INDUSTRIAL TRAINNIG

PROGRAM:
PHASE 1 (AT SAKAR 9)

SITE INTRO
Site is located at Ashram road which is very
prominent road for commercial area.
As per Municipal Corporations new rules, Ashram
road is declared as Central Business District (CBD).
So, as per revised norms, high rise construction can
be constructed as zero margin building.
But for safety, we have kept 1 m margin on south
side.
As per our planning, we have to excavate up to 11
mts . So, nearby buildings may overturn.
To avoid that, we need to construct strong lateral

SITE LOCATION:

SITE PLAN:

DIAPHRAGM WALL

 CONSTRUCTION PROCESS OF DWALL

BASIC STAGES FOR

CONSTRUCTION:

Stage-1:Fixing of Alignment
Stage-2:Guide wall Construction
Stage-3:Stop ends fixing
Stage-4:Trenching
Stage-5:Trench Cleaning
Stage-6:Reinforcement Cage
lowering
Stage-7:Placing of Concrete
Stage-8:Withdrawal of Stop
ends
Stage-9: Anchoring

GUIDE WALL
Prior to construction, Walls of shallow
depth built on both sides of the centre line
of a diaphragm wall called as guide wall.
Reinforcement bars used are of 8 mm
diameter with 200 mm c/c spacing both
ways.
M20 grade concrete with fly ash is used.
Main purpose is
1. To ensure about the proper Alignment of
D wall.
2. To absorb thrust of the bucket during
grabbing.

CONSTRUCTION OF
PANELS(TRENCH)
Two types of construction in panel can be
done according to IS:9556-1980.

(1) primary panel: when grabbing is done

with stop end in both sides, then this panel is
called primary panel.
(2) Secondary panel: when grabbing is done
with only single panel than it is called as
secondary panel.

when grabbing is done without any stop end

than this panel is called as end panel.

GRABING WITH MAIT

As we have to construct 50 Ft D-WALL, MAIT HR180 Machine is used for
grabbing.
During grabbing, we constantly provide bentonite slurry in trench to protect
soil surface from collapse.
Once grabbing is done , we reuse bentonite by removing extra soil from it.
MAIT HR 180:
Capacity of digging is up to 75 ft.
Bucket used for grabbing is having
2.5mt length and 0.6mt breadth.
Self weight of bucket is 5 tonne
and of MAIT is 75 tonne.
Cost of machine = 6.5 cr.
Cost of bucket = 26 lac.

STOP END:
Stop end is used to restrict the spreading of
concrete during concreting.
This stop end is removed before concreting
of nearby panel.
Height of stop end is assembled which is 50
ft.

WATER STOPPER:
Water stopper is a rubber belt attached to
stop end and is made of PVC.
After the construction of D-Wall, stop end is
removed and water stopper will act as water
barrier between two panels.
So that surrounding water will not enter into
the basement area.

FLUSHING
Before placing the reinforcement, flushing is done.
The flushing is done properly to clean the panel
and to reuse bentonite slurry.
After flushing, reinforcement cage is placed in the
trench panel.
Generally, in flushing a water pump is used.
Slurry which is carried out by flushing is recycled.

RECYCLING OF BENTONITE
SLURRY
Bentonite slurry pumping out from panel is pumped
to recycling machine which removes extra soil from
slurry and bentonite is transferred to tanks to reuse
it.

CHECKING OF PANEL SECTION

Panel section is checked by Koden
machine.
It automatically measures
variation of panel wall in both
direction to depth of panel.
It also automatically plots a graph
of this variation with respect to
depth of panel.
It gives idea about variations in
grabbing and accuracy of
construction.

REINFORCED CAGE
Section of reinforcement is of
two type:
1. Straight panel.
2. L type of panel ( in corner ).
. After the excavation of panel
of D-Wall, cage is lifted by
mobile crane ( TFC ) and
placed into the panel.
.Then concreting is done into it
by transit mixer.
.Cover of cage is 60 mm.

TREMMIE PIPES
Tremmie pipes are used for
concreting in panel constructed.
These are standard pipes having
length of 1.5 Mt and can be
assembled into required depth.
These Triemmie pipes are joint with
concrete pouring device( funnel ).
Size of funnel is 1.5mt dia. And
diameter of tremie pipe is 25cm.
Volume of ( funnel ) is approx. Half
cub. Mt.

CONCRETING
Concreting is done by transit mixers with grade of
M25 without fly ash. As plant of concrete is far from
the site and we can not do compaction while
concreting, we required good plastisizer to make
concrete workable. So we are using sika 10RW as
super-plastisizer. It will retain workability of
concrete by 4-5 hours.
REVERSE CIRCULATION METHOD:
this method is used in concreting at the site as
depth of the panel is high . According to this
method , alternatively concreting is done on both
side of panel as to achieve strong and dense wall.
Tremmie pipe shall be raised so as to release the
concrete in a single continuous flow.
Concrete to be discharged in the trench without

ANCHORAGE
Anchorage is a structure used to
support lateral thrust of a wall. Ties to
a series of concrete blocks or a
continuous RCC beam, vertical or
battered piles inclined rock or soil
anchors, are generally used for this
purpose.
Here, we had used soil anchor to
support diaphragm wall. Cable
wires(tendon) is combined and grout it
and then prestressed it to make it
strong enough to support lateral thrust.

 Here we are using 4 no. of anchors

in a single panel of diaphragm wall.
First anchoring is placed below
2850mm and second anchoring is
placed at 7030mm from the top of
guide wall.
The distance between two vertical
anchors is 4180mm.
The distance between two horizontal
anchors is 2500mm.
The anchors are provided at 45 to
diaphragm wall. For drilling purpose
of anchoring AirROC D35 is used.
Drilling is done by drill pipes and
cutting is done by hamber made by
diamonds.

The length of
first layer
anchors is
8.35m.

Here first
3.35m is free
anchor length.

The length of
second layer
anchors is 9m.

And 5m of
Here first 3m
length is fixed. is free anchor
length.

And 6m of
length is fixed.

 PRESSURE CALCULATION :

GROUTING
Grouting mix is prepared by
cementation pump.
Proportion of cement to water is 1:2.5.
Fosroc-Cebex 100 is used with mix to
reduce shrinkage in grout. One pack of
cebex of 225gms is used in one bag of
cement
Price of this is Rs 90 / bag.
First outer grout is done up to overflow
and then inner is done up to overflow
because in practical we cant stop
grout at fix length.

 Spacers are used between

steel rods.
Spacing is done at 1.5 mt in
length.
Pipes of plastic is covered on
bar to protect free length
from grout.
This assembly is covered by
corrugated pipes.

Post-stressing
Tensioning is carried out
with the use of
multistrand jacks, giving
force to all strands
simultaneously like a
singular unit.
Post-stressing force is
given by hydraulic power
pack.
Locking pressure is 70%
of total pressure.
Elongation is measured

DETAILS:
AIR VALVE
HYDRAU
LIC JACK

TRUMPED BOX

BEARING PLATE

 DIFFICULTIES ON ANCHORING:
During anchoring , angle of
machine raft should be
exact 45 degree and that
we can ensured by
automatic angle machine.
During post-stressing , on
site elongation shown is
more than permissible so
load on tendons are
revised.

TEST ON CONCRETE
Two test are performed
on site
(1) Cube Test:
Sample from RMC transit mixer is collected
and cubes of standard size is filled.
Cube is tested in Ultimate testing machine
after 7 days and 28 days.
On day, strength of concrete cube must
achieve 66.67 % of its characteristic
strength and on day strength must be
equal to characteristic strength.
(2)Slump test

Slump test is used to measure workability

of concrete.
As we had used plastisizer in concrete,

BENTONITE
Bentonite is rich in
montmorillonite clay mineral.
It swells in the presence of
water and its suspension is
Thixotropic.
Price of bentonite is around
150 Rs/bag.

BENTONITE TEST
1. pH Test:
.Bentonite suspension is alkaline in
nature.
. Generally, the permissible range of pH is 9.5
to 12
On site, we measured it by pH paper and
obtained as 10.52
2. Specific Gravity Test:
. Specific Gravity of suspension is generally
carried out by hydrometer.

 SITE CONDITION AT END OF

TRAINING:

 INDUSTRIAL TRAINING
PROGRAM:
PHASE-2

SIVANTA
APARTMENTS

o BASIC INFORMATION:
NAME

SIVANATA APARTMENTS

LOCATION

NEAR BAKERI CITY , VEJALPUR , AHMEDABAD

TYPE

G+7 STOREYED RESIDENTIAL BUILDING (5 UNITS PER

STOREY)

PROJECT MANAGER

MR. MANAN SHAH

STRUCTURAL
ENGINEER
BLOCK A AREA

MRS. HEMANGINI
10,214 sq. ft.

