Network Evolution

3GPP Rel-99

3GPP Rel-7

PDN

PDN

GGSN

GGSN

User plane
essentially
outside SGSN!

SGSN

RNC

User plane
traffic through
all nodes

PDN

P+S-GW

MME

SGSN

RNC

User plane directly

between RAN and
GW!

eNodeB

NodeB

NodeB

2007

2000
Ericsson AB 2009 LZU 108 2148 Rev B

3GPP Rel-8

Figure 5-1

2009/10
Signaling Network Dimensioning

SAE/LTE Architecture (release 8)

Functional changes compared to the current UMTS Architecture
Moving all RNC functions to the Node B
, SGSN CP functions to the MME, and GGSN functions to the
SAE GW

P-GW
S-GW

GGSN
SGSN

(not user plane

functions)

PDN GateWay
Serving GateWay
Mobility Management Entity

MME

RNC

Node B / HSPA

Ericsson AB 2009 LZU 108 2148 Rev B

eNodeB

Figure 5-2

Signaling Network Dimensioning

EPC/LTE Architecture - 3GPP

SGi

IP networks

HLR/HSS
Gx
Gr

S6a

PDN
GW

S5

S4

SGSN

S11

S3

MME

Serving
GW

S10
Gb

Iu CP

Iu UP
S1-MME

BSC

RNC

S1-U

Iur

eNodeB
BTS

2G

Ericsson AB 2009 LZU 108 2148 Rev B

X2

Node B

3G

LTE

Figure 5-3

Signaling Network Dimensioning

PCRF

EPC/LTE Architecture for Non- 3GPP

IMS

ANDSF

External
IP networks
SGi

HSS

S14

Rx

PCRF

SWx

Gxb

Gxa

S9

SWm

AAA
Gx

SWa

STa

Gxc

S6a
S6b

S2b

PDN GW

S2a

S5/S8
S11

Serv GW

ePDG

S2c

S103

MME
S10

SWn

S101
S102

Trusted
non-3GPP

Non-trusted
non-3GPP
SWu

Ericsson AB 2009 LZU 108 2148 Rev B

Figure 5-4

Signaling Network Dimensioning

Ericsson EPC Product mapping

HLR

SPR
S12

Gr

3G

Iu

Sp

SGSN

OFCS
/OCS

Gb

2G

S6d

HLR / HSS

HSS

PCRF
Rx

S3

Gx

SGSN / MME

S6a

S1-MME

SAPC

S4

MME

PDN

Gz/Gy

S11

SASN

Uu

Evolved
UTRAN

UE

SGW

S1-U

S5

X2

PDN
GW
S2a

S2b

CPG / MPG
Trusted
IP Access

ePDG
/AAA
SWn

Non-trusted
IP Access
Ericsson AB 2009 LZU 108 2148 Rev B

*Simultaneously attached users

Figure 5-5

Signaling Network Dimensioning

SGi

IPv4 and IPv6 Sessions

with separate dedicated IPv6 bearers
SIP Signaling
PDN Connection
PDN-GW

Dedicated bearer (APN X, IPv6 address a/64, QCI 1, GBR)

Dedicated bearer (APN X, IPv6 address a/64, QCI 3, GBR)

APN X

IMS Appl

S-GW

IPv6
IMS/MMTel
Network

Default bearer (QCI 9), IPv4

Browser

Media Stream

Dual-stack
Terminal

Ericsson AB 2009 LZU 108 2148 Rev B

Dual-stack
Router

Figure 5-6

Signaling Network Dimensioning

Internet/
External
IPv4
Network

SGSN MVIII

Ericsson AB 2009 LZU 108 2148 Rev B

Figure 5-7

Signaling Network Dimensioning

SGSN MVIII Ethernet Connections

Ericsson AB 2009 LZU 108 2148 Rev B

Figure 5-8

Signaling Network Dimensioning

MkVIII PIU
The following type of PIUs are available:

GEP3-HD300
GEP3-24GB
SCXB2
CMXB3

Ericsson AB 2009 LZU 108 2148 Rev B

Figure 5-9

Signaling Network Dimensioning

MkVIII PIU

The different type of PIUs available in the MkVIII hardware are

described in the following chapters.
SCXB2

CMXB3

GEP3

System Control Switch Board version 2

A PIU with Ethernet Layer 2 and Layer 3 for internal switching and
external routing.
Uses 1 Gigabit towards other PIUs in the same magazine, and 10
Gigabit for interconnect between magazines
Component Main Switch Board version 3
A PIU with 10 Gigabit Ethernet Layer 2 switching used for external
connectivity and interconnect between magazines
The Generic Ericsson Processor board version 3 (GEP3) is available
in two different versions, with or without a hard disk.
The GEP3 with hard disk has the role of a FSB
The GEP3 without hard disk can take all other processing roles.

