Campaign for

Reforms

Aim of the Propaganda

Movement
1. Philippines as province of Spain
2. Equal right of the Spaniards & the
Filipinos
3. Representative in Spanish Cortez
4. Secularization & Pilipinasyon
5. Human Rights

Great Triumvirate

Noli Me Tangere & El

Filibusterismo

Jose Rizal: Great

Thinker
Fray Botod, Esperanza & La Hija del
Fraile

Graciano Lopez Jaena: Great

Orator

Caiigat Cayo. Dasalan at

Toksohon
and 10 Kautusan ng mga
Marcelo H. Del Pilar: Prayle,
Great Political Analyst

The newspaper of the Propaganda

Movement
Features
the conditions
of the
Philippines

What is the shorter

name of La Solidaridad?

Sol

The newspaper of the Propaganda

Movement
1st edition: February 15 1889

Last edition: November

15 1895

Who is the first Editorin- Chief of Sol?

Jaena

Members of the Propaganda

movement
Members outside the
country
Filipinos mostly in Spain had enjoy
the
freedom of the said country
but still used a different name
(penname)to
protect their family in the
Philippines

Members of the Propaganda

movement
Members inside the country

Secretly supporting the

propaganda movement in
Spain
Give financial assistant in the
publication of
La Solidaridad as well as
information
regarding the country

Members of the Propaganda

movement
Penname

Jose Rizal: Dimasalang at LaonLaan

Marcelo H. del Pilar: Plaridel;
Dolores Manapat
Mariano Ponce: Naning, Tikbalang
at Kalipulako
Jose Ma. Panganiban : Jomapa
Antonio Luna : Taga-ilog

What is the penname of

Jaena?

D_ _ _ _
L____

Diego Laura

Assosacion
Hispano-Filipino
- Conceived as early as July 1888
- Inaugurated on January 1889 in
Madrid

La Liga Filipina
A Civic Society proposed
by
Dr. Jose Rizal
in his return to the
Philippines.
Joined by other
patriotic Filipino like:
Ambrosio Salvador (President),
Agustin dela Rosa(fiscal), Bonifacio Arevalo
(treasurer), Deodato Arellano (secretary) &
members like
Andres Bonifacio

In what year was La Liga

founded?

18 _ _

1892

Aims La Liga Filipina

To unite the
whole
archipelago
into one strong

Aims La Liga Filipina

To give
mutual protection
for
all members
in case of

Aims La Liga Filipina

To encourage
agriculture,
commerce
and education

Aims La Liga Filipina

To defend the
members against
any
kind of violence &
injustice

Aims La Liga Filipina

To study
and apply reforms

Aims La Liga Filipina

The society was to be governed
by a supreme council, a
provincial council and popular
council
The members of the
society were
to pay a monthly due
of ten centavos

Use of money

To support
the son of the
member of the
society

Use of money

2 To support the poor

against the rich
and the powerfully

Use of money

3 To give financial help

to any member
who suffered losses

Use of money

To open
stores &shops which
with sell goods to
members
at a low price

Use of money

To introduce
machines in order to
promote industries

First meeting in July 3, 1892,

After 3 day (July 6) Rizal was arrested.
The government saw

La Liga
Filipina
as an organization
capable of uniting the
Filipinos for self-reliance and defence.

They view the civic organization to be

dangerous.

Why the reform movement

failed

Spain is too busy on their own

problems
Financial difficulties
Reformist are not united

The failure of the Propaganda movement

led others to believe the
ineffectiveness of continuing a peaceful
movement
Andres Bonifacio had a different idea he
would teach the people to defend
themselves.
He establish a society that would not
anymore clamour for reforms but one
that was ready for revolution

K.K.K

What is the meaning of

KKK?

