ANATOMY OF PELVIC

GIRDLE
By: Tiyas K
Airlangga
University

Department of Maternity Child Nursing

Nursing Faculty 2014

PELVIC

A. PELVIC BONE

2 Innominate bone :
Os illium
Os ischium
Os pubic
Sacrum
Coccyx

PELVIC BONE

PELVIC BONE

PELVIC BONE

Sacrum

PELVIC BONE

Coccyges

Pelvic Inlet/Pelvic brim

Area bordered by:

Promontorium
Sacrum
Linea inominata
Ramus Superior
ossis Pubis
Uper border of
Symphisis pubis

Pelvic outlet
Area bordered by:
Sacrum
Tulang Tuber
Ischiadica
Sacro-coccygeal
Lower border of
symphisis pubis

Normal pelvic measurement

Distansia
Cristarum

Distansia
Spinarum

Distansia Cristarum: 2829 cm

Distansia Spinarum: 2526 cm

Inside Pelvic measurement

Conjugata Diagonalis = 12,513cm
Conjugata Vera = CD (1,52cm)
Conjugata Obstetrika = terpendek

Hodge line

Hodge I: imagination line drawn from

promontorium to the upper border of
symphisis pubis
Hodge II: parallel with hodge I measured
from lower border of symphisis
Hodge III: parallel with hodge II,
measured from spina ischiadica
Hodge IV: parallel with hodge III,
measured from coccyx tip

II

III

IV

B. PELVIC LIGAMENT &

MUSCLE

LIGAMENT connect the pelvic joint

Ligament
Ligament
Ligament
Ligament
Ligament

interpubic pada symphysis pubis

sacro iliaca
sacro-coccygeal
sacro-tuberous
sacro spinosus

PELVIC MUSCLE
The inner aspect of the bony pelvis is covered with
muscles:

Above the brim --- iliacus & psoas

Sidewalls ---- obturator internus & its fascia

Post wall ---- pyriformis

Pelvic floor ---- lavator ani & coccygeus

PELVIC MUSCLE

Conjugata Vera

Sacral promontory

Left sacro-iliac joint

Iliopectineal line

Sacrospinous ligament

Sacrotuberous ligament
Ischial spine
Symphysis pubis

Ischial tuberosity

PELVIC EXAMINATION
X-Ray
Jangka Panggul
Distansia Cristarum
Distansia Spinarum
Conjugata eksterna/Bouldeloque:

distance between upper border symphysis

pubis with prosessus spinosus lumbal 5. the
normal measurement 1820 cm

Vaginal Touch

Vaginal Touch Examintion

Promontorium touched/not
Conjugata Vera normal/not
Spina Ischiadica prominent/not
Arkus pubis wide/narrow
Sakrum curve/not

Note:
Touched Promontory usually indicated narrow pelvic
Height 145 cm also indicated narrow pelvic

Differentiation between female and male pelvic

Pelvic Shape

PELVIC SHAPE
1-GYNECOID
Typical female pelvis found in 50% of
women
Roundedslightly oval inlet
Straight pelvic sidewalls with roomy pelvic
cavity
Good sacral curve
Ischial spines are not prominent
Pubic arch is wide

PELVIC SHAPE
2-ANDROID
Typical male pelvis found in 1/3 white
women 1/6 non-white
Pelvic brim is heart shaped
Pelvis funnels from above downwards
(convergent sidewalls)
Narrow pubic arch
Prominent spines

PELVIC SHAPE
3-ANTHROPOID
25% white women & 50% nonwhite
Pelvic brim APD > TD
Long & narrow pelvic canal with long sacrum
Straight pelvic sidewalls
4-PLATYPELLOID
3% of women
Pelvic brim TD >>>APD
kidney shape
Sacral promontory pushed forwards

Pelvic Shape Deviation

A. Panggul Naegele
B. Panggul Rakhitis
C. Panggul Skoliosis
D. Panggul Kifosis
E. -- dari Samping
F. Panggul Osteomalasia
G. Panggul Spondilolistesis
H. Panggul Robert

Causes of pelvic deviation

Congenital:
Narrow palvic
Simple flat
Funnel (narrow outlet)
Assimilation
Disease :
Rachitic
Osteomalasia
TBC
Lordosis
Skoliosis
Kifosis
Spondilosis

Deviation impact

Prolonged labor
CPD (Chepalo Pelvic Disproportion)
Breech presentation
Infertility

Daftar pustaka

Wyknyosastro , S., (2002) Ilmu

Kebidanan. Jakarta: Yayasan Bina
Pustaka Sarwono Prawiroharjo
Cunningham, H. et. al., (2005) Williams
Obstetrics. 22nd. New York: McGRAW-HILL
Bobak, LM. & Jensen, MD., (2005)
Maternity & Gynecology Care: The Nurse
and The Family. 5th Ed. St. Louis: Mosby
company

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