Particle location in terms of its position vector.
A velocity field is given V Vo / l xi yj by where Vo
and l are constants. At what location in the flow field is the speed equal to Vo? Make a sketch of the velocity field in the first quadrant.
Eulerian and Lagrangian descriptions of
temperature of a flowing fluid.
Streamlines are lines
tangent to the velocity field
Consider the two-dimensional steady flow with
r V Vo / l xi yj . Determine the streamlines
for this flow.
Waterrflowing from the oscillating slit produces a velocity field given
by V u0 sin t y / v0 i v0 j where u0 , v0 and are constants. Thus, the y component of velocity remains constant ( v = u0) and x component of velocity y = 0 coincides with the velocity of the oscillating sprinkler head u u0 sin t at y 0 . (a) Determine the streamline that passes through the origin at t = 0, t = /2. (b) Determine the pathline of the particle that was at the origin at t = 0, t = /2.
Velocity and position of particle A and time t.
4.2.4 Streamline Coordinates
Streamline coordinate system for two-dimensional
flow.
Relationship between the unit vector along the streamline,
S, and the radius of curvature of the streamline, R.
FrenetSerret frame or TNB frame
T is the unit vector tangent to the curve, pointing in the direction of motion. N is the derivative of T with respect to the arc length parameter of the curve, divided by its length. B is the cross product of T and N. T, N, and B are tangent, normal, and binormal unit vectors in terms of each other.
Lecture Module on 09-03-11
4.3
Control Volume and System Representation
4.4
The Reynolds Transport Theorem
4.4.1 Derivation of the Reynolds Theorem
4.4.2 Physical Interpretation 4.4.3 Relationship to Material Derivative
Control Volume and System Representations
Systems : It is a collection of matter of fixed identity (always the same atoms or fluid particles), which may move, flow, and interact with its surroundings. Example: A mass of air drawn into an air compressor. Control Volume: It is a volume in space through which the fluid may flow. When we are most interested in determining the forces put on a fan, airplane, or automobile by the air flow past the object rather than following the fluid as it flows along past the object. Identify the specific volume in space and analyze the fluid flow within, through, or around that volume.
Control Volume and System Representations
Surface of the Pipe Surface of the Fluid
Fixed Control Volume:
Fixed or Moving Control Volume:
Inflow
Outflow
Deforming Control Volume: Outflow
Deforming Volume
Reynolds Transport Theorem
Fluid flow from the fire extinguisher tank. Discuss
the differences between dBsys / dt and dBcv / dt
4.4.1 Derivation of the Reynolds Theorem
This form is for a fixed non-deforming control volume.
A mass flow rate out/into a control volume requires a
normal velocity component. Why? The tangential velocity component does not bring any substance across the control volume surface as it flows parallel to it, the normal component of velocity brings substance in or out of the control volume according to its sign.
4.4.1 Derivation of the Reynolds Theorem
Typical control volume with more than one inlet
and outlet.
4.4.1 Derivation of the Reynolds Theorem
Outflow across a typical portion of the control surface.
Inflow across a typical portion of the control surface.
4.4.1 Derivation of the Reynolds Theorem
Possible velocity configurations on portions of the
control surface: (a) inflow, (b) no flow across the surface, (c) outflow.
4.4.4 Steady Effects
Steady flow through a control volume.
4.4.5 Unsteady Effects
Unsteady flow through a constant diameter pipe.
4.4.5 Unsteady Effects
Flow through a variable area pipe.
4.4.6 Moving Control Volumes
Typical moving control volume and system.
Typical moving control volume and system.
Relationship between absolute and relative velocities.