Kataastaasang
Kagalanggalangang
Katipunan ng mga Anak
ng Bayan

Andres Bonifacio together with Teodora

Plata, Valentin Diaz, Ladislao Diwa, and
Deodato Arellano all of them belonging to
lower class of society gathered and
organized a society on July 7, 1892 called:

Ang
Kataastaasang Kagalanggalangang
Katipunan
ng mga Anak ng Bayan

K.K.K

katipuna
n

They performed the

ancient Filipino custom of
sealing friendship and
that SANDUGUAN

Where was Katipunan

founded?

A________

Azcarraga

Recruitment of members
Triangle system:
Jose will recruit Pedro &
Juan
The new members knew
Jose but did not knew
each others

Recruitment of members
New system was use:
To speed up the
process of enlisting
members

All members also agree to pay a

membership & monthly dues
-One real fuerte (25 centavos)- Entrance fee
- Medio real (twelve centavos)- Monthly due

Aims of the Katipunan

civic
Principle of self-help
and the defence of the
weak
and poor

Aims of the Katipunan

Politic
al

Separation
of the
Philippines from
Spain

Aims of the Katipunan

Moral

Teaching of good
manners
hygiene and
good moral

Membership

Katipo
n
2nd grade
Password:
GomBurZa

Bayan
i

1st grade or lowest

pass word: Anak ng
Bayan

Kawal
3rd grade
Password: Rizal

Members of Katipunan

Katipun

Bayani
Kawal

Last code
used during
the Tejeros
convention

Spanish
Alphabet

R
S

O
V

A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
LL
M
N

Katipunan
Alphabet
D
C
B
A
H
G
F
E
L
K
J
I

N
M
LL
R

Flags of the
Katipunan
Official Katipunan Flags

Official Flags
Personal Flags

Flags of the
Katipunan

Official Flags
Personal Flags

Official Flags

Magdalo Factions Flag

Magdiwang Factions flag

Naik_Mil Agreement Flag

Flags of the
Katipunan

Official Flags
Personal Flags

Personal Flags

Bonifacios Flag

Gregorio Del Pilars Flag

Flags of the
Katipunan

Official Flags
Personal Flags

Personal Flags

Pio Del Pilars Flag

Llaneras Skull

Supremo of Katipunan
Deodato Arellano
Roman Basa
Andres Bonifacio

Katungkulan Gagawin ng mga Anak ng Bayan

Duties of the Sons of People

Ten
commandments
of Katipunan

Andres Bonifacio

Leading thinker of the Revolution of

1896

Duties of the Sons of People

Love God
with all your
heart

Duties of the Sons of People

2 Bear always in mind that

love of God is also love of
country
& this too, is love
of ones fellowmen

Duties of the Sons of People

Engrave in your heart

that the true measure of
honor & happiness is to
die
for the freedom of your
country

Duties of the Sons of People

All your good wishes will be

crowned with success if
you have serenity,
constancy, reason & faith in
your acts & endeavour

Duties of the Sons of People

5
6

Guard the mandates & aims

of the K.K.K as you guard your
honor
It is the duty of all to defend at
the risk of their own lives & wealth,
anyone who runs great risk in the
performance of his duty

Duties of the Sons of People

Our responsibility to ourselves

& the performance of our duties will
be the examples set for our
fellowmen to follow

In so far as it is within
your power share your means
with the
Poor & the unfortunate

Duties of the Sons of People

Diligence
in
the
work
that
gives
9
sustenance
to you is the true basis of love- love for
your
own self, for your wife & children, for
1 your
Punish
any scoundrel
& traitor
brothers
& countrymen
0 & praise all your good works.
Believe, likewise, that the aims for
the K.K.K are God-given, for the
will of the people is also the will of
God.

Ang Kartilya ng Katipunan

Consisted of 13
teaching that
members
are expected to
take this teaching
by heart

Ang Kartilya ng Katipunan

Kamara Negra

Emilio
Jacinto

Andres
Bonifacio

Dr. Pio
Valenzuela

What was the English

term for Camara Negra?

