NUST Institute of Civil Engineering

CE 806

Reinforced Concrete Members

Introduction
Dr. Wasim Khaliq

Course Outline

Reinforced concrete general concepts. Stress and strain distributions at

various load levels.
Flexural design of beams
Mechanisms of shear resistance using various models. D Regions and B
Regions concepts - Shear in reinforced concrete deep and slender beams
Development, anchorage and splicing of reinforcement
Behavior of short columns and columns under biaxial bending
Design for Torsion
Deep beams and corbels
Joints in reinforced concrete structures
Serviceability -cracking and deflections, creep and shrinkage effects on
performance of RC members

Books

Grading Plan

Quizzes

10%

Home works

5-10%

2 One Hour Tests

30%

End Semester Exam

Term Project

40%

10-15%

Homework Assignments
Homework problems will be assigned regularly. Each homework
set will usually be due a week after it is assigned. All
assignments should be submitted hand written except
mentioned observing the guidelines listed below:
- Use A4 size paper;
- Start each problem on a new page;
- Use straight edge to draw figures;
- Just your name, registration # and assignment # on title
page;
- Staple all pages together.

Homework Assignments
Each homework set is graded based on the following
criteria:
Problems in a set may weigh differently depending on the
solution effort needed;
any reasonable work can get some credit;
The solution should look professional. Points may be taken
off if the work is not legible or looks unprofessional;
For late HW there will be a penalty: 30% off if one day late,
60% off if two days late, and no credit will be given after
three days.

Design and Loads

Design
Design determination of the general shape and all specific dimensions of a particular structure so that it
will perform the function for which it is created and will safely withstand the influences that will act on it
throughout its useful life.
Influences primarily the loads plus other forces to which it will be subjected-temperature fluctuations,
foundation settlement, and corrosive influences.

Loads
Dead Loads constant in magnitude and fixed in location.
Live Loads consist of occupancy loads in buildings and traffic loads on bridges.
Environmental Loads consist mainly of snow loads, wind pressure and suction earthquake loads (i.e;
inertia forces caused by earthquake motions), soil pressures on subsurface portions of structures, loads
from possible ponding of rain water on flat surfaces, and forces caused by temperature differentials etc.

Serviceability, Strength, and Structural Safety

To serve its purpose a structure must be safe against collapse and serviceable in use.
For a gradual failure with ample warning permitting remedial measures, the ACI code
provisions are as follows:

Design Strength Required Strength

Sn U
More specifically for a member subjected to shear, moment, and axial load:

Mn MU
Vn VU
Pn PU
n is the nominal strength in flexure, shear, and axial load.
u is the factored load moment, shear, and axial load.

Fundamental Assumptions for an RC Member Behavior

The chief items of behavior that are of practical interest are:
-The strength of the structure
-The deformations
The fundamental assumptions on which the mechanics of reinforced concrete is based are:
-The internal forces, such as bending moments, shear forces, and normal and shear stresses,
at any section of a member are in equilibrium with the effects of external loads at that section.
-The strain in an embedded reinforcing bar is the same as that of the surrounding concrete. Or it
is assumed that perfect bonding exists between the concrete and steel at the interface, so that
no slip occur between the two materials. Hence, as one deforms, so must the other.
-Cross sections that were plane prior to loading continue to be plane in the member under load.
-Concrete in tension is usually cracked, as its tensile strength is just a fraction of its compressive
strength. It is assumed that concrete is not capable of resisting any tension stress.
-Actual stress-strain relationships and strength properties of the two constituent materialsInelastic behavior is reflected in modern theory-concrete is assumed to be ineffective in tensionthe joint action of the two materials is considered, which is very complex and more challanging.