SIEMENS

INTRODUCTION TO PLC

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Objectives
- Know PLC History & Advantage.
- Know What Is PLC? & Why It Is Used?

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PLC HISTORY
Programmable Logic Controller (PLC),
The advent of the PLC began in the 1970s,
and has become the most common choice
for manufacturing controls.

PLC Advantage
Cost effective for controlling complex
systems.
Flexible and can be reapplied to control
other systems quickly and easily.
Computational abilities allow more
complicated control.
Trouble shooting aids make programming
easier and reduce downtime.
Reliable components make these likely to
operate for years before failure.

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SIMATIC PRODUCT
OVERVIEW

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Objectives
- Overview On Simatic S7 Product.
- Familiar With S7-200, S7-300 & S7-400.
- Different Between Siemens Programming Device.

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SIMATIC PRODUCT OVERVIEW

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SIMATIC OVERVIEW
Operating Panel

PG

PC Panel

MPI
Ethernet
ProfiBus

S7-200

S7-300

S7-400

SIMATIC NET
ProfiBus
DP
Bus System

DP Slaves

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DP/PA

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Bus System

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SIMATIC S7-200
The micro PLC that offers maximum automation at
minimum cost.
Extremely simple installation, programming and
operation.
Large-scale integration, space-saving, powerful.
Can be used both for simple and complex
automation tasks.

CPUs

Suitable for applications where programmable

controllers would not have been economically viable
in the past.
With powerful communication options (PPI,
PROFIBUS DP, AS-Interface)
Digital inputs/outputs to supplement the onboard
I/Os of the CPUs
EM 277: For connecting S7-22x to PROFIBUS DP
and MPI
EM 253: Function modules for simple positioning
tasks (1 axis)
EM 231: For user-friendly, high precision
temperature detection

DI/DO

AI/AO

EM 277 PROFIBUS DP EM 253 positioning

module
module

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EM 231 thermocouple
module

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SIMATIC S7-300
CPU 313C-2 DP
The compact CPU with integrated digital I/Os
and PROFIBUS DP master/slave interface.
CPU 315-2 DP
The CPU with medium to large program
memory, High processing performance in
binary and floating-point arithmetic,
PROFIBUS DP master/slave interface.
CPU 319-3 PN/DP
The CPU with high command processing
performance, large program memory and
quantity framework for demanding
applications, Used as central controller in
production lines with central and distributed
I/O on PROFIBUS and PROFINET.
CPU 317T-2 DP
The CPU with integrated technology/motion
control functionality, For multi-sector
automation tasks in the construction of
series machines, special machines and
plants.

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CPU 319-3 PN/DP

CPU 317T-2 DP

CPU 313C-2 DP

CPU 315-2 DP

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SIMATIC S7-300
CPU S7-300
Signal Modules:
Digital input modules
Digital output module
Analog input modules
Analog output modules

Interface Modules:

CPU

IM

DI

DO

AI

AO

FM

CP

The IM360/IM361 and IM365

make multi-tier configurations possible.

Function Module (FM)

- Counting
- Positioning
- Closed-loop control.

Communication Processors (CP)

- Point-to-Point connections
- PROFIBUS
- Industrial Ethernet.

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Training Unit Hardware

CPU 313C-2 DP:
The compact CPU with integrated digital I/Os
PROFIBUS DP master/slave interface
With process-related functions
For tasks with special functions
For the connection of standalone I/O devices
Note: Micro memory card required to operate the
CPU.

Signal Modules:
Digital input modules
Digital output module

CPU

Analog input modules

DI

DO

AI

AO

Analog output modules

Memory Card
A slot is provided for a memory card. The memory
card saves the program contents in the event of a
power outage without the need for battery.
RAM cards are available with a capacity of:
64KByte, 256KByte, 1MByte, 2MByte.
Flash EPROM cards are available with a capacity of:
64KByte, 256KByte, 1MByte, 2MByte, 4MByte,
8MByte, 16MByte.

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Training Unit Hardware

Mode Selector:
MRES =Memory reset function (Module Reset)
STOP = Stop mode, the program is not executed.
RUN = Program execution

Status Indicators.
SF = Internal CPU fault or fault in module.
BATF = Battery fault; battery empty or non-existent.
DC5V = Internal 5 VDC voltage indicator.
FRCE = FORCE; indicates that at least one input
or output is forced.
RUN = Flashes when the CPU is starting up, then
a steady light in Run mode.
STOP = Shows a steady light in Stop mode.
Flashes slowly for a memory reset request,
Flashes quickly when a memory reset is being
carried out, Flashes slowly when a memory reset is
necessary because a memory card has been
inserted.