D___
C______

Dark Chamber

Kalayaan
Official newspaper of the Katipunan
Penname
Andres Bonifacio- Agapito
Bagumbayan
Emilio Jacinto Dimas Ilaw
Pio Valenzuela Madlang
Away

The Revolution

Conditions before the

revolution
Spanish authorities were
already suspecting a brewing
unrest related to an
underground society whose
purpose was to end Spanish
rule

Conditions before the

revolution
Friars informed the governorgeneral about their suspicions
but the governor- general did
not believe them.

Conditions before the

revolution
Secret gathering in Batangas
where rifles & other weaponry
were being smuggled occasionally
along the coast of the province.

Conditions before the

revolution
The Governor-General in order to
pacify the friars, ordered the
banishment of some prominent
citizens of Batngas & Bulacan.

Conditions before the

revolution

Money was difficult to get,

very few Filipinos are employed
There was no starvation
but the life of Filipino
was
far from prosperous

Conditions before the

revolution
They suffered from heavy
taxation,
from abusive friars & civil
authorities and lack of economic
opportunities

Conditions before the

revolution

The government was spending

millions of pesos for the army
& navy, the amount should
have spent
for public improvement is small
Very little was spent for improvements
in public works which would benefit the
people

Conditions before the

revolution
Of all the causes of people
dissatisfaction were the abuses of
the Spaniard
- friars & civil authorities.
Natives experienced physical
maltreatment in public places and
unjustly ordered to be executed or
banished to faraway places like
Guam, Jolo and Palawan.

Discovery of Katipunan
Teodoro
Patio
Sister

Madre
Portera

Padre Mariano Gil

What was the name of

Teodoro Patinos sister?

H______

Honoria

August 30
Martial Law
in the 8 province
which rose an
arm against the
Spaniards

Gob. Hen. Ramon Blanco

What was the 8

provinces put by
Blanco under
martial law?

Rizal
Bulacan

Cavite

Laguna

Tarlac

Pampanga

Batangas
Nueva
Ecija

Blancos Policy of Attraction

Those who would surrender
within 48 hours after
the publication of decree
would not be subjected to
military court

Blancos Policy of Attraction

Intended to win over the
Filipinos
to the side of the
government and
Dr. Pio Valenzuela
andrebellion
his companions
thus end the
took advantage of this provision
and surrender to the government

When Katipunan was discovered on

Aug. 19 Bonifacio was in Caloocan he
decided
to move to Balintawak.
He ordered to inform the Katipuneros
that there would be meeting in
Balintawak
in Aug. 24.
Bonifacio reached Balintawak in the
afternoon and arrived the following day

Bonifacio asked his

men whether they
were prepared for
freedom &
independence.
Everyone shouted
they were prepared
to die

Bring out your cedulas & tear

them to pieces to show that we are
prepared to take up arms!
-Andres Bonifacio
Long live the Philippines! Long live
Katipunan
-Katipuneros

Tearing of
Cedula Personal
in
Pugad Lawin

Rizals Trial & Execution

When was Rizal executed

in Bagumbayan?

December 30,
1896

Emilio Aguinaldo led the

rebels against the Spaniard in
Kawit.
He won victory after victory
and people admired his
qualities as a military leader
called him Heneral Miong

What was the other

name given to
Aguinaldo?

E_____
T____

Emilio Tanda

2 factions of Katipunan in
Cavite
Magdiwang
Magdalo
Led by
Baldomero Aguinaldo
cousin of
Emilio Aguinaldo.
(Kawit)

Led by
Mariano Alvarez.
(Naic)

In what degree
Baldomero is Aguinaldos
cousin?

First

The rivalry between the two factions the led to

several defeats of the revolutions.
Accompanied by his wife and Bonifacio brothers
arrived in Cavite toward the end of Dec. 1896,
he was asked to mediate between the factions.

