THE INTEGUMENTARY

SYSTEM

Benedict Dueas
Angelica de Jesus
Bea Libunao
Geulia Mamonong
Jan Henessy Marcelino
Han Servando

OBEJCTIVES

OBJECTIVES
Discuss the functions and the derivatives of the
Integumentary System
Discuss the two types of tissues found in the skin
Enumerate the general functions of each type of
membrane and give its location
Explain the skin appendages
Describe the layers of epidermis and the four
principal types of
epidermal cells

OBJECTIVES
Explain the basis for different skin colors
Identify what type of epithelial tissue found in the
outermost layer of the skin
Identify what type of tissue is found in the dermis
Discuss the burns of the skin
Discuss infections and allergies of the skin

THE INTEGUMENTARY
SYSTEM
-

integere, to cover inward

Derivatives:
sweat and oil glands
hair
nails
sensory receptors

FUNCTIONS
stores and releases water and other
important molecules
- mostly protective
1.Protects
2.Aids in body heat loss or heat retention
3.Aids in secretion of urea and uric acid
-

4.Synthesizes vitamin D
5.Blood reservoir

KERATIN
- cornified or hardened
- prevents water loss from the surface

CLASSIFICATIONS OF BODY
MEMBRANES

EPITHELIAL MEMBRANES

CUTANEOUS MEMBRANE

EPITHELIAL MEMBRANES

MUCOUS MEMBRANE

EPITHELIAL MEMBRANES
SEROUS MEMBRANE

CONNECTIVE TISSUE
MEMBRANES
SYNOVIAL MEMBRANES

STRUCTURE OF THE SKIN

TWO KINDS OF SKIN TISSUES:
epidermis stratified squamous epithelium,
with keratin
dermis mostly DCT
Blister separation of dermis and epidermis from
burns of
from burns of friction

BLISTER

EPIDERMIS
- avascular
- has keratinocytes
strata five layers:
1. Stratum basale
2. Stratum spinosum
3. Stratum granulosum
4. Stratum lucidum
5. Stratum corneum

FOUR PRINCIPAL TYPES OF EPIDERMAL

CELLS

FOUR PRINCIPAL TYPES OF

EPIDERMAL CELLS
Keratinocytes
Melanocytes
Langerhans Cells
Merkel Cells

FOUR PRINCIPAL TYPES OF

EPIDERMAL CELLS
Keratinocytes
- keratino, hornlike
- produces keratin
- 90% of epidermal
cells

FOUR PRINCIPAL TYPES OF

EPIDERMAL CELLS
Melanocytes
- melano, black
- produces melanin
- absorbs UV light
- 8% of epidermal cells

FOUR PRINCIPAL TYPES OF

EPIDERMAL CELLS
Langerhans Cells
- for immune responses
- easily damaged by UV
light

FOUR PRINCIPAL TYPES OF

EPIDERMAL CELLS
Merkel Cells
- has the least number in
epidermal cells
- located in the deepest
layer

DERMIS
- Binds the body together
hypodermis subcutaneous tissue and an adipose
tissue
anchors skin to underlying organs, shock
absorber
TWO MAJOR REGIONS:
a. papillary areas

SKIN COLOR

SKIN COLOR
3 PIGMENTS:
1. melanin - epidermis
2. carotene stratum corneum and subcutaneous
tissue
3. oxygen-rich hemoglobin dermal blood vessels

MELANIN
- for skin/hair pigmentation
- produced by melanocytes
melanocytes spider-shaped cells that
produce Melanin
increase of melanocytes, increase of

SKIN APPENDAGES
- glands
- hair and hair follicles
- nails

CUTANEOUS GLANDS
Exocrine glands
Sebaceous glands
Sweat glands
Apocrine glands

HAIR
- also as Pili

Types:
Lanugo covers the body of the fetus
Terminal Hairs replaces the lanugo of the eyebrows, eyelashes,
and scalp
Vellus Hairs replaces the lanugo, not visible to the naked eye

HAIR AND HAIR FOLLICLES

- EPIDEMRAL SHEATH
- OUTER DERMAL SHEATH

BURN
- damage by heat,
UV, chemicals
First degree
Second degree
Third degree

FIRST DEGREE BURN

SECOND DEGREE BURN

THIRD DEGREE BURN

INFECTIONS AND ALLERGIES

ATHLETES FOOT

BOILS AND
CARBUNCLES

COLD SORES

CONTACT DERMATITIS

IMPETIGO

VITILIGO

PSORIASIS

DECUBITIS ULCER

ALOPECIA

SKIN CANCER

END