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SIMATIC S7-400
CPU 416-2
High-performance CPUs in the high-end
performance range
Applicable for plants with high
requirements in
the high-end performance range

CPU 414-4H
Fault-tolerant automation system with
redundant configuration
For applications with high failure safety
requirements
Processes with high restart costs, expensive
downtimes, little supervision, and few
maintenance options
Hot standby: Automatic reaction-free
switching to the standby unit in the event of a
fault

CPU 414-4H

CPU 416-2

CPU 414-4FH
Failsafe automation system for plant with
high safety requirements
If required, also fault tolerant through
redundant configuration
CPU 414-4FH

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SIMATIC S7-400
The power PLC for the mid to upper
performance range
Performance-graded range of CPUs
Extensive selection of modules
Expandable design to over 300
modules
Backplane bus integrated in the
modules
Can be networked with
- (MPI)
- PROFIBUS
- Industrial Ethernet

S7-400 Rack

PS

CPU

DI

DO FM CP

IM

UR1 (Universal Rack) with up to 18 modules

UR2 (Universal Rack) with up to 9 modules
UR2-H (Universal Rack For H-SYS)
ER1 (Expansion Rack) with up to 18 modules
ER2 (Expansion Rack) with up to 9 modules

Rack UR2-H (18 Slot)

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Rack UR2 (9 Slot)

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SIMATIC S7-400
Fault LEDs
LEDs for the CPUs statuses and faults, both internal and
external

Memory Cards
Mode Selector
MRES = Memory reset function (Module RESet)
STOP = STOP mode
RUN = Program execution, read-only access possible from PG.
RUN-P= Program execution, read/write access possible from
PG.

MPI / DP Interface
DP Interface
For connecting to distributed peripherals

EXT-BATT

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SIMATIC Programming
Device
Field PG
Intel Pentium M processor.

Power PG

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TRAINING DEMO UNIT

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Training Demo Unit

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Configuration Of The S7 Training Unit

Rack

CPU

DI

DO

AI

AO

PS

The programmable controller is configured with the following modules:

Slot 2: CPU 313C-2 DP
Slot 4: Analog Input module
Adjustable from the simulator
Slot 5: Analog Output module

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SIMATIC MANAGER
SOFTWARE

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Objectives
- Understand Simatic Manger.
- Understand Project Instruction.
- Be Familiar With Step7 Software.
- How To Cerate New Projects.

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Install the software then you will find

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Step 7 List

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Start Simatic Manager

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Automation License Manager

Simatic License Key Disk

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Setting PG-PC Interface

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Short Cut For Simatic Manager

Double Click On The Icon

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Starting Simatic Manager

Menu Bar

Tool Bar

Status Bar

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Menu Bar

Last 4 project opened

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Menu Bar

Online Partners On The Existing Protocol

(MPI, Profibus, Ethernet)

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Menu Bar

Configure the communication between the PG/PC and the PLC

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Menu Bar

Simatic Manager Software Help

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Tool Bar

Tool Bar For a Project

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Open Existing Project

Select Your Project from the list

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Create New Project

Write The Project Name

Then OK

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Create S7 Program

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Insert S7 Station

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HARDWARE
CONFIGURATION

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Objectives
- Know How Insert Hardware Configuration (CPU, DI-DO, AI-AO )
- How To Change The Signal Module Address.
- Know The CPU Properties.
- Know How to Save, Compile, Upload, Download Logic Software.

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Open Hardware Configuration Editor

Double Click

Click on this icon to view the catalog

The Catalog

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Insert Rack

From the catalog:

1- Click On The Simatic 300
2- Click On Rack 300
3- Double Click on the Rail
The Rail Will Appear In Area-1& Area-2

Area-1

Area-2

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Selecting The CPU

From the catalog:

1- Open CPU-300
2- Select the CPU from the list by
ORDER NUMBER then by VERSION

If any product selected from the list you will

find the order number in this area

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Selecting The Signal Modules

This Slot reserved for power supply

(Optional can be inserted or not)
This Slot reserved for Interface Module

From the catalog:

1- Open SM-300
2- Select the Signal Modules from
the list by ORDER NUMBER

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Input & output Modules Address Overview

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Change the Address of the Input & output Modules

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Edit Symbolic Name, Monitor & Modify Variable

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CPU General Properties

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CPU Properties

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CPU Clock Memory Properties

Clock Memory
Frequency
Period

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0.5 0.62 1 1.25 2

2

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1.6

2.5

10

0.8 0.5 0.4 0.2 0.1

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CPU Retentive Memory Properties

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CPU Protection Properties

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CPU Diagnostics & Clock Properties

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Save & Compile Hardware Configuration

Click on this icon for

saving & compiling the
HW Config.