An assembly was held in Imus Dec. 31 1896

to determine whether Katipunan should be
transformed into another body of government

2 factions of Katipunan in
Cavite
Magdiwang
Magdalo
Favored the
change in the
Katipunan
structure

Favored the
retention of
Katipunan

Nothing was resulted from this

meeting

The Tejeros Convention

On March 22, 1897 a convention was held at the
estate house in Tejeros (now General Trias)
led by Jacinto Lumbreras a Magdiwang
The 1st part did not went well,
on 2nd part Bonifacio with
Artemio Ricarte presided the
convention

The Tejeros Convention

Present members agreed to
form a new government, official will be elected
by the those present in the convention
They agree to respect the outcome of the
election.

The Tejeros Convention

The result of the election placed the following
Katipuneros into office:
President Emilio Aguinaldo
Vice President Mariano Trias
Captain General Artemio Ricarte
Director of War Emiliano Riego de Dios
Director of the Interior Andres Bonifacio

The Tejeros Convention

When Bonifacio was being proclaimed
Daniel Tirona (Magdalo)
stood up & said that Jose del Rosario an
attorney from Cavite
was more qualified for the position
and should be elected

Hurt by the protest,

Bonifacio demanded Tirona took back what he
said but the latter refused.
Bonifacio took out his pistol & aimed at Tirona,
Ricarte was able to quickly held his hands.

The Tejeros Convention

The angry Bonifacio being the
incumbent Supremo of the Katipunan,
declared the result of the election as
null & void.
Then he & his men hurriedly left the
place

The Tejeros
Resolution

Naik Military
Agreement

Execution of Bonifacio
brothers

The Bonifacio brothers was sentenced to be

shot to death Mayo 10, 1897.

Aguinaldo established a republic

government at Biak-na-Bato called
Biak-na-Bato Republic

Biak na Bato in San

Miguel, Bulacan

Katipuneros in
Biak na Bato

In what place in Cavite

where the Bonifacio
brothers executed?

M_________
Maragondon

Aguinaldo ordered the preparation for a

constitution for the republic
Felix Ferrer & Isabelo Artacho
copied word for word the
Cuban Constitution of Jimaguayun
except for one article the Preamble
declared the aim of the revolution for the
separation of the Philippines from Spain

A Filipino of Chinese
ancestry offered himself as
mediator and approached
Govenor Primo Rivera

Truce in Biak na Bato

The Agreement provided the following:

Aguinaldo &
his men would
go to voluntary exile

According to the Truce,

where will Aguinaldo be
deported?

H_______
Hongkong

Truce in Biak na Bato

The Agreement provided the following:

Primo de Rivera
would pay Aguinaldo the
sum 800,000 in 3 instalmen

400,000 upon his departure from the

Philippines

200,000 when arms surrendered to th

Spanish authorities

200,000 when general amnesty had

been proclaimed

Truce in Biak na Bato

The Agreement provided the following:

Primo de Rivera
pay an additional 900,000
to families of non-combatant
Filipino who suffered
during the revolution

Aguinaldo in Hongkong

Replacement of Govenor General Primo de

Rivera (Basilio Augustin)
Spanish American War

Aguinaldo goes
to Singapore

Interview with
the Pratt

Hongkong Junta

Spanish American War

Politic
al

Letter of Dupuy de Lome (official of Spain

To his friend in Havana that the
American President (William Mc Kinley)
is a weak leader

Spanish American War

Societ
y

e Cuban Revolution had won the sympat

Americans

Spanish American War

Economi
c
Americans had big investment in Cuba
(sugar)

USS Maine Havana Harbor in

Cuba

On Feb. 15, 1898 the American

battleship USS Maine exploded at
Havana Harbor in Cuba, Spain was
blamed for the mishap

On April 25, 1898 the Congress

of the United State formally
declared the war on Spain.
However the investigation
failed to connect the explosion
to the Spaniards

Who led the Americans

in the Battle of Manila
Bay?

D____
Dewey

Battle of Manila Bay

VS.
Admiral George Dewey
USS Olympia

Admiral Patricio
Montojo
Reina Cristina

Aguinaldo
returns

The Siege of
Manila

The Secret
Agreement

The Mock Battle

of Manila

The American
Terms