FOUNDATION REPAIR AND

STRENGTHENING

FOUNDATION

Most important part of a building

Direct contact with ground

Loads are transmitted to the ground

Excessive and unequal settlement

Failures are not noticeable

FUNCTIONS OF FOUNDATION

Transmit the loads from a building to soil

Reduction of load intensity

Even distribution of loads

Provision of level surface

Lateral stability

Safety against under mining

FOUNDATION FAILURES

Unequal settlements of subsoil

Unequal settlement of masonry

Subsoil moisture movement

Lateral pressure on wall

Weathering of subsoil due to trees and shrubs

Lateral movement of subsoil

FOUNDATION REPAIR

Foundation stabilization

Restoring a foundation to its original constructed position

Correct repair is critical

Methods depends upon

the failure problems and its

environment

Crack and settlement repairs

REPAIR METHODS
EPOXY & POLYURETHANE INJECTION

Crack repairing methods-injection pressure systems

Depends on the type of crack and conditions present

Epoxy-Hair line cracks and polyurethane-wider cracks

Epoxy long term effective due to high strength bond

Polyurethane foam economical due to expanding nature

Leaking or wet cracks

DRILLED PIERS

It is also called bell bottom pier method

Settlement repair method

Foundation support system

A hole is excavated in soil and a shaft is inserted into it

Steel reinforcement is placed in the shaft

Redimix is placed in the hole and vibrated

PRESSED PILES

Series of precast concrete and steel piles

A hydraulic press is used to force the segments in to previous

using weight of the home as the driving force until its stops
going down

Pressed steel piles are better

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MUDJACKING

Adjust the elevation of foundation by lifting the

sunken concrete

Cost effective way

Drilling 2 inch core holes through the top

Pumping the grout to the voids below concrete

Solidified and provide a base for concrete

Grout composed of sand , fly ash and cement

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FOUNDATION STRENGTHENING

Alterations in serviceability of the buildings

Existence of some errors in calculating the loads

Necessity of additional foundation structure for added floors

The soil under foundation has undergone significant uneven

deformation

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STRENGTHENING METHODS
STRENGTHENING WITH JACKETS

Excavating around the footing

Cleaning and roughening the concrete surface

Installing steel dowels in footing and column

Installing the new steel bars

Coating the surface with epoxy

Pouring the concrete jacket

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UNDERPINNING
Enlarging

the base or increasing the depth of existing

foundation by underpinning with

additional structural

elements below it
Three

types
1. Mass concrete underpinning
2. Beam and base underpinning
3.Mini-pile underpinning

Mass concrete underpinning

Traditional method

Foundation build under existing foundation

Digging box holes under foundation and pour concrete in to

it

Applied for shallow depth foundations

Heavy machinery not needed

Use shovels and hole diggers

Simple and low cost method

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Beam and base underpinning

Advanced
A

adaptation of of mass concrete method

reinforced beam constructed above or below the

existing footing
Beam

transfer the loads to the mass base concrete

Base

size and depth depends upon the ground

conditions
Beam

design on the basis of the building loads

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Mini-piled underpinning

In extremely complicated cases

Piles are placed below or either side of the

foundation

A reinforced concrete needle beam is provide

through walls used to connect the piles

Length, number, diameter and spacing of the pile

-soil properties and load on the foundation

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