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Downloading HW Config. To the PLC

1

Click OK

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Uploading HW Config. From the PLC

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Exercise
Exercise-1:
Creat new project, configure the HW Config. From the first step to the last
one.
Exercise-2:
Upload Actual Configuration to the PG/PC.
Exercise-3:
Complete the missing order number.
Exercise-4:
Monitor & Modify DI,DO,AI & AO from the HW Config. window.
Exercise-5:
Assign Parameter to CPU clock memeory & test.

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Slot Reservation & Addressing

Slot No.

Slot 1

AI

AO

Reserved for the Power supply.

Slot 2
Slot for the CPU.

Slot 3
Logically reserved for an interface
module (IM)
Modules

Slots 4-11
Slot 4 is the first slot that can be used
for I/O modules, communications
processors (CP) or function modules
(FM).

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CPU

DI

DO

Address 0.0
Address 0.7
Address 1.0
Addresss1.7

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DI/DO Addressing in Multi-Tier Configurations

using IM 360 Send & IM 361 Receive
PS

Rack
3

(361
Receive)

PS
Rack
2

IM
(361Send
Receive)

PS
Rack
1

PS
Rack
0
Slot

IM

CPU

100.0
to
103.7

104.0
to
107.7

108.0
to
111.7

112.0
to
115.7

116.0
to
119.7

120.0
to
123.7

124.0
to
127.7

64.0
to
67.7

68.0
to
70.7

72.0
to
75.7

76.0
to
79.7

80.0
to
83.7

84.0
to
87.7

88.0
to
91.7

92.0
to
95.7

56.0
to
59.7

60.0
to
63.7

32.0
(361Send to
Receive) 35.7
IM

IM
(360
Send)

96.0
to
99.7

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0.0
to
3.7

36.0
to
39.7

40.0
to
43.7

44.0
to
47.7

48.0
to
51.7

52.0
to
55.7

4.0
to
7.7

8.0
to
11.7

12.0
to
15.7

16.0
to
19.7

20.0
to
23.7

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24.0
to
27.7
9

10

28.0
to
31.7
11

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BLOCKS & PROGRAMING

LANGUAGE

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Objectives
- What Is The Difference Between S7 Blocks
- Understand The Process Image & Cyclic Execution.
- How To Insert, Edit S7 Blocks.
- Know Different S7 Programming Language & How To Select Them.
- Know How To Download, Save, Monitor S7 Blocks.
- Know How To Call The FB & FC Blocks In OB1.

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BLOCKS
Organization Block (OB)
Organization blocks is the interface
between the operating system and the
user program. The entire program can be
stored in OB1 that is cyclically called by
the operating system or the program can
be divided and stored in several blocks.

OB 1

FB

FB

FB

FB

Function (FC)
A function contains a partial functionality
of the program. It is possible to program
functions so that they can be assigned
parameters.

FB

FC

Function Block FB
Function blocks offer the same
possibilites as functions. In addition,
function blocks have their own memory
area in the form of instance data blocks.

Data Blocks (DB)

Data blocks (DB) are data areas of the
user program in which user data
aremanaged in a structured manner.

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OB
FB
FC
SFB
SFC
DB

= Organization Block
= Function Block
= Function
= System Function Block
= System Function
= Data Block

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Process Image
PII
The Process-Image Input table is found in
the CPUs memory area. The signal state
of all inputs is stored there.

PIQ
The Process-Image Output table contains
the output values that result from the
program execution. These output values
are sent to the actual outputs at the end of
the cycle.

PII

DI Module

A I 0.0
= Q 1.0
DO Module

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1
USER
PROGRAM

PIQ

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Inserting S7-Block

Function Name

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Choose the
programming
language

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Editing S7-Block (FC1)

Declaration Table

Catalog

Programming Area

Info Area

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Programming Languages
-Ladder Diagram (LAD)
-Statement List (STL)
-Function Block (FBD)

FBD

LAD

-S7-GRAPH

I 0.0

I 0.1

-Structured Control Language (SCL)

Q8.0
I 0.0

STL

&
Q8.0

-Continuous Function Chart (CFC)

I 0.1

A I

0.0

A I

0.1

= Q 8.0

-Sequential Flow Chart (SFC)

CFC

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SFC

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SCL

S7-GRAPH

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Programming In LAD

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Select the Programming Language

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Programming In STL

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Saving, Downloading & Monitoring the Blocks

Monitor the
Blocks
Save the
Blocks

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Download the
Blocks to the PLC

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Calling the Blocks in OB1

Select the block from the

catalog Drag & Drop it on the
Network

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Monitoring the Blocks Online

