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Testing
Pharmacology Laboratory
Methods
Chemical
Methods
Important Terminologies
Antibiotic
Antiseptic
Chemotherapeutic
Disinfectant
Agent
Antibiotic
A
substance naturally
produced and released by one
microbe that kills or inhibits
other microbes
Antiseptic
A
Chemotherapeutic Agent
Any
Disinfectant
A
on bacteria growing on an
agar plate
Easy to perform but difficult to
interpret
Chemical is constantly in contact with the
microbe rather than for a short exposure
Microbe is on a growth medium rather
than on typical environmental or body
surface
Zone
Procedures
Agar
plate preparation
Placement of disinfectants/
antiseptics
Incubation
Measurement of the zones of
inhibition(in mm)
Tabulate and interpret data
2. Placement of disinfectants/
antiseptics
3. Incubation
Kirby-Bauer Test
Chemotherapeutic Agent Testing
Kirby-Bauer Test
Standardization of the entire procedure is
the key to ensuring accurate results
Standardize the following:
Bacteria
Place them on the test medium in their early
stages of growth
Ensures that all cells are equally susceptible to
the antimicrobial agent
Concentration of the bacteria is controlled by
comparing the cloudiness of the broth or
saline solution with that of the standard
chemical solution
Kirby-Bauer Technique
Antimicrobial disks
Prestandardized at the pharmaceutical
supply house
Agent
Disk Symbol
Potency
Ampicillin
AM-10
10mcg
Bacitracin
B-10
10u
Carbenicillin
CB-100
100mcg
Clindamycin
CC-2
2 mcg
Erythromycin
E-15
15 mcg
Kanamycin
K-30
30mcg
Methicillin
DP-5
5 mcg
Oxacillin
OX-1
1 mcg
Penicillin
P 10
10 u
Polymyxin B
PB 3000
300 u
Rifampicin
RA 5
5 mcg
Streptomycin
S 10
10 mcg
Tetracycline
Te 30
30 mcg
Vancomycin
Va 30
30 mcg
Kirby-Bauer Test
Culture medium
2 Ways
Type of medium used is of the same formula
Control of the volume of material placed in
each plate
The bacterial growth rate, the diffusion rate of
the drug and the amount of nutrients available
to the growing bacteria are now all
standardized.
Kirby-Bauer Test
8 to 12 antimicrobial disks are placed on
each plate of growth medium shortly after
the inoculation of the bacteria
Based on the zone of inhibition, the
microbe may be: