Mainstreaming Climate Change

Adaptation (CCA) and Disaster Risk

Reduction (DRR) in Local Development
Planning

Philippine Situationer
Countries found closer to the equator have warmer
climates. The Philippines is found right above the
equator.
Areas beside or closer to bodies of water have a
cooler and wetter climate. The Philippines is an
archipelago consisting of 7,107 islands surrounded by
bodies of water.
The geography of the Philippines makes it even more
vulnerable to the impacts of disasters. The Philippines is
located along the typhoon belt. 70% of cities and towns
are in coastal areas (CDKN Global, 2012)
The Philippines is considered one of the most
vulnerable to climate change in Southeast Asia.
The Philippines ranks 2nd in terms of vulnerability and
exposure to natural hazards according to World Risk
Index Report 2014.

Philippine Situationer
Global increase in temperature means more
rainfall, more hot days, and more extreme weather
events.
0.65C increase in temperature from 1951 to 2010
(PAGASA, 2011)
The mean temperature is expected to rise by 0.9C
to 1.1 C in 2020; and 1.8C to 2.2 C in 2050. The
Philippines will have warmer days. Summer time will
experience less rainfall. Rainfall is expected to
increase during the southwest monsoon season.
Climate change will affect coastal and marine,
health, agriculture and food security, water, forestry,
urban infrastructure, gender, energy.
The Philippines practically has all types of hazards:
hydrometeorological, earthquake, volcano, sink holes,
ground subsidence

GOVERNING POLICIES

RA 10121
RA 9729
Sendai Framework for DRR 2015-2030
NDRRMP 2011-2028
Disaster Preparedness Minimum Standards

RA 10121

Section 2 (g). Mainstream disaster risk reduction and

climate change in development processes such as policy
formulation, socioeconomic development planning,
budgeting, and governance, particularly in the areas of
environment, agriculture, water, energy, health,
education, poverty reduction, land-use and urban
planning, and infrastructure and housing, among others

RA 9729

Cognizant of the need to ensure that national and

subnational government policies, plans, programs and
projects are founded upon sound environmental
considerations and the principle of sustainable
development, it is hereby declared the policy of the
State to systematically integrate the concept of climate
change in various phases of policy formulation,
development plans, poverty reduction strategies and
other development tools and techniques by all agencies
and instrumentalities of the government

NDRRMP 2011-2028

NDRRMP 2011-2028
Thematic Area 1: Disaster Prevention and Mitigation
Outcome 1. DRRM and CCA mainstreamed and integrated in national, sectoral,
regional and local development policies, plans and budget

Indicators At the national level, 100% utilization of the 5% agency

budget, dedicated for DRRM and CCA activities
At the LGU level, 100% utilization of the 5% LDRRMF for
the implementation of DRRM-responsive CLUP and CDP
and related activities
DRRM and CCA mainstreamed in various plans (CDP and
CLUP), laws, policies and/or ordinances enacted
Local DRRM Councils and Offices created and functional

Disaster Preparedness Minimum Standards

Structures

Overseeing and implementing organization for DRRM at the local level

as stipulated in RA 10121

Systems and
Policies

Course of actions and guiding principles that need to be in place to

ensure effective implementation of DRRM activities at the local levels

Plans
Data
Requirements

Designs and proposed strategies adopted thru an SP/SB resolution that

detail the LGU DRRM activities. This includes the integration of CC/DRR
into other relevant plans at the local level
Information/data needed to effectively plan and implement DRRM
activities at the local level

Trainings

Educational and instructional requirements to effectively and efficiently

implement DRRM activities

Equipage

Equipment, tools and paraphernalia requirements to adequately prepare

for disasters

Service Delivery

Stocks and services that should be in place for effective disaster

response and recovery

Disaster Preparedness Standards related to local development planning

Plans

Data
Requirements

Mainstream/harmonize CCA-DRR in CLUP and CDP

Zoning Ordinance adoption of plans
Harmonized Local CCA Plan
Resources/Funds for Local DRRMP and Offices integration into the
AIP
Hazard and Risk Maps Science and Community Based
Establish database on:
- basic/minimum information on vulnerable sectors (CBMS)
- lifelines and basic facilities
- list of flood prone and landslide prone brgys
- training providers
- equipment providers
Functional, updated and utilized CBMS in planning, disaster
preparedness and response

Disaster Preparedness Standards related to local development planning

Training

How to utilize GIS with DRR and CCA

Risk assessment
CLUP
CDP (DRR-CCA mainstreamed)
LCCAP
Database Management
LDRRMP (Integrated DRR/CCA)

Mainstreaming Defined

RA 9729

integration of policies and measures that

address climate change into development
planning and sectoral decision-making.

disaster risk analysis and impacts are

integrated and taken into consideration in
the development of policies and plans by
the different agencies, organizations and
sectors

NDRRMP
2011-2028

RATIONALIZED LOCAL PLANNING

SYSTEM
MANDATED PLANNING
STRUCTURES

C
O
M
P
O
N
E
N
T
S

CLUP

PLANNING
MANDATES &
MANDATED
PLANS

CDP

PLANNING PROCESS
PARTICIPATORY,
INCLUSIVE,
CONSULTATIVE

AUTHORITY LEVERS / TOOLS FOR

PLAN IMPLEMENTATION

C
O
M
P
O
N
E
N
T
S

Entry Points for Mainstreaming CCA and DRR

Planning
Structure
Mandated Plans

Database/
Information

Planning
Process

Investment
Program

The Mandated Plans

Local Government Code of 1991

Section 20 (c). The LGUs shall continue to prepare their respective CLUPs enacted
through zoning ordinances, which shall be the primary and dominant bases for the future
of land resources.

Sections 447, 458, 468, RA 7160 Powers of the Sanggunian

Adopt a comprehensive land use plan ...
Enact integrated zoning ordinances in consonance with the approved CLUP ...

The Mandated Plans

Local Government Code of 1991
Section 106. Local Development Councils. (a) Each LGU shall have a comprehensive
multi-sectoral plan to be initiated by its development council and approved by the
Sanggunian the development council at the P/C/M/B level shall assist the
corresponding Sanggunian in setting the direction of economic and social devt, and
coordinating devt efforts within its territorial jurisdiction.

Section 109. Functions of Local Development Councils. (a) The provincial, city,
municipal development councils shall exercise the following functions:
(1) Formulate long-term, medium-term, and annual socioeconomic development plans
and policies;
(2) Formulate the medium-term and annual public investment programs

Section 112. Sectoral or Functional Committees. The local development councils may
form sectoral or functional committees to assist them in the performance of their
functions.

The Mandated Plans

CLUP

CDP

LCCAP

LDRRMP

LOCAL PLANNING STRUCTURE

POLITICAL COMPONENT

LOCAL
DEVELOPMENT
COUNCIL

LOCAL
SANGGUNIAN

TECHNICAL COMPONENT

LOCAL SPECIAL
BODIES

SECTORAL &
FUNCTIONAL
COMMITTEES

LOCAL CHIEF
EXECUTIVE

DEPARTMENT HEADS

PUNONG BARANGAYS*

LPDO

CONGRESSMAN OR
REPRESENTATIVE

NGAs

CSOs/ PSO

PRIVATE SECTOR
REPRESENTATIVES/
CSOs

* In case of the City/municipality; members of the Sanggunian in case of the Barangays; mayors in case of
the Province

The Planning Team

Chairperson

Planning Core
Group

Technical Working
Group

National Level
Advisors

The Planning Team

Chairperson

Mayor

Vice-Mayor
(Vice-Chair)

The Planning Team

Overall committee responsible for coordinating all technical and administrative activities in
the preparation of CLUP, CDP, and derivative plans
Coordinate planning activities
Draft and consolidate the contents of the plans