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SYMBOL TABLE

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Objectives
- Know How To Create, Edit The Symbol Table.
- Be Familiar With The Symbol Table Functions (Sort, Filter , Import, Export)

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Creating, Editing Absolute Addresses In Symbol Table

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Symbol Table

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Find & Replace Aboulute Addresses

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Filter Symbolic Addresses

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Sort Addresses

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Export Symbol Table

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Import Symbol Table

This message must

appear

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Exercise:
1- Create in the symbol table a symbolic file with the given data.
2- Export the file.
3- Clean the symbolic table & Import the Exported file in it.
The Given Data:

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BINARY & LOGIC OPERATION

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Objectives
- Review On The Logic Gates & How It Is represented In LAD, STL, FBD
- Know The Set-Reset Functions.
- Know The Pulse Edge & Mid-Line Coil.
- Know The Jump Condition.

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OR Gate

AND Gate
S1 (I 0.0)

S3
(I 0.2)

Circuit
Diagram

S4
(I 0.3)

S2 (I 0.1)

L1
(Q 8.0)

L3 (Q 8.2)
I 0.2

Q 8.0
Q 8.1

>=1

I 0.3

O
O
=

I 0.1

LAD Diagram

I 0.3

I 0.2

I 0.0

Q 8.2

L2
(Q 8.1)

I 0.0

Q 8.2
=

FBD Diagram

I 0.1

Q 8.0
=
Q 8.1
=

I 0.2
I 0.3
Q 8.2

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&

STL

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A
A
=
=

I 0.0
I 0.1
Q 8.0
Q 8.1

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XNOR Gate

XOR Gate

S1 (I 0.6)

S1 (I 0.6)

S2 (I 0.7)

S2 (I 0.7)

Circuit
Diagram

S1 (I 0.4)

S2 (I 0.5)

S2 (I 0.5)

S1 (I 0.4)

L1 (Q 8.0)
I 0.6

I 0.7

Q 8.0

LAD Diagram

I 0.7

I 0.6

I 0.6
I 0.7

&

I 0.6
I 0.7

&

AN
AN
O
A
A
=

L1 (Q 8.0)

>=1

Q 8.0
=

FBD Diagram

I 1.0
I 1.1

STL

I 0.5

I 0.4

I 0.5

I 0.4
I 0.5

&

I 0.4
I 0.5

&

X
X
=

I 0.6
I 0.7
Q8.0

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I 0.4

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Q 8.0

>=1

Q 8.0
=

I 0.4
I 0.5
Q8.0

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Set

Reset

The specified address is set to signal

state "1" and remains set until
another instruction resets the
address.

The specified address is reset to

signal state "0" and remains in
this state until another
instruction sets the address
again.

I 0.0

I 0.1

I 0.2
Q 0.0

(S)

I 0.0

&

I 0.3

FBD Diagram

I 0.1

(R )

LAD Diagram

I 0.2
Q 0.1

A I 0.0
A I 0.1
S Q 0.2

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Q 0.0

STL

88/1

>=1

Q 0.1
R

I 0.3

O I 0.2
O I 0.3
R Q 0.2

October 14, 2016

SIEMENS

Setting/Reseting FlipFlop

Setting/Reseting FlipFlop

Dominant Set

Dominant Reset

M1.0

I 0.4
R

RS

Q 0.2

LAD Diagram

I 0.5

M1.1

I 0.4
S
R

M1.0
R

M1.1

RS
Q0.2

I 0.5

Q 0.3

I 0.5

I 0.4

SR

A
R
A
S
A
=

I 0.4
M 1.0
I 0.5
M 1.0
M 1.0
Q 0.2

I 0.4

FBD Diagram

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SR
Q0.3

I 0.5

STL

S
R
A
S
A
R
A
=

I 0.4
M 1.1
I 0.5
M 1.1
M 1.1
Q 0.3

October 14, 2016

 2 OR
An output is energized when
switch A or B, both normally
open, is closed.
Inputs
A
O
O
1
1

Output
B
0
1
0
1

0
1
1
1

Example: A conveyor belt

transporting bottled products
to packaging where a
deflector plate is activated to
deflect bottles into a reject
bin if either the weight is not
within certain tolerances or
there is no cap on the bottle.
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 Simple Example
Ex02Sw
PUSHBUTTON SWITCH

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 3 NOT
There is an output when there
is no input and no output when
there is an input. The gate is
sometimes referred to an
inverter.
Input
A
0
1

Output
1
0

Example: A light that comes on

when it becomes dark, i.e.
when there is no light input to
the light sensor there is an
output.
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 Simple Example
Ex03Sw

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RUN-STOP MOTOR

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 The motor operation

(Example of LOAD, AND,
OR, OUT instructions)
When PB1 is pushed, a
motor will start to rotate with
a forward (clockwise)
direction.
When the PB2 is pushed, it
will start to rotate with a
reverse (counterclockwise)
direction
The PB0 is emergency stop
switch.

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Ex04Motoroperation

Forward operation,
Set an interlock with
reverse operatin
(P41, P02)
Reverse operation,
Set an interlock with
forward operatin
(P44, P01)

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Ex06MotorOn-OffwithLamps

Example: a motor controlled by stop and start push

button switches and for which one signal light must be
illuminated when the power is applied to the motor and
another when it is not applied.

Motor output

Lamp for power

not applied
Lamp for power
applied

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SIEMENS

SET

CLR

NOT

The SET
instruction sets
the RLO to "1"
without preconditions

The CLEAR
instruction sets the
RLO to "0" without
pre-conditions

The NOT instruction

inverts the RLO.

NOt
EXIST

LAD

NOt
EXIST

LAD

I 0.0

NOT

I 0.0
NOt
EXIST

SET
= M 0.4

FBD

STL

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NOt
EXIST

CLR
= M 0.5

98/1

FBD

STL

Q0.0

I 0.1

&

I 0.1

( )

Q0.0
=

A I 0.0
A I 0.1
NOT
= Q0.0

October 14, 2016

SIEMENS

Negative Edge Detection

I 1.0 I 1.1

M1.0

Positive Edge Detection

M0.2

I 0.0 I 0.1

LAD
Diagram

I 1.0

&

I 1.1

A
A
FN
=

M1.1

M0.2

I 1.0
I 1.1
M1.1
M0.2

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STL

99/1

M0.1

I 1.0

FBD
Diagram

M0.0

&

I 1.1

A
A
FP
=

M1.0

M0.1

I 1.0
I 1.1
M1.0
M0.1

October 14, 2016

SIEMENS

Positive Edge
(Positive Edge Detection) detects a
signal change in the address (M0.1)
from "0" to "1", and displays it as
RLO = "1" after the instruction.

Examples 1:
OB1-Cycle

I 0.0
I 0.1
RLO

Negative Edge

M1.0

(Negative Edge Detection) detects a

signal change in the address (M1.1)
from "1" to "0" and displays it as
RLO = "1" after the instruction
(such as at M 0.1) for one cycle.

M1.1
M8.0
M8.1
Examples 2:

I 0.0
I 0.1
M1.0
M1.1
M8.0

OB1-Cycle

M8.1

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SIEMENS
Network 1

Unconditional Jump
In LAD/FBD, the label (M001) is
entered as an identifier
above the coil symbol or
assignment symbol.
In STL it comes after the Jump
(JU) instruction.
An unconditional jump
instruction causes a program
jump to a label regardless of the
RLO.

M001

( JMP )
LAD
Diagram

Network 2
:
:
Network n

M001
M50.0

I 44.1

M99.7

( )

Jump Label
The label may be as many
as four characters of which
the first character must be
a letter.
Example: M001: A I 0.0

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Network 1
JU M001

STL

101/1

Network 2
:
:
:
:
Network n
M001: AN M50.0
AN I 44.1
=
M99.7

October 14, 2016

SIEMENS
Network 1

Conditional Jump
The "JC" conditional jump is
only executed if the RLO is
"1".
The "JCN" conditional jump
is only executed if the RLO is
"0".

I 0.0

LAD
Diagram

I 0.1

M002
(JMP)

Network 2
:
:
Network n
M002

Note:
STL provides additional jump
operations

M50.0

STL

I 44.1

102/1

( )

Network 1
A I 0.0
A I 0.1
JC M002
Network 2
:
:
:
:
Network n
M002:

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M99.7

AN M50.0
AN I 44.1
=
M99.7

October 14, 2016

SIEMENS

Exercise:
1- In FC3, Write PLC program to
control the following process:

LS1

Continues flow through the out pipe, if

the level of the tank become below LS1,
one of the two pumps start operation
(Depend on operation sequence) till the
fluid level reaches LS1, if the fluid level
become below LS2, the two pumps
operate until the level of the fluid
reaches LS1. (The two pumps stops till
the fluid level become below LS1)

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In Flow
LS2
P1

P2

Out Flow

October 14, 2016

SIEMENS

Answer of Exercise 1:

Answer of Exercise 3:

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SIEMENS

Answer of Exercise 2:

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SIEMENS

TIMER

SIEMENS
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SIEMENS

Load and Transfer

Move
MOVE

Example:
L +5
// 16-bit constant
T MB0
L L#523123 // 32-bit constant
T MD4
L B#16#EF // byte in hexadecimal form
T MW8
L 2#0010 0110 1110 0011 //16-bit binary
T MW10
L 3.14
// 32-bit constant
T MD12

