SURGICAL

INTERVENTION
IN
WILD ANIMALS
Dr. B JUSTIN WILLIAM, B.Sc., M.V.Sc, Ph.D.,
Professor of Surgery
Madras Veterinary College,
Chennai 600007, Tamil Nadu, India
vetjust@gmail.com

WILD ANIMAL SURGERY

A fascinating and Challenging Task

Pre-Surgical Considerations
Vets experience and Knowledge
Animals temperament
Environment
Ease of approach and immobilization
Stress
Health status
Morbidity of the condition
Handlers availability
Animals co-operation and
Legal issues

Vets Experience and Knowledge

Knowledge on
Species specific administration of
immobilizing drugs
Contraindications
Routes of administration
Anaesthetic monitoring Pre, intra and Post
operative periods
Emergency management
Use of reversal agents
Release

Vets Experience and Knowledge

Knowledge on
Species specific administration of
immobilizing drugs
Contraindications
Routes of administration
Anaesthetic monitoring Pre, intra and Post
operative periods
Emergency management
Use of reversal agents
Release

Vets Experience and

Knowledge

Vets Experience and Knowledge

Rhino chondrosarcoma

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Indian Gaur - Evisceration

Washing

Cleaning the wound

Hyena Bite Injury

Animals Temperament Bite

Pressure

Animals Temperament Bite

Pressure

OVARIOSALPINGECTOMY IN CAPTIVE
MUGGER CROCODILES (Crocodylus
palustris)

Introduction Crocodile Breeding

Prolifically breeding
animal
Population control
measure - Emerging need
and important
consideration for effective
maintenance of existing
population in captivity
Two breeding seasons per
year
35-40 eggs per clutch

Housing in a separate enclosure,

preoperative fasting for 48 hours
and capturing prior to surgery

Transporting the animal

Anaesthesia
Xylazine @
1mg/kg and 30
minutes later
Ketamine @ 20
mg/kg b.wt. and 30
minutes later
Diazepam @ 0.25
mg/kg IM at caudal
tail muscles

Preparing the surgical

site

Surgical Procedure Surgical site

Surgical Procedure
LEFT PARAMEDIAN INCISION - FLAP METHOD

Midline
Celiotomy

Surgical Procedure Contd.,

Isolating and shifting

large ventral abdominal
vein

Grasping the
oviduct with eggs

Surgical Procedure contd.,

Exposing ovary,
mesosalphinx and oviduct
with eggs

Ligation and transection

of blood vessels

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Surgical Procedure Contd.,

Ligation, transfixation
and
transection of ovary

Surgical Procedure Contd.,

Ligation, transfixation and

transection of oviduct at
cloacal juncture

Surgical Procedure Contd.,

Closure of skin with silk

and medical grade skin
glue

Conclusion

Time for sedation

Time for induction
Duration of anaesthesia
Time for recovery
Duration of surgery
Cost of anaesthesic drugs

20 minutes
26 minutes
50 minutes
4.5 hours
- 45 minutes
Rs. 800/-

Sealing of surgical wound with acrylate

medical glues prevented the infection and
wound dehiscence and the healing was
without any complications

ABLATION OF SULCUS SPERMATICUS A

NEW BIRTH CONTROL PROCEDURE IN
CAPTIVE MALE MUGGER CROCODILES
(Crocodylus palustris)

Introduction Crocodile Breeding

Prolifically breeding animal

Population control measure - Emerging need and important
consideration for effective maintenance of existing population in
captivity

Prior Examination and Translocation

- Two days prior to surgery -

Housing in a separate enclosure,

preoperative fasting for 48 hours
and capturing prior to surgery

Transporting the animal

Anaesthesia

Xylazine @ 1mg/kg and 30 minutes

later
Ketamine @ 20 mg/kg b.wt. IM at
caudal tail muscles

Presurgical Preparation

Local infiltration with 2% lidocaine

hydrochloride on either side of the sulcus
spermaticus

Ablation of sulcus spermaticus

As a new birth
control technique
in six adult male
mugger
crocodiles

Ablation of sulcus spermaticus

Closure of ablated sulcus spermaticus region with no.1

PGA

Final closure of ablated sulcus spermaticus with no.1 PGA

Immediate Postoperative Period

Post operative monitoring

Post operative Care

Isolation for one week
Antibiotics and
analgesics
administration for five
days
Released back in a
separate enclosure with
intact females and
evaluated the breeding
prolificacy

Surgical Outcome

Long term follow up - 8 months revealed

complete absence and no regeneration of sulcus
spermaticus

Surgical Outcome

Females produced only infertile eggs

in the breeding season

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Python Cold abscess

MVI_1427.AVI

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Electrocution in a sloth
bear

Lion Compound Fracture and wound

Morbidity of the condition Tail injury in

a lion

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Lion Vasectomy

Lion Cataract surgery

Hippo tusk trimming

Camel - Fibroma

Elephant Evisceration

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Health and Co-morbid conditions

Oesophagostomy feeding tube in a Hermanns tortoise

(Testudo hermanni)

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THANK YOU

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