The Planning Team

Conduct sectoral/cross-sectoral analysis, validation and report generation/preparation

Conduct surveys, consultations, meetings, workshops
Integrate/finalize studies, research findings, and consultation/survey outputs

The Planning Team

* If applicable

The Planning Team

The Planning Process

Climate and
Disaster Risk
Assessment

Information/Database

Information Requirements
Ecological Profile
Maps: Base/Land Use Maps, Hazard/Risk
Maps
Climate Change Projections
Historical Records of Past Disasters

Ecological Profile
Population and Social Services
Local Economy
Infrastructure and Physical Base
Environment and Natural Resources
Institutional Capacity
Hazard Information

Ecological Profile
Ecological Profile (EP) a merger of the socioeconomic and
biophysical profiles of the study area and treats these subjects on equal
footing
to help LGUs determine:
1. current level of services to its constituents
2. resources available
3. environmental factors which will affect policy
and to which policy it is expected to bring
changes
to identify problem situations affecting the target
or specific segments of the population

Climate and Hazard Information

Types of Information

Source

Flood, Rain-Induced Landslides, and other

Geologic Hazard Maps

Mines and Geosciences Bureau

(MGB)

Flood, Landslide and Storm Surge Multihazard Maps

DOST-Project NOAH

Earthquake: Active Fault, Earthquake-Induced DOST-PHIVOLCS

Landslides, Ground Rupture, Ground Shaking,
Liquefaction, Tsunami
Hydrometeorological (Temperature, Rainfall)

DOST-PAGASA

Base Maps, READY project multi-hazard

maps

NAMRIA

Climate Projections

DOST-PAGASA

Historical Records of Past Disasters

LGU

Maps

Ideal scale 1:10,000 or 1:5,000 if available

If smaller than 1:10,000 (i.e. 1:50,000 and above), LGUs should do
further ground validation during climate and disaster risk assessment.

Preparing your Comprehensive Land Use Plan (CLUP)

Prepare or update your CLUP using

HLURBs CLUP Guidebooks
Volume I
(Planning
Process)

Volume II
(Sectoral
Planning and
Tools for
Analysis)

Volume III (The

Model Zoning
Ordinance)

Supplemental
Guidelines on
Mainstreaming
Climate and
Disaster Risks
in CLUP)

Preparing your Comprehensive Development Plan (CDP)

Scenario 1 : With enhanced CLUP (DRR-CCA mainstreamed)

Build on from the situational analysis done during

the CLUP preparation.
Prepare CDP.
Derive LDRRMP and LCCAP.
Include DRR/CCA PPAs in the Local Development
Investment Program (LDIP) and Annual Investment
Plan (AIP)

Preparing your Comprehensive Development Plan (CDP)

Scenario 2 : With Updated CLUP (CCA/DRR not
mainstreamed) or Outdated CLUP

Revisit CLUP. Update CLUP using HLURBs enhanced

CLUP Guidebooks together with the Supplemental
Guidelines.
If LGU has conducted other forms of risk and vulnerability
assessment, utilize the results in the
preparation/updating of the CDP. Otherwise, conduct
CDRA following HLURBs Supplemental Guidelines.
Prepare CDP (may be done parallel with CLUP updating).
Derive LDRRMP and LCCAP.
Include DRR/CCA PPAs in the Local Development
Investment Program (LDIP) and Annual Investment Plan
(AIP)

Preparing your Comprehensive Development Plan (CDP)

Scenario 3 : Without CLUP

Prepare CLUP using enhanced CLUP Guidebooks

together with Supplemental Guidelines.
Prepare CDP (may be done parallel with CLUP
preparation).
Derive LDRRMP and LCCAP.
Include DRR/CCA PPAs in the Local Development
Investment Program (LDIP) and Annual Investment
Plan (AIP)

