STANDARDIZATION

SPECIALIZATION
SIMPLIFICATION

INTRODUCTION
The 3S refer to standardization , specialization and
simplification which are roof top of any product design.
The three process are usually linked together and
develop as a sequence . From a large range of
requirement it is necessary to sort out the essential
features , define terms to meet these essentials.
The process of simplification can be carried out with a
view to reducing the variety of products or materials
that are produced or purchased .
This are economic and engineering process which help
to reduce the wastage of material , reduce cost and
time.

STANDARDIZATION
Standardization is a process of
defining and applying the conditions
necessary to ensure that given range
of requirements can normally be met
with a minimum of variety and in a
reproducible and economic manner
on the basis of the best current
techniques.

Objectives of
standardization
Interchangebility of
parts,components,etc.
Keeping the variety minimum.
Helps to achieve a better control due
to reduced variety.

STANDARDIZATION
PROCEDURE
STEPS INVOLVED
1.With the help of the market
research , sale statistics etc decide
what to sell in future.
2.Then,define a standard range of
products.
3.From the range , ask the designer to
develop minimum variety of
component to match the range.

Advantages
Reduction of waste
Standarization reduces the price
because of economy of scale.
Ease in procurement because of
availability.
Reduction in maintenance and repair
cost.
Reduced effort in book keeping and
accounting.

Examples
Piston industry- standard sizes of
piston are produced for different
products like FEDERAL MOUGAL is
producing the piston for many
industries like maruti , ssangyong as
well large scale manfacturers like
bmw etc.
Nut and bolt industry- standard nut
and bolts are produced so that they
can be easily available in the market

Simplification
A process of reducing types of
products within a definite range.
It is known for variety reduction.
It makes a process much simple.

Features
Simplification is the constant source
of disagreement between the market
department and the production
depaerment.
Simplification removes the
superfluous

ADVANTAGES
Reduce inventories of materials and
component parts.
Reduced investment in plant and
machinery.
Reduced space requirements of
storage.
Ease of planning and control.
Reduction in selling price.
Simplification of inspection and
control.

DISADVANTAGE
Not able to meet the needs of wide
range of customer preferences.
Possibility of loosing orders to
competitors.
Creates a constant source of conflict
between marketing and production.

SPECIALIZATION
A process where in particular firm
concentrate on manufacture of the
limited number of product types.
It is the natural outcome of
simplification and standardization.

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