Nonisolated High Step-Up DCDC

Converters Adopting Switched-Capacitor

Cell
PRESENTED BY

ABSTRACT
In a photovoltaic (PV)- or fuel-cell-based grid connected
power system, a high step-up dcdc converter is required to
boost the low voltage of a PV or fuel cell to a relatively high
bus

voltage

for

the

downstream

dcac

grid-connected

inverter. To integrate the advantages of the high voltage

gain of a switched-capacitor (SC) converter and excellent
output regulation of a switching-mode dcdc converter, a
method

of

combining

the

two

types

of

converters

is

proposed in this paper. The basic idea is that when the

switch is turned on, the inductor is charged, and the
capacitors are connected in series to supply the load, and
when the switch is turned off, the inductor releases energy

INTRODUCTION
THE mass usage of traditional fossil energy has
adversely affected the environment on a global
scale, such as environmental pollution and
greenhouse effect. Meanwhile, there has been a
growing demand for energy with the development
of society. Since traditional fossil energy is not
renewable, it is faced with the problem of energy
shortage. Therefore, it is necessary to develop new
energy that is clean and renewable to replace
traditional fossil energy. Solar energy and
hydrogen energy are promising, and photovoltaic
(PV) and fuel cell power generation as the
utilization method of the two new energy types
have been applied on a large scale.

PROPOSED SYSTEM
The proposed system is Based on the respective merits of the SC converter

and the switching-mode dcdc converter, a new method of combination of

the SC converter and switching-mode dcdc converter has been proposed.
The combination approach is that when the switch is turned off, the energy

stored in the inductor is released to charge the multiple capacitors in parallel

whose voltages are controlled by a pulse width modulation technique; when
the switch is turned on, the capacitors are in series to supply the load.
Thus, the voltage gain of the dcdc converter is increased. The operating

mode of a high step-up dcdc converter adopting an SC cell proposed in this

paper was analyzed, and an experiment was conducted. The results indicate
that the converters proposed in this paper can steadily operate and that the
performance is good.

SC structure with a single inductor

energy storage cell. (a) Boost. (b)
Buckboost.

Operating Principle
when the inductor current is continuous, there
exist two operating modes for a high step-up
converter with SIESC-SCs derived from the
boost converter. The topological equivalent
circuits are shown. When Q is conducting, as
shown in, the input voltage source charges the
inductor. Meanwhile, C2 is in series with C1 to
supply the load through Q. When Q is turned off,
as shown.the inductor charges C1 and C2 in
parallel, and the load is powered by Cf . Since
the two SCs in series when Q is conducting are
both the boost capacitors, the voltage gain is

Boost Inductor L:
The boost inductor is designed to limit the maximum current ripple to
20% of the maximum average inductor current. When Po = 100 W and
Vg = 25 V, the average inductor current is the largest, i.e., IL_max = 4
A. Then, the ripple current is iL = 0.8 A.

SCs C2 and C3:

In the above analysis, the SC is regarded as a voltage source. In fact,
there exists a small voltage ripple at the switching frequency on the
capacitor. When the switch is on, the sum of voltages of C2 and C3 and
the voltage
is slightly larger than the output voltage.
Output
Filtersource
Capacitor
Considering the high stepup dcdc converter is cascaded with a singlephase inverter, the voltage ripple is limited to 1% of the output voltage

EXPERIMENT VERIFICATION
The high step-up converter with SIESC-SCs derived from
Type-I boost/buckboost-based converter as shown in Fig.
4 has a simple circuit configuration and a high voltage
gain. Therefore, it is taken as the example to verify the
effectiveness

of

the

proposed

high

step-up

dcdc

converters adopting an SC cell. A 100-W output prototype

is

fabricated

in

the

laboratory

with

the

following

specifications: input voltage Vg: 2545 Vdc; output voltage

Vo: 380 Vdc. The switching frequency s is 100 kHz.

SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS
MATLAB 7.14 [2012a]

HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS
Power MOSFET

IRF840
Driver IC
:
IR2112
Capacitor
:
470uF (25V) ; 1000uF
Controller
:
PIC16F877A
Regulators
:
LM7805 ; LM7812
Diodes
:
1N4000 ; 1N5408
Inductors
:
100uH ; 200uH; 1mH