WHEN WE JOINED SITE:

o BASIC ACTIVITIES (UPTO

BASEMENT):
Excavation.
P.C.C
Construction of footings.
Column centering.
Construction of columns
Construction of retaining wall.
Construction of pedestal.
Construction of ramp and stairs.
Construction of beam and slab.

o CONSTRUCTION OF FOOTING:
There are basically two types of
footings
1. Isolated footing
2. Combined footing
.First of all, a steel jali is prepared in
every column in which steel bars
are placed parallel to B and parallel
to L at bottom of column.
.This jali is connected with covers(75
mm) and placed on pcc.
.Generally ,Diameter used in jali is
12mm and 16mm.
.Side face of jali is bended vertically.

 CONCRETING OF FOOTING:
After mesh is prepared for all
footings, concreting of footing
is done.
Concreting is done by RMC with
grade M-20.
Than slope is made up to
height given in plan which is
different in all columns.
Slump and cube test were
taken on site for every truck.

o CONSTRUCTION OF RETAINING
WALL:

STEEL FOR RAFT:

First , Reinforcement for raft
of wall is prepared on pcc
with cover of 60 mm.
CONCRETING OF RAFT:
Than concreting is done
and compacted by
mechanical vibrator.
Grade of concrete in wall is
M-25.
This raft of wall is
constructed by RMC on the

 PARDI
FORMWORK AND
REINFORCEMENT:
After construction of raft ,
retaining wall reinforcement is
carried out.
Covers of 60 mm is also tie with
steel reinforcement and than
wooden sheet is connected to it
with grease on its surface.
CONCRETING IN PARDI:

o CONSTRUCTION OF PEDESTAL:
Pedestal is providing to
make all height of
footing at same level.
Size of pedestal is 3
inch. more than column
in both directions.
Concreting is done by
RMC with grade of M-30.

Pedestal

o CONSTRUCTION OF COLUMN:
FORM WORK:
After inserting extra links
in column, formwork is
provided as shown in fig.
REINFORCEMENT OF
COLUMN

o CONSTRUCTION OF COLUMN:
CONCRETING:
Construction of column is done
by manual mixer of grade M-30.
Height of column is varies from
4 to 5.5 mts.
There are total 44 columns in
block.
After construction , curing is
done for 7-Days time.

o CONSTRUCTION OF RAMP:
FORM WORK:

o CONSTRUCTION OF RAMP:
CONCRETING:
Basement parking
slab is constructed
with M-30 which
basically include 5
beams with slab on
it.
Covers for ramp slab
is 20 mm.
Cover for beam is
25 mm.

REINFORCEMENT OF RAMP

RAMP
SLAB

Bendup
bars

RAMP BEAMS

 CONSTRUCTION OF BEAM AND

SLAB
FORMWORK:
CONCRETING

 Basically , two methods are adopted for concreting of

different elements.
1. Ready mix concrete.
2. Manual concrete mixer.
. All slabs , beams , footings are concrete by RMC.
. Retaining wall , columns are concrete manually.

1. CONCRETING BY RMC.
In this method , ready
mix is used for
concreting with pump
assembly.
Pump assembly mainly
contains pump , tremie
pipes , clamps , rubber
pipe etc.

RMC

Pump
Tremie
pipes

Clamps

2. CONCRETING MANUALLY:
Manual mixer
Weight
batcher

o PRECAUTIONS:
As safety is first priority for construction site , helmet is
compulsory for all man power working on site.
Before concreting , all surface is cleaned by air cleaner.
Before concreting , concrete slurry is spread on surface for
good bonding.
After concreting , all external surface is properly finished
by workers as to prevent small hair crack on surface due
to shrinkage.
Proper supervision is provided on each activity by
experienced engineers.
Regular site meetings with Anil bakeri sir is ensuring

o OUR ROLE ON SITE:

Apart from monitoring all activities and attending
meeting on site we had also estimate cost of basement
at the end of training.
STEEL.xlsx
SUMMARY.xlsx
CONCRETE.xlsx

THANK YOU