LAD Diagram
20

ENO

IN

OUT

MW10

OUT

MB10

MOVE
EN

FBD Diagram
20

STL

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EN

107/1

IN

ENO

20

MB10

October 14, 2016

SIEMENS

Timers
- ON Delay Timer (SD)
- Stored ON Delay Timer (SS)
- Pulse Timer (SP)

T(No.)
S_(Type)
Q
S

I 0.0

LAD Diagram

S5T#5s
I 0.1

- Extended Pulse Timer (SE)

MW0

BCD

T(No.)

- OFF Delay Timer (SF)

S_(Type)
I 0.0

FBD Diagram

S5T#5s
I 0.1

STL

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BI

TV

Q0.0

108/1

S
TV

BI
BCD

MW0
Q0.0
=

A
I 0.0
L
S5T#5s
S(Type) T(No.)
A
I 0.1
R
T(No.)
L
T(No.)
T
MW0
A
T(No.)
=
Q0.0

October 14, 2016

SIEMENS

ON Delay Timer (SD)

T0
S_ODT

I 0.0

Start
The timer starts when the Start input LAD Diagram
"S" changes from "0" to "1". The
timer starts with the time value
specified at the Time Value "TV" for
as long as the signal state at input
"S" =1.

Reset

FBD Diagram

When the Reset input "R" changes

from "0" to "1", the current time
value and the time base are deleted
and the output "Q" is reset.

STL

Digital Outputs

TV

BI

Q0.0
MW0

BCD

T0
S_ODT
I 0.0
S5T#5s
I 0.1

Output

The signal at the "Q" output changes

to "1" when the timer has expired
without error and input "S" has
signal state "1".

S5T#5s
I 0.1

A
L
SD
A
R
L
T
A
=

S
TV
R

BI
BCD

MW0
Q0.0
=

I 0.0
S5T#5s
T
I 0.1
T0
T0
MW0
T0
Q0.0

The current time value can be read

as a binary number at the "BI" output
and as a BCD number at the "BCD"
output.

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SIEMENS

Stored ON Delay Timer (SS)

Start
The stored-on-delay timer starts
when the "S" input changes from
"0" to "1". The timer runs starting
with the time value specified at
input "TV" and continues to run
even if the signal at input "S"
changes back to "0" during that
time.

I 0.0

LAD Diagram

BI

TV
R

MW0

BCD

S_ODTS
S

I 0.0

FBD Diagram

S5T#5s
I 0.1

Output
STL

The signal state at output "Q"

changes to "1" when the timer has
expired without error, regardless
of whether the signal state at
input "S" is still "1".

SIMATIC S7
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S5T#5s
I 0.1

Q0.1

T1

Reset
When the reset input "R" changes
from "0" to "1", the current time
value and the time base are
deleted and output "Q" is reset.

T1
S_ODTS
Q
S

110/1

A
L
SS
A
R
L
T
A
=

BI

TV

BCD

MW0
Q0.1
=

I 0.0
S5T#5s
T1
I 0.1
T1
T1
MW0
T1
Q0.1

October 14, 2016

SIEMENS

Pluse Timer (SD)

Start
The pulse timer starts when
the "S" input changes from
"0" to "1". Output "Q" is also
set to "1".

T2
S_PULSE
Q
S

I 0.0

LAD Diagram

S5T#5s
I 0.1

BI

TV
R

Q0.2
MW0

BCD

T2
S_PLUSE

Reset
Output "Q" is reset when the
timer has expired, or the
start "S" signal changes
from "1" to "0", or the reset
input "R" has a signal state
of "1".

FBD Diagram

S5T#5s
I 0.1

STL

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I 0.0

111/1

A
L
SP
A
R
L
T
A
=

BI

TV

BCD

MW0
Q0.2
=

I 0.0
S5T#5s
T2
I 0.1
T2
T2
MW0
T2
Q0.3

October 14, 2016

SIEMENS

Extended Pluse Timer (SE)

I 0.0

Start
The extended pulse timer starts
when the "S" input changes from
"0" to "1". Output "Q" is also set to
"1".

LAD Diagram

BI

TV
R

MW0

BCD

S_PEXT
S

I 0.0

FBD Diagram

S5T#5s
I 0.1

Reset

STL

Output "Q" is reset when the timer

has expired, or
the reset input "R" has a signal
state of "1".

