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Evolutionary
Theory
Jean Baptiste
Lamarck (1744-1829)
The first scientist to
propose a system of
evolution.
Noticed that fossils became more
complex in more recent rock strata.
He believed that there was an internal
drive (or need) towards complexity.
2) UNIVERSAL
CREATIVE FORCE an unconscious striving
in the lower creatures to
become more complex
and more human.
Erasmus Darwin
(1731-1802)
He was Charles
Darwins grandfather.
Suggested that
competition between
individuals could
change species.
Alfred Russell
Wallace (18231913)
Believed to have
developed similar ideas
on evolution and natural
selection at the same time
as Darwin.
Wrote a paper and sent it to Darwin to review.
This spurred Darwin to finally agree to the
release of his theory in The Origin of Species
(1859).
A satirical 1871
image of Charles
Darwin as an
ape reflects part
of the social
controversy over
whether humans
and apes share a
common lineage.