Introduction to Cloud

Computing
Dr. Rodrigo Calheiros
rnc@unimelb.edu.au

Introduction to Cloud Computing

Agenda
Introduction
Cloud Computing
Examples
Conclusion

Introduction

Introduction to Cloud Computing

The Next Revolution in IT

The Big Switch in IT
Every 18 months?

Classical Computing
Buy & Own

Hardware,
System Software,
Applications often to
meet peak needs.

Install, Configure, Test,

Verify
Manage
..
Finally, use it
$$$$....$(High CapEx)

Cloud Computing
Subscribe
Use

$ - pay for what you

use, based on QoS

Cloud Computing

Introduction to Cloud Computing

Cloud Computing
Definition

Cloud Computing
The
The Cloud
Cloud is
is the
the
default
default symbol
symbol of
of the
the
Internet
Internet in
in diagrams.
diagrams.

The
The broader
broader term
term of
of
Computing
Computing encompasses:
encompasses:
-- Computation
Computation
-- Coordination
Coordination logic
logic
-- Storage
Storage

Cloud
Cloud Computing
Computing is
is about
about moving
moving
computing
computing from
from the
the single
single desktop
desktop pc/data
pc/data
centers
to
commercial
service
providers
centers to commercial service providers on
on
the
Internet.
the Internet.

Introduction to Cloud Computing

Cloud Computing
Essential characteristics:

On-demand self service

Broad network access
Resource pooling
Rapid elasticity
Measured service

Extras
Pay-per-use
SLA
Distribution

Introduction to Cloud Computing

Cloud Computing
Service Models
SaaS

What do we make available through

Internet?
Office
Office Applications,
Applications, CRM,
CRM, EE-

mail,
mail, Media,
Media, Gaming
Gaming

SalesForce.com
Google Docs

PaaS
Heroku
Microsoft Azure

IaaS
Amazon EC2, S3
Joyent, Rightscale

Development
Development Platforms,
Platforms,
Runtime
Runtime environments
environments for
for
applications,
applications, APIs
APIs

Virtual
Virtual servers,
servers, virtual
virtual storage,
storage,
and
networking
and networking

Introduction to Cloud Computing

Cloud Computing
Deployment models
Public Clouds: The cloud infrastructure is made
available to the general public or a large industry
group and is owned by an organization selling cloud
services.
Private Clouds: The cloud infrastructure is
operated solely for an organization. It may be
managed by the organization or a third party and
may exist on premise or off premise.
Community Clouds: Available to members of a
community.
Hybrid Clouds: Composition of the above models.

Introduction to Cloud Computing

Cloud Computing
Advantages:

No capacity planning
No upfront commitment
Elastic infrastructure
Ease of management

Introduction to Cloud Computing

Cloud Computing
Threats and negative sides?
Security & Confidentiality

Performance
Vendor lock-in

Is
Is the
the cloud
cloud really
really fast?
fast?
Can
Can the
the cloud
cloud be
be efficient
efficient for
for my
my applications?
applications?
Can
Can it
it deliver
deliver the
the performance
performance II paid
paid for?
for?

Can
Can II afford
afford to
to move
move to
to aa proprietary
proprietary platform?
platform?
Are
Are there
there any
any standards?
standards?

Examples

Introduction to Cloud Computing

Amazon AWS
Solutions in various service models
IaaS: EC2, S3, ELB, AutoScaler
PaaS: Elastic Beanstalk, EMR
SaaS: CloudSearch, Elastic Transcoder

Other services:
Networking: DNS, CDN
Data bases: Relational, no-SQL,
memcache
Scripted deployment...

Introduction to Cloud Computing

Introduction to Cloud Computing

EC2 Pricing (worst case)

Type
Standard Small
Standard Medium
Standard Large
Standard Extra Large
High-Memory Extra Large
High-Memory Double Extra Large
High-Memory Quadruple Extra Large
High-CPU Medium
High-CPU Extra Large
Cluster Quadruple Extra Large
Eight Extra Large

U$ per
hour

Ratio
Compute
Compute Virtual
Memory
to
Unit/
Units
Cores
(GB)
Small
Core

Disk
(GB)

Addr.
(bits)

0,115
0,230

1
2

1,7

3,75

160 32/64
410 32/64

0,460
0,920
0,680
1,360
2,720
0,230
0,920
-----

4
8
5,9
14,1
28,2
2
8
15,3
28,2

4
8
6,5
13
26
5
20
33,5
88

2
4
2
4
8
2
8
16
32

2
2
3,25
3,25
3,25
2,5
2,5
2,09
2,75

7,5
15
17,1
34,2
68,4
1,7
7
23
60,5

850 64
1690 64
420 64
850 64
1690 64
350 32/64
1690 64
1690 64
1690 64

1 Amazon Compute Unit = power of a Xeon/Opteron 2007 1.0-1.2 GHz

Introduction to Cloud Computing

Heroku

Load balancing
Management
Monitoring

Introduction to Cloud Computing

Heroku pricing
Number of web servers (per hour)
Number of application services (per
hour)
Database (per month)

Type
Number of connections
Cache size
Processing capacity

Introduction to Cloud Computing

Aneka: The Cloud Application Platform (CAP) for Resource-Intensive

Apps
(Available as a Manjrasoft Product)

Lightweight Container hosting

multiple services.
All programming models
available from within the same
container (unlike others)
SDK containing APIs for
multiple programming
models and tools
Runtime Environment for
managing application
execution management
Suitable for
Development of Enterprise
Cloud Applications
Cloud enabling legacy applications

Multiple Applications
Thread

Task

...

MapReduce

1. SDK

Aneka

2. Runtime
Multi-core Cluster
2100

2100

2100

2100

2100

2100

2100

2100

Grid

Cloud

Portability for Customer Apps:

Enterprise Public Clouds
.NET/Win Mono/Linux

Multiple Infrastructures

Introduction to Cloud Computing

Aneka
Lightweight Container
hosting multiple services.
All programming models
available from within the
same container (unlike
others)
SDK containing APIs for Paten
multiple programming t
models and tools
(PCT)
Runtime Environment for
managing application
execution management
Suitable for
Development of Enterprise
Cloud Applications
Cloud enabling legacy
applications

Portability for Customer

Apps:

Enterprise Public Clouds

.NET/Win Mono/Linux

Introduction to Cloud Computing

Aneka as a Cloud Application

Platform
Application
s
& Services

Application Development

Bag of Tasks

Dist. Threads

MapReduce

Cloud Middleware
Platform

SLA & QoS

User
Management

Aneka
Scheduling
& Execution

Infrastructu
re

Datacenters

Clusters

Application
Management

Monitoring

Dynamic
Provisioning

Billing

Desktop PCs

Public Clouds

Introduction to Cloud Computing

Aneka Support for InterCloud / Federation

of Resource Pools
XenServer Pool
Aneka + Xen
Server private
Cloud

VMWare Pool

Aneka + VMWare
private Cloud

Executors
Executor

Executor

Scheduler

private enterprise
network
internet

Private
Cloud

publicly available resources

(physical and virtual)

Scheduler

Amazon EC2 Pool

Aneka + public
EC2

Windows Azure
Aneka + public
Azure

Client Libraries

VPN
(virtual resources)

Executors/Schedulers
Public Cloud

Introduction to Cloud Computing

Cloud applications
Scientific/Tech Applications
Business Applications
Consumer/Social Applications

Science and Technical Applica

Business Applications
Consumer/Social Applications

Conclusion

Introduction to Cloud Computing

Open challenges
Privacy & Trust
Protection of Data
Cloud-based Security Threats

Data Center Management

Energy Efficient Computing
Virtualization Formats

Virtualizati
Virtualizati
on
on

Security
Security
Billing, pricing,
Service Level Agreement,
Quality of Service

Market-Oriented
Market-Oriented
Computing
Computing
Interoperability
Exchange Formats
Reference Models

Standardization
Standardization

Elasticity & Scalability

Provisioning on Demand
Service Integration

Application
Application
Development
Development
Organizational aspects
Legislation
Social aspects ..

And
And more..
more..

Introduction to Cloud Computing

Cloudbus @CLOUDS Lab:

Melbourne Cloud Computing Initiative
Market-Oriented Clouds

SLA-based Resource Management

Global Cloud Exchange

Aneka .NET-based Cloud Application Platform

PaaS for Enterprise and Public Clouds

InterCloud - Scaling Across Clouds (Meta Brokering)

Federation of clouds for application scaling and reliability

3rd Party Cloud Services (e.g., MetaCDN)

Content Delivery Networks using different vendors Storage Clouds

Workflow Engine for Cloud Computing

Scheduling applications with multiple interlinked tasks and dependencies

Green Clouds / Data Centers

Energy Efficient and QoS Oriented Resource Allocation

CloudSim: Toolkit for Simulation of Clouds

Evaluation of resource management policies & algorithms

IoT (Internet of Things) for Smart Cities

Introduction to Cloud Computing

Summary
Several Computing Paradigms have promised
to deliver Computing Utilities vision:
Cloud Computing is the most recent kid in the block
promising to turn vision into reality
Many exciting business and consumer applications

Many public providers offering a variety of

services
Aneka is a rapidly emerging as a platform for:
Building Clouds and their Apps rapidly reducing the
cost/time of application Software Engineering.
Already used in engineering, life science, gaming, and
business intelligence applications.

Questions?
Contact:
Dr. Rodrigo Calheiros
rnc@unimelb.edu.au
Room 7.13 DmD Building
CIS Department

www.cloudbus.org