Intelligent Buildings

- a short overview
Kjeld Svidt
November 2002

Kjeld Svidt, Aalborg

What ?
Example
http://www.letsautomate.com/

Kjeld Svidt, Aalborg

What is an intelligent building?

Intelligent buildings are buildings that through their physical
design and IT installations are responsive, flexible and
adaptive to changing needs from its users and the
organisations that inhabit the building during it's life time. The
building will supply services for its inhabitants, its
administration and operation & maintenance. The intelligent
building will accomplish transparent 'intelligent' behaviour,
have state memory, support human and installation systems
communication, and be equipped with sensors and actuators.
Per Christiansson (2000)

Kjeld Svidt, Aalborg

Intelligent building characteristics (1)

1. be flexible and responsive to different usage and environmental contexts
such as office, home, hotel, and industry invoking different kinds of loads
from nature, people, and building systems,
2. be able to change states (clearly defined) with respect to functions and
user demands over time and building spaces (easy to program and reprogram during use)
3. support human communication (between individuals and groups)
4. provide transparent intelligence and be simple and understandable to the
users (support ubiquitous computers and networks)

Per Christiansson (2000)

Kjeld Svidt, Aalborg

Intelligent building characteristics (2)

5. have a distributed long term and short term memory
6. contain tenant, O&M, and administration service systems
7. support introduction of new (sometimes not yet defined) services
8. be equipped with sensors (stationary and mobile) for direct or indirect input
and manipulation of signals from users, systems and the building structure
9. be equipped with actuators for direct or indirect manipulation installations
and the building structure

Per Christiansson (2000)

Kjeld Svidt, Aalborg

Intelligent building characteristics (3)

10.accomplish 'intelligent' behaviour (self diagnosis, trigger actions on certain
events and even learn from use)
11.integrate different IBI systems to form complex systems
12.contain IBI life time standardized solutions as far as possible
13.be well documented (in 3D with functional descriptions) available in Virtual
Reality with physical structure overlay

Per Christiansson (2000)

Kjeld Svidt, Aalborg

Intelligent building characteristics (4)

14.provide canalization (information roads) that shall house 'wires' carrying
new services
15.be able to handle high band width information transfer.
16.provide dynamic secure information domains (i.e not based on a nonrouted Ethernet in a residential block)
17.be open to efficient communication between applications based on for
example XML implementations (Christiansson 1998), and platform
independent solutions as Jini on Java Virtual Machines, (see http://
www.sun.com/jini )

Per Christiansson (2000)

Kjeld Svidt, Aalborg

Intelligent Building history (1)

1980
Yoneji Masuda writes the book 'Information Sociey' about changes in
society, infornation and knowledge industries, participatory democracy,
examples from Japan.

1982
AT&T establish the concept "INTELLIGENT BUILDINGS" due to
marketing reasons.
The INFORMART building is erected in Dallas

1984-85
The Smart House Development USA (NAtional Association of Home
Builders, NAHB).
'Automated Buildings', 'High Tech. Buildings', 'Smart Houses'.
STS, Shared Tenants Services (using PABX, private automatic branch
exchange, is an automatic telephone switching system within a private
enterprise)--->
CSM, Communication Service Management.

Kjeld Svidt, Aalborg

Intelligent Building history (2)

1986: Seminar in Lund
man/machine environment poor
lack of knowledge
information vulnerability
flexibility requirements
no holistic problems view
coordination and procurement forms not
adequate
lack of standards

Kjeld Svidt, Aalborg

Intelligent Building history (3)

1987
N.Y. Times "I.B. is a dumb idea".
1990
LonWorks technology work starts
1999
Bluetooth wireless communication
LonWorks use

Home Automation, 15%

Industry Automation, 35%
Building Automation, 35%
Transport, etc.., 15%

Kjeld Svidt, Aalborg

Systems
Traditional systems
proprietary systems
complex cabling

Fieldbus systems
reduced cabling
standardisation
higher accuracy

Kjeld Svidt, Aalborg

Fieldbus examples

LON
CAN
Profibus
Fieldbus Foundation
P-net
ASI
Interbus
Kjeld Svidt, Aalborg

Major IBI systems in DK

LON (Local Operating Network)
EIB (European Installation Bus)
IHC (Intelligent House Control)
Other systems
BAC-net (Building Automation and Control Network
TCP/IP

Kjeld Svidt, Aalborg

LON Technology
LonTalk protocol
optimised for control networks

Neuron Chip
microprocessor with integrated network
support

Other
network transceivers
routers
software
Kjeld Svidt, Aalborg

The LON Neuron

Kjeld Svidt, Aalborg

The LON House

Kjeld Svidt, Aalborg

LONWorks Advantages
Scalable system
Plug and play devices

Distributed intelligence
Peer to peer communication
Many physical transmission media
supported
Free topology (Ref: Hertel 2002)
Kjeld Svidt, Aalborg