SIMATIC S7
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S5T#5s
I 0.1

Q0.3

T3

The signal state at output "Q"

remains at "1" even if the signal at
the "S" input changes back to "0".
If the signal at the start input
changes from "0" to "1" again
while the timer is running, the
timer is restarted

T3
S_PEXT
Q
S

112/1

A
L
SS
A
R
L
T
A
=

BI

TV

BCD

MW0
Q0.3
=

I 0.0
S5T#5s
T3
I 0.1
T3
T3
MW0
T3
Q0.3

October 14, 2016

SIEMENS

Off Delay Timer (SD)

Start
The off-delay timer starts when the "S"
input changes from "1" to "0". When
the timer has expired, the signal state
at output "Q" changes to "0".
If the signal state at the "S" input
changes from "0" to "1" while the timer
is running, the timer stops. The next
time the signal state at the "S" input
changes from "1" to "0", it starts again
from the beginning.
Reset
When the reset input "R" is "1", the
current time value and the time base
are deleted and output "Q" is reset.
If both inputs (S and R) have signal
states of "1", output "Q" is not set until
the dominant reset is deactivated.

I 0.0

LAD Diagram

S5T#5s
I 0.1

BI

TV
R

Q0.4
MW0

BCD

T4
S_OFFDT
S

I 0.0

FBD Diagram

Output
Output "Q" is activated when the "S"
input changes from "0" to "1". If input
"S" is deactivated, output "Q"
continues to have signal state of "1"
until the programmed time has expired.

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T4
S_OFFDT
Q
S

113/1

S5T#5s
I 0.1

STL

A
L
SS
A
R
L
T
A
=

BI

TV

BCD

MW0
Q0.4
=

I 0.0
S5T#5s
T4
I 0.1
T4
T4
MW0
T4
Q0.4

October 14, 2016

SIEMENS

ON Delay Timer (SD)

Extended Pluse Timer (SE)

Timer

Timer

Off Delay Timer (SF)

Stored ON Delay Timer (SS)

S

R
Timer

Timer

Pluse Timer (SP)

S
R
Timer
Q

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The right timer

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SIEMENS

COUNTER

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SIEMENS

Counter

I 0.0

Count Up

I 0.1

Count Down

LAD Diagram

Set Counter

I 0.2
C#50
I 0.3

Preset Value

C0
S_CUD
CU

QQ

CD

CV

S
PV
R

C0
S_CUD

FBD Diagram

Output

STL

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MW 0

CV_BCD

Reset Counter
CV/CV_BCD

Q 0.0

117/1

I 0.0

CU

I 0.1

CD

I 0.2

C#50

PV

I 0.3

CV

MW 0

CV_BCD
Q
Q

A
CU
A
CD
A
L
S
A
R
L
T
A
=

Q 0.0
=

I0.0
C0
I0.1
C0
I0.2
C#50
C0
I0.3
C0
C0
MW4
C0
Q0.0

October 14, 2016

SIEMENS

Comparison Operations
You can use comparison instructions
LAD Diagram
to compare numerical values:
I
D
R

CMP ==I

I0.0

IN1
IN2

MW0

Compare integers
Compare integers
Compare floating-point numbers

Q 0.0

MW2

CMP ==I

The values at inputs IN1 and IN2 are

compared
FBD Diagram
== IN1 is equal to IN2
<> IN1 is not equal to IN2
> IN1 is greater than IN2
< IN1 is less than IN2
>= IN1 is greater than or equal to IN2
<= IN1 is less than or equal to IN2.

STL

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MW0

IN1

MW2

IN2
&
I0.0
A
A(
L
L
==I
)
=

Q0.0
=

I0.0
MW0
MW2
Q0.0

October 14, 2016

SIEMENS

Exercise:

Packaging line control

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SIEMENS

Exercise:
1- Write a PLC program to control the counting between zero & 9,
9

by using one input & one counter.

count up
count down

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0 9
9 0

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SIEMENS

Answer of Exercise 1:

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SIEMENS

MATH OPERATION

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SIEMENS

Objectives
- Understand The Math Operation & How To Use It In Different Language.

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SIEMENS

Mathematical Operation
EN

The instruction is executed if RLO is =1 at Enable input EN.

IN1, IN2

The value at IN1 is read in as the first address and the value at IN2 as the second.

OUT

The result of the mathematical operation is stored at the address at output OUT.

