Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
en el Procesamiento de
Minerales
Robert Maron
Paul Rothman
Christian OKeefe, PhD
16 Junio 2008
CiDRA Corp, EEUU
1
84 employees
Privately held
June 2008
[2]
2008
2007
2005
2004
2001
2000
1999
June 2008
[3]
BOLIVIA
Apex Silver, San Cristobal
PERU
Antamina
Cerro Verde
Tintaya
MEXICO
Arcelor Mittal, Lazaro Cardenas
Arcelor Mittal, Volcan
Hercules Minosa
Penasquitos (M3 Eng)
Ternium Hylsa, Las Encinas
VENEZUELA
CVG Bauxilum
Canada
Ireland
United States
Jamaica
Mexico
Venezuela
Ghana
Australia
Peru
Chile
Brazil
Madagascar
Argentina
Tecnolgia Sonar
Como aparece?
Flujmetro SONAR
funcionamiento con remolinos turbulentos
arreglo de sensores
Perfil de
velocidad,
flujo
turbulento
Amplificadores
1. Flujo turbulento produce estructuras vorticales que se convectan con el flujo
2.
3.
4.
Flujmetro SONAR
funcionamiento con remolinos turbulentos
L
L sensores
L
L
L
Arreglo
de
Amplificadores
y
Digitalizadores
T T T T T T T
L = velocidad
T
8
Flujmetro SONAR
Flujo
Corecentro-anular
annular flow
Amplificadores
Amplifiers
and
y
Digitizers
digitalilzadores
Velocity
flujo
Flowde
Velocity
10000
1000
100
10
0%
2%
4%
6%
8%
10%
1.
2.
3.
4.
10
Classification Optimization
The
Theclassification
classificationstage
stageofofclosed
closedgrinding
grindingcircuits
circuitsisisusually
usuallythe
themost
mostimportant
important
factor
factorcontrolling
controllingcircuit
circuitperformance,
performance,measured
measuredas
asthroughput
throughputand/or
and/orfinal
finalproduct
product
size.
size. Poor
Poorcyclone
cycloneperformance
performanceisisthe
thecommonest
commonestcause
causeof
ofgrinding
grindinginefficiencies.
inefficiencies.
Consequently,
Consequently,optimization
optimizationof
ofcyclone
cycloneperformance
performanceisisoften
oftenthe
thebest
bestand
andeasiest
easiestway
way
ofofimproving
JKMRC, Mineral Comminution Circuits, JKMRC 2005
improvingthe
thegrind
grindand/or
and/orthroughput.
throughput.
JKMRC, Mineral Comminution Circuits, JKMRC 2005
Comminution
Classification
Flotation
11
90%
90%
10000
85%
85%
9500
80%
80%
9000
75%
75%
8500
70%
70%
8000
65%
65%
7500
60%
60%
7000
55%
55%
Pump Power %
Pump Power %
SONARtrac
Pump
Power %
Magmeter
Magmeter
50%
50%
45%
45%
40%
40%
7/25/2005
7/25/2005
4:48
4:48
7/25/2005
7/25/2005
7:12
7:12
7/25/2005
7/25/2005
9:36
9:36
7/25/2005
7/25/2005
7/25/2005
12:00
12:00
12:00
Pump Power %
Pump Power %
Comparacin: potencia de
bomba con flujmetros sonar y
electromagnetico
6500
6000
5500
5000
7/25/2005
7/25/2005
14:24
14:24
12
13
14
longitud ~ 26 km
desnivel ~ 500m
Distancia entre flujmetros sonar
~26 km
Bomba desplazamiento positivo, alta presin 110 bar)
15
16
17
18
0%
-5%
SGmix = 1.2
SGmix = 1.4
SGmix = 1.6
SGmix = 1.8
SGmix = 2
SGmix = 2.2
-10%
-15%
-20%
-25%
-30%
-35%
0%
2%
4%
6%
8%
10%
19
24
30
31
32
2.0 m/s
1.4 m/s
33
34
35
Deteccin de
Sedimentacin
resultados de pruebas en
terreno
MILD VELOCITY PROFILE.xls
37
Interface Box
Ultrasonic Pulser/Receiver
and Signal Processor
Inner Surface
of Pipe
Protective Cover
39
One of the largest single expense is associated with pipe wear and pipe wall
thickness measurements.
Annual spend is approximately $8 - $15 million and growing as plants expand
Labor intensive
Measurements are highly variable
Timeliness is a key issue
Data collection and translation often is compiled too late for predictive modeling and
action
Related Issues
Accessibility: High cost of maintaining scaffolding
When location is inaccessible; e.g. sand-out, ice on line, lack ofscaffolding,
points go unmeasured or are guest-imated
High cost of steel and labor
Operating Imperatives
Rotating pipes or changing out pipes before hole-out occurs: Preventing
unscheduled shutdowns
Get the most rotations and life out of pipe. (Rising cost of steel)
40
Medicin de espesor de
pared
TML035 T1 (300BLD)
42
43