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Adhesives
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Learning objectives
Learning objectives
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Joining components
There are two basic ways of joining materials:
1. temporary, using nuts and bolts, etc.
2. permanent, using adhesives.
In this section we are going to look at adhesives.
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Early adhesives
Early adhesives were made from animal bones.
They were strong but limited: they had to be heated to
melt in small pots in the workshop and were damaged by
heat, water and fungus.
Adhesives
PVA
PVA is a white, ready-mixed liquid, used for
joining porous materials including wood.
It is:
safe to use
not effective in damp conditions, although a
waterproof PVA is available
quick drying (it takes 24 hours to dry).
PVA will not fill gaps you must make sure that the
pieces fit together well and use a clamp to join the two
pieces. Excess glue can be removed with a damp cloth.
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Using PVA
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Synthetic resins
Waterproof synthetic resin wood glues, such as Cascamite,
are used for building boats or making outdoor furniture.
Cascamite:
is a powder which has to be mixed with water
needs to be clamped while setting
is stronger than PVA
can be used as a filler.
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Contact adhesive
Contact adhesives can be used to join dissimilar
materials, such as plastic laminate and MDF.
Apply an even layer to both
surfaces to be joined.
Wait for 1015 minutes until the
surfaces are touch dry. They do
not need clamping.
The surfaces will stick as soon as
they touch each other.
The pieces need to be lined up
carefully as they can not be repositioned.
Caution!
Use contact adhesives in a well ventilated area
because of fumes.
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Tensol cement
Tensol cement is used solely for joining acrylic. It is a
solvent-based adhesive which dissolves the surfaces being
joined.
Surfaces must be in contact before the
adhesive is applied.
Reacts with the surface of the acrylic.
Needs a large gluing area to work effectively.
Caution!
Tensol is harmful if used incorrectly.
It evaporates quickly and must be used in a well ventilated
area because of fumes.
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Hot glue
Hot melt glue is:
quick
convenient
messy
useful for modelling its quality
is too poor for production work.
Caution!
Care needs to be taken with the hot glue it can burn!
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Non-sticky adhesives
An unusual technological problem was to find an
application for an adhesive that was just not very sticky.
The solution?
Post-it notes!
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Adhesives game
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Key points
Key points
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