Aggregates

ARBOLE, Aya
ASINERO, Kenneth
ARELLANO, Frances ATIENZA, Philip
ARELLANO, Karl BEJA, Reymundo

WHAT ARE AGGREGATES?

These are granular materials used in
construction.

TWO TYPES OF AGGREGATES

(According to size)

FINE
AGGREGATES

COARSE
AGGREGATES

OTHER TYPES OF
AGGREGATES
Granite Aggregates
-These are crushed hard rock
- Granite rock comes from magma
that erupted and hardened.

 Gravel Aggregates
-These are the result of sifting quarried
rock and by crushing natural stone rock.
-used for foundations and concretes

TYPES OF GRAVEL AGGREGATES:

Gravel
(smooth)

Crushed Rock

 Limestone Aggregates
-product of crushing limestone.

Secondary Aggregates
-comes from crushing construction waste concrete, bricks, and asphalt.

PROPERTIES OF
AGGREGATES
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
-Absorption
-Porosity
-Permeability
-Texture
-Strength & Elasticity
-Density & Specific Gravity
CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
-Compostion
-Reaction to asphalt

COMMON USES OF
AGGREGATES

Highway Construction
Backfill Material
Asphalt
Portland Cement

AGGREGATE SPECIFICATIONS and

REQUIREMENTS

Absorption
Abrasion Resistance
Soundness
Restriction on deleterious
constituents
Special requirements

PHYSICAL QUALITY TESTS

Absorption
(It is defined as the increase in the weight
of the aggregate due to water in the
material.)

-only applies to coarse aggregates

-Important for aggregates used in hot
mix asphalt and Portland cement
concrete.
-absorptive aggregates are avoided

 Abrasion Resistance
-Applies only to coarse aggregates.
Soundness
-Applies to both fine and coarse
aggregates
-Resistance to forces of weathering is
important in the selection of material
for highway construction.

TEST METHODS TO EVALUATE

SOUNDNESS (INDOT)
1. Water freeze and thaw test
(AASHTO T 103, Procedure A)
-requires the aggregate to be sealed and
totally immersed in water and to be
subjected to 50 cycles of freeze and thaw.
-most accurate but requires a long period
of time.

2. Sodium sulfate test (AASHTO T

104)
-Requires the aggregate to be
immersed in a sodium sulfate
solution and subjected to 5 cycles of
alternate immersion and drying
3. Brine freeze and thaw test (ITM
209)
-The aggregates are enclosed in a
bag with 3% sodium chloride and
subjected to 25 cycles of freeze and

 Deleterious Materials
Some substances in aggregates are
undesirable for use in Portland cement.
Specifications limit the amount of
deleterious materials to a level
consistent with the quality sought in the
final product.

COMMON FIELD TESTS ON

AGGREGATES
Surface Moisture Content &
Absorption
-Frying Pan Method

 Silt Content Test for Sand

-The silt content in sand must not
exceed the specified standards.
-This method can only be used for
natural sand.

 Sieve Analysis
-This is done to check the gradation
of aggregates.

EQUIPMENTS NEEDED FOR

AGGREGATE TESTING
Sieve Shakers

Los Angeles abrasion machine

 Accelerated Polishing Machine