Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
CBE 555
Spring 2008
Background Information
Stages of production
White vs. Red
Reactions
Role of Acids/controlling pH
Quality
Problems that arise
Next Steps
Questions
Harvest
There are over 4000 varieties of grapes used in the
production of wine.
Grapes are usually harvested from early September to the
beginning of November.
Grape Selection/Processing
Grapes must be treated with 50-75 ppm of free sulfur dioxide.
Sulfating is done to remove unwanted bacteria before the next
step of the process.
Equipment must also be sanitized. This is usually done with an
O2 based caustic solution, water, and then a anti-bacterial
sulfite solution. Finally another water rinse.
Approximately 10 gallons of quality water are used for
every gallon of wine.
White
When processing grapes for White wine, after the
cleaning process they are immediately pressed and
the juice is sent to the tanks (by pump or gravity fed).
Historical Press
White
Fermentation temperature is usually about 1518C
Sweet wine are made by leaving some residual
sugar after fermentation
This is done by:
Harvesting later
Freezing the grapes to increase the sugar
concentration
Killing the yeast before fermentation is complete
Red
Grapes are usually crushed with all parts together and they
then go straight to fermentation
The skin and seeds are important to pass on tannins and the
Grape Crusher
Red
The fermentation process for Red wine is initially
open to the air
After the must is transferred to the fermentation
Fermentation Tanks
Length of process
The fermentation process usually lasts 10-30
days.
For red wines the process is shorter than for white wines
Temperature
Fermentation is an exothermic process, so
temperature control is important
is complete
The aging period is not a necessary step in wine
present
Removed in the heat stabilization process by adsorption
to bentonite
Storage
Bottles should be stored upright for about 3 days and then at
an angle or on their side in order to keep the cork wet
If the cork is not kept wet it can introduce air through the tiny
Fermentation Process:
C6H12O6 + yeast
2C2H4OH + 2CO2
The alcohol solution that results from
most red wines, yet it is still called the red wine headache.
Some this it is a reaction to tannin levels; experiments
Thank You
cold filtration?
Wines are aged in wooden barrels
How are they kept air tight?
How do you reduce the amount lost from soaking into
the wood?
What are the differences in size of filters between
1.
2.
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Just some of the problems in wine making. (2007). Retrieved January 31, 2008, from
www.problempatrol.com/11/problems-in-wine-making/
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Cooke, G. M., & Lapsley, J. T. (1988). Making table wine at home. The Regent of the
University of California, Division of Agriculture and Natural Resources.
6.
Keller, J. (2007). Advanced winemaking basics, "acidity in wines". Retrieved January, 2008,
from http://winemaking.jackkeller.net/advbasic.asp
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Tzia, C., Christaki, T. (2001). Quality and safety assurance in winemaking. Department of
Chemical Engineering, Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Technology.
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World Wine Situation and Outlook, US Department of Agriculture. August 2006. The wine
pages. www.thewinepages.com/winw101-statistics