Planning Principles to Consider

Vertical Alignment of Plans

Provincial Development and Physical

Framework Plan

City/Municipal Comprehensive Development Plan

Planning Principles to Consider

Ridge-to-Reef Approach
is a wholistic approach in planning
that focuses not only on the
terrestrial but the coastal ecosystem
as well. It aims to address threats in
the uplands, lowlands and coastal
areas in an integrated way

Inter-LGU collaboration

Section 3 (f). Local government

units may group themselves,
consolidate or coordinate their
efforts, services, and resources
for purposes commonly beneficial
to them;

Planning Principles to Consider

The Role of the Province
Section 468 (a). The Sangguniang Panlalawigan shall enact ordinances, approve
resolutions and appropriate funds for the general welfare of the province and its
inhabitants pursuant to Section 16., and shall:
(1) Approve ordinances and pass resolutions necessary for an efficient and effective
provincial government and, in this connection, shall:
(i) Review all ordinances approved by the Sanggunians of component cities and
municipalities and executive orders issued by the mayors of said component units to
determine whether these are within the scope of the prescribed powers of the
Sanggunian and of the mayor

Section 468 (2vii). Review the comprehensive land use plans and zoning ordinances of
component cities and municipalities and adopt a comprehensive provincial land use plan,
subject to existing laws

Planning Principles to Consider

The Role of the Province

review the CDP of its component cities and municipalities to ensure

consistency with these principles and considerations and advise
them of their significant findings for their consideration

LONG TERM
FRAMEWORK PLAN
IMPLEMENTATION
INSTRUMENTS
MULTI-YEAR MULTISECTORAL DEVELOPMENT
PLAN

IMPLEMENTATION
INSTRUMENTS

COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN (CLUP)

SETTLEMENT
POLICIES

ZONING ORDINANCE

PRODUCTION
LAND POLICIES

INFRASTRUCTURE
POLICIES

OTHER REGULATORY MEASURES

COMPREHENSIVE DEVELOPMENT PLAN (CDP)

SOCIAL

ECONOMIC

LOCAL DEVELOPMENT
INVESTMENT
PROGRAM

INFRA

ENVI. MGT.

LEGISLATIVE
REQUIREMENTS

INSTITUTIONAL

CAPACITY
DEVELOPMENT
PROGRAM

EXECUTIVE & LEGISLATIVE AGENDA (ELA)

TERM BASED AGENDA

IMPLEMENTATION
INSTRUMENTS

PROTECTION
LAND POLICIES

ANNUAL
INVESTMENT
PROGRAM

The Planning Model

3-YEAR CAPACITY
DEVELOPMENT
PROGRAM
ANNUAL BUDGET

3-YEAR
LEGISLATIVE
AGENDA

Financing your DRR/CCA PPAs

20% Development Fund

At least 5% LDRRM Fund
Peoples Survival Fund
Grants/loans

Role of Stakeholders
Sources of
information

Policy

Development

National
Government
Agencies

Capacity
Building
Programs

Technical
Assistance
to LGUs

Role of Stakeholders
Department of Interior and
Local Government (DILG)

Formulate a review mechanism to ensure

that DRR and CCA are mainstreamed in
the CDP
Formulate the guidelines/guidebook on
mainstreaming CCA and DRR into the
CDP
Organize Composite Teams at the
Regional Level that will assist LGUs in
mainstreaming CCA and DRR in local
development planning

Climate Change Commission

(CCC)

Review climate change expenditure

tagged AIPs

Office of Civil Defense (OCD

Formulate a review mechanism to ensure

quality of LDRRMP

Role of Stakeholders
Local Resource Institutions/
Academe

Service providers for risk mapping, risk

and vulnerability assessment
Ecological profiling
Scientific advisors

Civil Society Organizations

Capacity building on DRR-CCA-related

concerns
Data generation
Raising the quality of analytics by
partnering with the LGUs in database
enhancement

Role of Local Governments

Lead in promoting the general welfare of the

inhabitants, effective delivery of basic services and
facilities and the performance of their mandate
roles in RA 10121 and RA 9729
Front liner in DRR and CCA