Elements

Of
Communication

Constituents of
Communication

Seven constituents of communication:

Source
Message
Encoding
Channel
Receiver
Decoding
Feedback

Source
Process by which one prepares a
notion to communicate with another
Basis of any communication
Influenced by thoughts, books,
internet, radio, TV and so on.

Message
What is communicated to other
Based on sources idea
But it is drafted and created to meet
the requirements of audience

Encoding
How the message is transmitted or
perceived by the other party
Source encodes the message

Channel
Medium of communication
Can be a piece of paper, email, radio,
book or anything.
Path of communication from sender
to reciever

Receiver
Party receiving the communication.
Can be a person, telephone, pager,
Tv. set or anything who receives
message.

Feedback
Final process of communication
Conveys to the sender that the
message has been well
comprehended by the receiver.

Noise
The other constituent of communication
Obstacle/hinderance in the process of
communication
Like dogs barking while learning in classroom
It cant be reduced 100% but can be avoided.

Completeness
Must create a complete sense to the
receiver
Message should cover all the facts
Sender should take care the mindset of
receiver.
Provides some extra information wherever
required.

Conciseness
Describes the usage of least word for
conveying a message to other
Time and cost saving
Underlines and highlights the main
message as it avoids using excessive
and needless words.

Consideration
Describes stepping into the shoes of
others.
Before sending any message consider
your audience in terms of their:
View point
Background
Mind-set
Education level
Gender

Clarity
Describes focusing on a particular
message
Aim at a particular point of time
Message should be clear and easily
understandable to the recipient

Concreteness
Particular and clear kind of message
No room for misinterpretation
Facts and figures should be very
clear to substantiate whatever the
sender is saying

Courtesy
Tells about the senders expression
and the behavior of receiver
Describes feeling, politeness,
judiciousness, reflectiveness and
enthusiasm in the sender and
receiver of the message

Correctness
Message should be error free.
Exact, correct and well timed in nature.
Helps in improving the confidence level
of the sender.
Checks the precision and accuracy of
facts and figures used in the message.

Diffusion and adoption of

innovations
Process by which an innovation is
communicated through certain
channels, over time, among the
members of a social system.
special type of communication
concerned with the spread of messages
that are perceived as new ideas and
which will necessarily be received with
some degree of uncertainty.

Four main elements in the diffusion of

new ideas are:
Innovation
Communication channels
Time, and
Social system.

Innovation
An idea, practice, or object that is
perceived as new.
as perceived by members of a social
system, determine its rate of
adoption.

Communication channel
The means by which messages get from one
individual to another.
Mass media channels are more effective in
creating knowledge of innovations
Thus in influencing the decision to adopt or
reject a new idea.

Time
Involved in diffusion as in rate of adoption.
This is the relative speed with which an
innovation is adopted by members of a social
system

Social System:
Defined as a set of interrelated units that are
engaged in joint problem solving to accomplish
common goals.
The members or units of a social system may
be individuals, informal groups, organizations,
and/or subsystems.