LAD Diagram

MW0
MW2

ADD_I
EN ENO
IN1 OUT
IN2

MW4

FBD Diagram

MW0
MW2

SUB_I
EN
MW6
MW8

MD12
MD14

MD22
MD26

IN1
IN2

ENO
OUT

MW10

MW6
MW8

MUL_D
EN ENO
IN1
IN2

OUT

DIV_R
EN ENO
IN1 OUT
IN2

ADD_I
EN OUT
IN1
IN2 ENO

SUB_I
EN OUT
IN1
IN2 ENO
MUL_D
EN OUT

MD18

MD12
MD14

MD30

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MD22
MD26

124/1

STL

MW4

MW10

MD18

IN1
IN2 ENO
DIV_R
EN OUT
IN1
IN2 ENO

MD30

L
L
+I
T

MW0
MW2

L
L
-I
T

MW6
MW8

L
L
*D
T

MD12
MD14

L
L
/R
T

MD22
MD26

MW4

MW10

MD18

MD32

October 14, 2016

SIEMENS

DECLARATION TABLE

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SIEMENS

Objectives
- Know How Temp. Variables Can Be Accessed & Where It Stored.
- Understand The Declaration Table & How To Use It.

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SIEMENS

Types of variables
The inputs and outputs in our programs
were coded directly with their actual
address assignments.
There is two types of variables:
Global Variables
I/ O
PII / PIQ
M/T/C
DB areas
Local Variables
Temporary variables:
Variables that are stored only while the
block is being executed. They can be
declared in all blocks (OB, FC, FB).
Static variables:
Variables to be retained even after the
block is executed, can only be declared in
function blocks. The instance DB
assigned to the FB is used as the storage
location for these static variables.

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SIEMENS

Temporary variables:
Temporary variables can be
used in all blocks (OB, FC,
FB). They are used to
temporarily store information
while the block is being
executed. The data are lost
when the block is exited.
The data are stored in the L
stack (local data stack). The L
stack is a separate memory
area in the CPU.

IN Parameter
OUT Parameter

Declaration Table
Before a temporary variable
can be used in a block, it must
be declared in the blocks
declaration table.
Type of Parameter:
The in declaration type
should be assigned only to
declaration types that will be
read.
The out declaration type for
paramaters that will be written
to within the function.

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SIEMENS

Declaration Table & Program in FC3

Program for starting and

stopping a motor using the
input & output declaration
table parameter.

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SIEMENS

Calling FC3

In FC4, FC3 can be called

& it can be called in any
other FC,FB or OB

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SIEMENS

Intering Data for FC3

Calling For FC3 In FC4

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Calling In OB1 For FC4

When Calling The Motor Function

FC3, FC4 Is The Function That Will Be
Called In OB1

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SIEMENS

Exercise:
1- In FC5, Write a PLC program, using declaration table to calculate the following equation:
K = 4X + 5XYZ + 2Y/3Z + 2(X+Z)
Then find the value of K at: X=1, Y=2 and Z=1

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Answer of Exercise 1:
IN The Declaration Table:
IN: X,Y,Z
OUT: K
Temp: ????
The value of K at: X=1, Y=2 and Z=1
K=19

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SIEMENS

DATA BLOCK

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SIEMENS

Objectives
- Know The Elementary & Complex DB.
- How To Create DB.
- Familiar With Addressing & Accessing Data Element.

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Data Blocks (DBs)

Elementary data types (up to 32 bits)
Bit data types (BOOL, BYTE, WORD,
DWORD, CHAR)
Mathematical data types (INT, DINT,
REAL)
Complex data types (longer than 32
bits)
Time (DATE_AND_TIME)
Array (ARRAY)
Structure (STRUCT)
Character chain (STRING)

Function
FC10

OB1

Global data
DB20

Function
FC20
Instance DB for FB1

User-defined data types (longer than 32

bits)
Data type UDT (User Defined Type)

SIMATIC S7
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Accessible to all blocks

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Function
block
FB1

Instance data
DB5

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Creating a New Data Block

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Entering, Saving, Downloading and Monitoring a Data Block

Declaration
View

Data View

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Addressing Data Elements

The number of data blocks
available depends on the CPU
you use.

8 Bits
Data Byte 0
Data Byte 1

0
DBB 0
DBW 0

Data Byte 2

The maximum block length is

8-KByte for the S7-300 and 64KByte for the
S7-400.

Data Byte 3

DBD 0
DBX 4.1

DBD 8188
DBW 8190
Data Byte 8191

DBB 8191

Accessing Data Elements

OPN DB 9
A
DBX 0.0
OPN DB 9
L
DBB 1

OR
OR

DB9.DBX0.0

DB9.DBB1

DB9.DBW2

OR

OPN "Values"
T DBW 2

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Exercise:
1- In FC6, Write a PLC program, using DB6 to calculate the following equation:
K = 4X + 18XZ + 2Z/2 + 2(2Y+3)
Then find the value of K at: X=2, Y=1 and Z=2

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Answer of Exercise 1:
IN The DB:

The value of K at: X=2, Y=1 and Z=2

K=91

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