Ericsson AB 2009 LZU 108 2148 Rev B

Figure 5-10

Signaling Network Dimensioning

MVIII Base Configuration

Ericsson AB 2009 LZU 108 2148 Rev B

Figure 5-11

Signaling Network Dimensioning

MVIII HW Expansion
Comment
Product Name

Price Objects

Quantity

SGSN-MME MkVIII
expansion subrack

N x INF 903 0458/9

02

One or two needed for SGSN-MME MkVIII

nodes with two or three subracks

SGSN-MME expansion
Blades

N x INF 903 0458/10

0, 12 or 24

12 or 24 additional boards for nodes with

two or three fully equipped subracks

SGSN-MME expansion
Blade platform license

INF 901 6715/2

0, 12 or 24

12 or 24 additional licenses for nodes with

two or three fully equipped subracks

Ericsson AB 2009 LZU 108 2148 Rev B

Figure 5-12

Signaling Network Dimensioning

GPRS Network Planning and

Dimensioning
Signaling Network Dimensioning

Objectives
Upon completion of this chapter the student will be able to:
Explain the signaling network design process
List some of the signaling interfaces for PS domain
Describe SS7 protocol stacks
List and explain different types of signaling network architectures and
topologies
Explain performance requirements related to redundancy and
reliability
Explain signaling volumes calculation
Explain signaling links calculation

Ericsson AB 2009 LZU 108 2148 Rev B

Figure 5-14

Signaling Network Dimensioning

SS7 network from SGSN perspective

Ericsson AB 2009 LZU 108 2148 Rev B

Figure 5-15

Signaling Network Dimensioning

Core Network SS7 protocol stack

MAP
Signaling
User parts

CAP

INAP

T CAP

RANAP/BSSAP/BSSAP+

IPBCP

GCP

IPBCP

ISUP

BICC

SCCP

MTPL3
Signaling
Lower

MTP3b

M3UA

SSCF-NNI
SSCOP

MTPL2

SCT P

AAL5

L1

Ericsson AB 2009 LZU 108 2148 Rev B

Figure 5-16

AT M

IP

L1

L1

Signaling Network Dimensioning

Q.AAL2

TDM Protocol Stack

Ericsson AB 2009 LZU 108 2148 Rev B

Figure 5-17

Signaling Network Dimensioning

Sigtran Protocol Stack

Ericsson AB 2009 LZU 108 2148 Rev B

Figure 5-19

Signaling Network Dimensioning

Multi-homed SCTP association

Ericsson AB 2009 LZU 108 2148 Rev B

Figure 5-20

Signaling Network Dimensioning

STP (MTP level) and SRP (SCCP

level) routing

Ericsson AB 2009 LZU 108 2148 Rev B

Figure 5-21

Signaling Network Dimensioning

Formula for calculation of Signaling

Volumes (SV)

SV events(i ) / s octets / event (i )

i 1

Ericsson AB 2009 LZU 108 2148 Rev B

Figure 5-22

Signaling Network Dimensioning

Ericsson standard traffic model

Ericsson AB 2009 LZU 108 2148 Rev B

Figure 5-23

Signaling Network Dimensioning

Signaling volumes (IP)

Ericsson AB 2009 LZU 108 2148 Rev B

Figure 5-24

Signaling Network Dimensioning

Signaling volumes (TDM)

Ericsson AB 2009 LZU 108 2148 Rev B

Figure 5-26

Signaling Network Dimensioning

Signaling link Dimensioning

Recommended link load is 30-40%
The signaling links are both way, i.e. having a forward
direction and backward direction.
When dimensioning the Signaling Links (SL), the maximum
signaling traffic of the two directions in the SL sets the limit
for the link.

Ericsson AB 2009 LZU 108 2148 Rev B

Figure 5-27

Signaling Network Dimensioning

Signaling Load Calculation

1000K SAU GSM & 500K SAU WCDMA
Sig_Load(bps)= Sig_Volume(oct/sub*hr)*#_users*8 / 3600
Load(G) = 169*1000000*8/3600 = 375555bps = 376Kbps
Load(W) = 171*500000*8/3600 = 190000bps = 190kbps
at 30% loading 1TS can carry 20kbps of signaling
Total 376+190 = 566kbps ~ 30TS

Ericsson AB 2009 LZU 108 2148 Rev B

Figure 5-28

Signaling Network Dimensioning

 Ericsson AB 2009 LZU 108 2148 Rev B

Figure 5-29

Signaling Network Dimensioning