The Carnatic

war

The Portuguese

The Portuguese could not establish themselves firmly in India and as a result of their
own carelessness, they were deprived of their trade and territories

Cause of their failure was the small size of their country and the lack of resources.
They adopted the policy of conversion which offended both the Hindus and the
Muslims.
Soon the Mughals, the Marathas and the English people snatched some significant
territories from the Portuguese
It weakened Portugal and ultimately it lost her independent status to Spain and she
was merged with Spain.

Dutch
They made several attempts to establish themselves in India between A.D.
(1595-1601) but the Dutch succeeded in their mission in A.D. 1602.
They being powerful, eclipsed the Portuguese in the eastern waters and
established their monopoly on their trade.
The supremacy of the Dutch continued for about a hundred years
Dutch established their trade centers at Calicut, Surat, Chinsura, Kasim
Bazar, Balasore, Patna, Cochin, Nagapattam etc.

The French
In A.D. 1664 the first French company was formed
The French besides establishing their control over the island of Mauritius in the
Arabian Sea
They also have trading centers at Pondicherry and Chandra agar in India.
only the French achieved tremendous accesses in the South during the Governorship
of Alexander Dumas and Dupleix.

These three Karnataka Wars proved fatal for the existence of the French and their
dream of establishing an empire in India ended in smoke.

The English
England also established a Company to trade with India in A.D.1600.
In A.D.1611 the English founded their first factory after getting the permission
of the then Mughal Governor

Later on they also founded their companies in Ahmedabad, Berhampur, Ajmer,

Agra, Patna, Karim Bazar, Dacca, Calcutta, and Bombay.

They opened two company and they merged both the company
The British Company came to be known as the East India Company
The Mughal emperor supported them they had tax free trade

THE ANGLO-FRENCH RELATIONS BY

A.D.1740

By 1740 the relations between the English and the French were quite sweet.
Though during war of Spanish succession both fought against

After that also both the French and English maintained peace and friendship in
India because both know that if they are going to make some problems the
Mughal emperor is going to throw them out
Both came to India for the purpose of trading and their aim was to amass money
the French sent their goods and merchandise from Pondicherry to Madras for safe
custody

The first Carnatic war

The conflict between the English and the French began for
supremacy

The outbreak of the War of Austrian Succession put them into rival
camps.
The political condition of south India was very explosive and both
the English and the French wanted to take advantage of this
situation
Barnet was sent with fleet to destroy French trade in India but at
this time Dupleix sought help from La Bourbonnais attacked
Madras and established his control after meeting a slight
opposition from the English
the death of Barnett in A.D.1746 transferred the leadership to
Peyton

Battle of Adyar

The battle of adyar took place on 24 October 1746.

The war was fought between the Nawab of Arcot and a small French force belonging
to the French east India Company.
The main event that acted as a catalyst was the French capture of fort st George in
madras which was held by the British.
The Nawab of Arcot who was a close ally of the British at that point of time sent a
numerically strong army comprising of 10000 men under his so Mahfuz khan
the brilliance of the Frenchman captain orders who led a strong and well trained
force of Indian sepoys and French troops that ultimately turned the tables in favor of
the French
When navab forces arrived it was captain paradise idea for immediate attack because
British could arrive anytime

Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle

As the treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle was concluded in Europe in

A.D.1748

the war between the English and the French came to an end in
India.

According to the terms of the treaty of Aix-la Chappelle, the

French had to return Madras to the English and the French
received Louisburg in America in return of Madras

Second Carnatic war

Dupleix got an opportunity In A.D.1748 a civil war for succession broke out between
Karnataka and Hyderabad
After the death of the Nizam his son was enthroned in Hyderabad but the grandson of
Nizam also claimed his succession
some of the people wanted to enthrone Chandra Sahib, the son-in-law of Dost Ali in
place of Anwar Uddin.

Nasir Jang and Anwar Uddin died in the war and Muzaffar Jang and Chandra Sahib
succeeded to the thrones of Hyderabad and Karnataka respectively

. The French got ample of money and concessions in lieu of their services rendered to
the successful party.

Treaty of Pondicherry
Both the English and the French agreed to give up all the titles bestowed on their
officers by the native rulers and decided that they would not intervene in their
affairs.
The French accepted the control of the English over St. George, St.David and
Devikottai.
The French abandoned their claim to Masalipttam.
Some territorial and naval issues were also settled.

Both promised to get this treaty approved by their governments and by that
time they would maintain peace and harmony.

Third Carnatic war

The English had consolidated their position by establishing their control over Bengal
before Lailly reached India.
Lailly occupied that St.David in A.D.1758.

Lailly also made a plan to establish his control over Madras in order to end the
supremacy of the English in India

Although Haider Ali, the ruler of Mysore sent an army for the assistance of the French,
yet it too failed to solve their problem. After remaining under siege for a long time.
Lailly surrendered before the British on 16 th January 1761.

. After the fall of Pondicherry, the English established their control over Karekal, Mahi,
and Jinji etc.

The third war of Karnataka came to an end with the end of the Seven Years War and
treaty of Paris was concluded in A.D. 1763.

Treaty of Paris
The Carnatic wars came to an end with the signing of the treaty
of Paris in 1763.
The treaty was signed between four nations Spain, Britain,
French, Portugal this was the end product of the seven years
war
The main aspect of this war is the fact that French and Britain
agreed to return most of the captured territories.
This resulted in the French hand hovering most of its territories
in America and India to the British.