ClF3

Chlorine Trifluoride
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Chlorine Trifluoride
By heating a mixture of fluorine and chlorine
at about 280C in a vessel made of either
nickel, Monel metal.
3 F2+ Cl2 2 ClF3
9F
17Cl
Electronegativity of F 3.98
Electronegativity of Cl 3.16

Chlorine Trifluoride

Chlorine Trifluoride
Schematic representation
of the relative energies of
the electrons for the
various shells and
subshells. (From K. M.
Ralls, T. H. Courtney, and
J.Wulff, Introduction to
Materials Science and
Engineering, p. 22.
Copyright 1976 by John
Wiley & Sons, New York.
Reprinted by permission
of John Wiley & Sons, Inc.)

Chlorine Trifluoride

Chlorine Trifluoride
Physical Properties

Colour, Colourless
Melting Point [oC], -76.3
Boiling Point [oC], 12
Critical Temperature
[oC], 154
Vapour Pressure, 20 oC,
[bar], 1.5
Relative Gas Density,
air, 2.8
Relative Liquid Density,
water, 1.9

Chemical Properties

Flammability Range
[vol% in air], Oxidiser
Auto-ignition
Temperature [oC], Not
Applicable

Chlorine Trifluoride
Physical Properties

Colour, Colourless
Melting Point [oC], -76.3
Boiling Point [oC], 12
Critical Temperature
[oC], 154
Vapour Pressure, 20 oC,
[bar], 1.5
Relative Gas Density,
air, 2.8
Relative Liquid Density,
water, 1.9

Chemical Properties

Flammability Range
[vol% in air], Oxidiser
Auto-ignition
Temperature [oC], Not
Applicable

Chlorine Trifluoride
The main reason light passes through
gases more easily than through
solids is that there is much less
"stuff" in a gas than in a solid. There
is a lot more space between the
molecules in a gas than in a solid or
liquid that light can pass through.

Chlorine Trifluoride
Physical Properties

Colour, Colourless
Melting Point [oC], -76.3
Boiling Point [oC], 12
Critical Temperature
[oC], 154
Vapour Pressure, 20 oC,
[bar], 1.5
Relative Gas Density,
air, 2.8
Relative Liquid Density,
water, 1.9

Chemical Properties

Flammability Range
[vol% in air], Oxidiser
Auto-ignition
Temperature [oC], Not
Applicable

Chlorie Trifluoride
Melting and Boiling Point related to
energy bonding as shown in the
table.

Chlorine Trifluoride
Physical Properties

Colour, Colourless
Melting Point [oC], -76.3
Boiling Point [oC], 12
Critical Temperature
[oC], 154
Vapour Pressure, 20 oC,
[bar], 1.5
Relative Gas Density,
air, 2.8
Relative Liquid Density,
water, 1.9

Chemical Properties

Flammability Range
[vol% in air], Oxidiser
Auto-ignition
Temperature [oC], Not
Applicable

Chlorine Trifluoride
As the substance
approaches critical
temperature, the
properties of its
gas and liquid
phases converge,
resulting in only
one phase at the
critical point: a
homogeneous
supercritical fluid.

Chlorine Trifluoride
Physical Properties

Colour, Colourless
Melting Point [oC], -76.3
Boiling Point [oC], 12
Critical Temperature
[oC], 154
Vapour Pressure, 20 oC,
[bar], 1.5
Relative Gas Density,
air, 2.8
Relative Liquid Density,
water, 1.9

Chemical Properties

Flammability Range
[vol% in air], Oxidiser
Auto-ignition
Temperature [oC], Not
Applicable

Chlorine Trifluoride

Chlorine Trifluoride
Physical Properties

Colour, Colourless
Melting Point [oC], -76.3
Boiling Point [oC], 12
Critical Temperature
[oC], 154
Vapour Pressure, 20 oC,
[bar], 1.5
Relative Gas Density,
air, 2.8
Relative Liquid Density,
water, 1.9

Chemical Properties

Flammability Range
[vol% in air], Oxidiser
Auto-ignition
Temperature [oC], Not
Applicable

Chlorine Trifluoride

Chlorine Trifluoride
Physical Properties

Colour, Colourless
Melting Point [oC], -76.3
Boiling Point [oC], 12
Critical Temperature
[oC], 154
Vapour Pressure, 20 oC,
[bar], 1.5
Relative Gas Density,
air, 2.8
Relative Liquid Density,
water, 1.9

Chemical Properties

Flammability Range
[vol% in air], Oxidiser
Auto-ignition
Temperature [oC], Not
Applicable

Chlorine Trifluoride

Chlorine Trifluoride
Physical Properties

Colour, Colourless
Melting Point [oC], -76.3
Boiling Point [oC], 12
Critical Temperature
[oC], 154
Vapour Pressure, 20 oC,
[bar], 1.5
Relative Gas Density,
air, 2.8
Relative Liquid Density,
water, 1.9

Chemical Properties

Flammability Range
[vol% in air], Oxidiser
Auto-ignition
Temperature [oC], Not
Applicable

Chlorine Trifluoride
Theautoignition
temperatureorkindling pointof a
substance is the lowest temperature
at which it willspontaneously ignite
in a normal atmosphere without an
external source of ignition, such as a
flame or spark.

Chlorine Trifluoride
An oxidizer is a type of chemical which a fuel
requires to burn. Most types of burning on
Earth use oxygen, which is prevalent in the
atmosphere. However in space there is no
atmosphere to provide oxygen or other
oxidizers so rockets need to carry up their
own oxidizers. Usually, they are carried in a
different tank than the fuel and released in
the proper proportion with the fuel when the
rocket is fired.
http://www.qrg.northwestern.edu/

Chlorine Trifluoride

ClF3+ 2H2O 3HF + HCl

+ O2

Chlorie Trifluoride
Similarly, its violently exothermic
reaction with hydrazine made this an
extremely powerful propellant
combination for rocket fuel in the late
1950s.
3 N2H4+ 4 ClF3 3 N2+ 12 HF + 2 Cl2

Chlorie Trifluoride
In nuclear reactors, neutron irradiation of
uranium atoms in the fuel rods produces
either plutonium (by absorption of neutrons,
subsequently followed byb-decay) or fission
products including131I and lanthanides. The
ability of ClF3to fluorinate metals means
that on reaction with "used" fuel rods from
nuclear reactors, the uranium reacts at 5080C and gets turned into the volatile UF 6.
U + 3 ClF3 UF6+ 3 ClF

Chlorie Trifluoride
In recent years, ClF3has been
recognised to be about the best
cleaning agent for semiconductor
process tools; unlike NF3or CF4,
ClF3does not require plasma
activation,