness of ERD

The unstable wellbore because the
differential pressure between formation
pressure and hydrostatic pressure. It
makes the torque increase suddenly
drill string will not extends down
the hole for drag excessive
It caused because ERDs limit reached
when the friction factor exceed the
force which is needed to pull down
the drillstring

ERD Equipments

RIG

Drilling Fluid

Drillstring

Casing

RIG
Rig is the important equipment for each drilling process. In ERD, the rig called
Slant Rig. Slant Rig was designed to provide the inclination angle in wellbore
from the surface. It helps to decrease the torque and drag while drilling
process.
Rig specification (conventional rig or
slant rig):
Hookload rig
Drawwork capacity
Drilling fluid pumps capacity

Drillstring
Drillstring can affect many factors to the process of gas drilling . Both the
quality drillpipe , BHA and a combination of a series of its components is very
influential . There ares some factors that influence in drillstring design is as
follows:
Drillpipe Quality
HWDP Quality
BHA components

Drillstring (2)
1. Drillpipe
The quality of drillpipe is really important because the properties of the pipe itself can
hold excessive load as the effect of tension, torque and axial. It needs drillpipe design
that can be compared between maximum load drillpipe and internal strength of pipe.
2. Heavy Weight Drillpipe quality
HWDP likely to be used in ERD as supporter to push while drilling process. It also can
minimize tripping in-out. But due to the heavy weight, hookload of the rig increases and
drag at tangent section can be disadvantages of this HWDP.
3. Bottom Hole Assembly Drillpipe quality
Important BHA components: MWD and Rotary Steerable System (RSS). MWD used to
gives information about TVD, inclination, azimuth, drag and torque. RSS used to direct
wellbore and it has better hole cleaning than sliding drilling, especially in build up
section.

Casing
Largest burden to be borne by rig happens during the installation of the
casing. In general the series of pipes are on the condition of tension at the
surface. While Insert the very long casing into a drill hole, hence the series
of pipes in the surface are on tensile condition because the burden of
compression drag very large . This resulted in the rigs not having thrust to
degrade casing . Therefore design casing very influential on ERD method.

Casing (2)
Casing flotation is a new technology to increase the success of ERD
operation. The main benefit of casing flotation is to reduce casing load due
to the super massive length of ERD. This method is performed with closing
several parts at very bottom of the casing joint, so that mud not allowed to
fill in hole of the casing. This make the bouyancy effect will be greater in
casing to make casing installation easier and can be easily pushed into to
the casing depth.

Drilling Fluid ( Mud )

Drilling fluid has many influences in the circulation process of drilling.
There are some important parameters of mud in ERD process,

Viscosity
To bring the cutting from the wellbore to surface.

Density
Create Bouyancy Effect to drillstring.

Lubricity
to decrease the friction koefisient, then the drag and torque will be

decreasing too.
Usually Oil Based Mud (OBM) or Synthetic Based Mud used as drilling fluid

ERD Problems

TORQUE

DRAG

HOLE
CLEANING
HOOKLOA
D

TORQUE
Torque levels in ER wells are generally more dependent on wellbore
length and tortuousity than tangent angle. Yet, higher angle wells do
tend to reduce overall torque levels while drilling since more of the
drill string is in compression, and the tension profile in the build
section is reduced. However, higher torque values and associated
problems such as accelerated casing wear and key seats are seen
during backreaming operations .

DRAG
If the friction force in horizontal section plus WOB is more bigger than the
pipe ability. The pipe will buckling. To avoid that, we have controlled the
drag force according the pipe ability and hookload of the rig.
Drag divided into 2 types,
there are:
1. Compressive Drag
2. Tensile Drag

HOOKLOAD
Hookload is a burden need to be
able to supported by the rig .This
burden is accumulation of heavy
tubular ( drill pipe or casing ) and
drag experienced a series of pipe
. The largest hookload happened
when the pipe was tripping or
stucking.

HOLE CLEANING
Hole Cleaning is very important. We have to circulated te mud to wellbore to
cleaning the wellbore from cuttings
Poor hole cleaning has resulted in
problems of:
Inability to transfer weight to the
bit
Unexplained and unplanned
changes in direction
Lost mud in the pay zone, which
limits ultimate productivity due to
formation damage
Stuck pipe problems

To reduce some problems

To
To
To

reduce
reduce
reduce

torque and drag

hole cleaning
hookload

To reduce torque and drag

By using TRS (torque reduce sub)

 TRS

 By using LoTAD

Problem hole cleaning

To enhance hole cleaning, drillstring

rotation is used while drilling and
backreaming, and with the pipe off
the bottom.

Reduction hookload

By using bouyancy effect from

drilling fluid
By using Slant RIG

Reduction drag when running casing

By using bouyancy effect from
drilling fluid
Close some part of casing

CONCLUSION
ERD is not different with the other horizontal well. ERD is little bit
different. It has some characteristic which the ratio of TVD with HD is
more than 2. in simple way we can say the ERD has the longest
horizontal displacement. Torque, Drag, Hole Cleaning, and Hookload
must be controlled because those could occur problems.

Thank you