Frequency reuse

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Introduction
LTE

sites are deployed using 3

sectors. Each sector operates on the
same carrier frequency.
The nomenclature for this reuse
pattern is 1x3x1.
This frequency reuse nomenclature
represents the number of sites in the
reuse pattern, the number of sectors
in each site, and the number of
channels in the site.
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example
consider

the 1x3x1 frequency reuse pattern.

The first digit (i.e. 1x3x1) represents the
number of sites used in the reuse pattern
before a frequency is assigned again. For LTE,
the first digit is always 1, meaning the
frequencies are reused in every site.
The second digit (i.e. 1x3x1) represents the
number of sectors deployed in each site.
The third digit (i.e. 1x3x1) represents the
number of channels or carriers distributed
across the sectors of each site
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Frequency Reuse 1
BW and Power Alocation
Secto
Power
r
40
1
Watt
40
2
Watt
40
3
Watt

BW
DL Frequency Color
Channel
2620 -2635
15 Mhz

Mhz
2620 -2635
15 Mhz

Mhz
2620 -2635
15 Mhz

Mhz

Allocated all the available

bandwidth
Every sector using Same
frequency BW
Every sector using uniform
transmit power
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Frequency Reuse 1 cont

Advantages
High frequency efficiency, High sector throughput
Do not need complex scheduling algorithm

Disadvantages
Co-frequency interference is hard (High intercell
interference )

Low Cell edge data rate

Poor SINR at cell edge user

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Frequency Reuse 3

BW and Power Alocation

BW
DL
Channel Frequency
2620 -2625
40 Watt 5 Mhz
Mhz
2625 -2630
40 Watt 5 Mhz
Mhz
2630 -2635
40 Watt 5 Mhz
Mhz

Sector Power
1
2
3

Color

Each sector allocated one third of

available
bandwidth
Uniform transmit power
Reduce intercell interference (ICI )
Improve SINR (cell edge user )

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Frequency Reuse 3 cont

Advantages
Low sector throughput
Do not need complex scheduling algorithm

Disadvantage
Co-frequency interference is low ( low intercell
interference )
High SINR at cell edge user
High Cell edge data rate

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Fractional Frequency Reuse (FFR)

BW and Power Alocation FFR1 & FFR 2

Power
BW
(Watt )
DL
Sector Area
Chann
Color
Frequency
FFR
el
FFR 2
1
Cell
2620
1,2,3
10
15
5 Mhz

Centre
-2625 Mhz
2626
1
30
25
3 Mhz

-2629 Mhz
Cell
2629
2
30
25
3 Mhz

Edge
-2632 Mhz
2632
3
30
25
3 Mhz

-2635 Mhz

Cell Centre
- Transmit power is lower than the
cell edge
- Use 1/3 BW -> skema reuse 1
Cell Edge
- Higher Power transmit than cell
centre
- Skema Reuse 3

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Fractional Frequency Reuse cont

Advantages
Medium sector throughput
Need complex scheduling algorithm

Disadvantage
Co-frequency interference is low ( low intercell
interference )
High SINR at cell edge user
High Cell edge data rate

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Soft Frequency Reuse (SFR )

BW and Power Alocation SFR1 & SFR 2
Power
(Watt )
Secto
BW
Area
DL Frequency
r
Channel
SFR
SFR 2
1
2625 -2635
1
10
15
10 Mhz
Mhz
Cell
2620-2625
2 Centre 10
15
10 Mhz

& 2630-2635
3
10
15
10 Mhz
2620-2630
2620 -2625
1
30
25
5 Mhz
Mhz
Cell
2625 -2630
2
25
5 Mhz
Edge 30
Mhz
3

30

25

5 Mhz

Color

2630 -2635
Mhz

Cell centre

- Use 2/3 BW
- Lower Tx power than cell edge
- Less ICI
Cell edge
- Use 1/3 BW , Higher Tx power,
Improve SINR

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Fractional Frequency Reuse cont

Advantages
High sector throughput
Need complex scheduling algorithm

Disadvantage
Co-frequency interference is low ( low intercell
interference )
Higher SINR at cell edge user
High Cell edge data rate

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Usual 1x3x1 and 1x3x3 allocations

F1

F1

F1

F1

F1

F3

F3

F2

Frequency

F2

Fractional Frequency Allocation: like segmentation in WiMAX

Possibility to allocate 3 fractions of the a channel to 3 sectors of a site
Provides better spectrum usage and interference reduction
Seg1

Seg1

Seg 1 Seg 2 Seg 3

F1
Seg 3

Seg 2

F1
Seg 3

F1

F1

Seg 2

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Physical ID Planning

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 Differences

between a scrambling code

and a PCI: The scrambling code ranges
from 0 to 511 whereas the PCI ranges from
0 to 503. In addition, the protocols do not
have specific requirements for scrambling
code planning. Therefore, only the reuse
distance needs to be ensured in
scrambling
code
planning.
For
PCI
planning, however, 3GPP protocols require
that the value of PCI/3 should be 0, 1, or 2
in each eNB.
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Physical ID Concept
Function

To identify a cell in macro cell

and femtocell
To support Hand Over

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PCI Structure
504

Cell ID

167

Cell ID Group

Cell ID
Sector

Cell ID = 3 * Cell ID Group + Cell ID Sector

The combination of one Cell ID Group value and one Cell ID Sector
value determines a unique physical layer cell ID
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PCI Allocation Scenarios

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Example PCI Allocation

Cell ID 3
Cell ID 3
Cell ID 5Cell ID 4
Cell ID 0
Cell ID 2Cell ID 1

Scenario a , 504 PCIs

available for
macro cell and femtocell
Random Allocation
Femto and macro not
allocated same
PCI
Scenario b , 376 PCIs
available
for macrocell , 128 PCIs for
Femtocell
Dedicated Allocation

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Frequency Planning

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