Dr Syed Shatir A.

SyedHassan
CEng MIChemE

Leadership and Professional

Ethics for Engineers

Self-Awareness and
Developing
Interpersonal Skills

 Leadership Style emphasise on leaders

behaviours
Two general kind of leaders behaviours: task
behaviours and relationship behaviours
4 categories of leadership styles
Situational leadership apply different
leadership styles depending on the
subordinates development level
Organisation and individual differences
Personality and ability
Big five personality dimensions

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What You Learned Last

Week?

 Understanding yourself in a way that

allows you to understand who you really
are and why you do things in the way
that you do.
It requires reflection and relection
requires you to think about yourself
with regard to your actions, feelings,
interaction and thoughts.
Reflection can be undertaken by
yourself or with other people.

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Self-Awareness?

 When we know who we are and why we

act the way we do, we can begin to:
understand our inner selves, improve our
personalities and learn to get along with others.
gain more control and make better decision
be more flexible and confident with our approach
Deal with challenges in more positive way

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Why do we want to
know about our self?

Leadership and Professional

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Self-awareness lead
to personal
development

 Johari Window
SWOT Analysis
Personality Profiling Test

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Tools for self-awareness

and personal
development

 Developed by American
psychologists Joseph Luft and
Harry Ingham in the 1950's.
Based on a four-square grid like a
window with four panes

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Johari Window

Leadership and Professional

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Johari Window

WATCH JOHARI WINDOW ON

YOUTUBE

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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-7FhcvoVK8s

Youtube:
How to speak so that people
want to listen

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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eIho2S0ZahI

Strenght
s

Weaknes
ses

Opportuni
ties

Threats

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SWOT Analysis

WATCH SWOT ANALYSIS ON

YOUTUBE

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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JGiyetz0R8k

 Personality tests are designed to gather

information about temperament, character
traits, decision-making methods,
communication styles, behaviour and
attitude towards life, work, education,
recreation and people.
The information helps us to understand
why we think, feel and behave the way
that we do, and why people may behave so
differently when faced with the same
situation.

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Personality Profiling
Test

A:_____ times = ____%

B:_____ times = ____%
C:_____ times = ____%
D:_____ times = ____%

_____
4 times =
10____

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From the personality test given,

count how many times you
choose A, B, C or D and find the
percentages.

 Personality types were first discovered

by a Greek Physicians, Hippocrates,
around 400 BC.
Hippocrates suggested that there are
four fundamental personality types:
Sanguine - The Popular Personality
Melancholy - The Perfect Personality

Choleric- The Powerful Personality

Phlegmatic- The Peaceful Personality

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Personality Profiling
Test

A: Sanguine
B: Melancholy
C: Choleric
D: Phlegmatic

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Know Your Temperaments

 Most people are a combination but do display

a dominant tendency of one of them.
Based on the Hippocrates's four
temperaments, Florence Littauer developed
a personality profiling test called personality
plus test.
There are a number of other personality tests
developed (for example by Meyer-Briggs,
Hogan, and Keirsey-Bates).
In this lecture we will only look at the
personality plus.

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The four
temperaments

Leadership and Professional

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Personality Plus

Leadership and Professional

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Popular
Sanguine

The extrovert The talker

 Appealing personality
Talkative, storyteller, cheerful, bubbly
Good sense of humor
Emotional, expressive and demonstrative
Curious
Good on stage
Lives in the present
Sincere at heart
Always a child

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Popular Sanguines
Emotions

 Volunteers for jobs

Thinks up new activities
Looks great on the surface
Creative and colourful
Has energy and enthusiasm
Inspires others to join
Charms others to work

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Popular Sanguine At
Work

 Makes friends easily

Loves people
Thrives on compliments
Seems exciting
Envied by others
Doesnt hold grudges
Apologizes quickly
Prevents dull moments
Likes spontaneous activities

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Popular Sanguine As a
Friend

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Perfect
Melancholy

The introvert The thinker The

pessimist

 Deep and thoughtful

Analytical
Serious and purposeful
Genius prone
Talented and creative
Artistic, musical, philosophical & poetic
Conscientious
Sensitive to others
Self-sacrificing
Idealistic

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Perfect Melancholys
Emotions

 Schedule oriented
Perfectionist, high standards
Detail conscious
Persistent and thorough
Orderly and organized
Neat and tidy
Economical
Sees the problems
Finds creative solutions
Needs to finish what is started
Likes charts, graphs, figures, lists

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Perfect Melancholy At
Work

 Makes friends cautiously

Content to stay in background
Avoids causing attention
Faithful and devoted
Will listen to complaints
Can solve others problems
Deep concern for other people
Seeks ideal mate

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Perfect Melancholy As a
Friend

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Powerful
Choleric

The extrovert The doer The

optimist

 Born leader
Dynamic and active
Compulsive need for change
Must correct wrongs
Strong willed and decisive
Unemotional
Not easily discouraged
Independent and self-sufficient
Exudes confidence

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Powerful Cholerics
Emotions

 Goal oriented
Sees the whole picture
Organize well
Seeks practical solutions
Moves quickly to action
Delegates work
Insists on production
Stimulates activity
Thrives on opposition

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Powerful Choleric At
Work

 Has little need for friends

Will work for group activity
Will lead and organize
Is usually right
Excels in emergencies

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Powerful Choleric As a
Friend

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Peaceful
Phlegmatic

The introvert The watcher The

pessimist

 Low-key personality
Easygoing, relaxed, calm and cool
Patient, Well-balanced
Consistent life
Quiet but witty
Sympathetic and kind
Keeps emotions hidden
Happily reconciled to life

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Peaceful Phlegmatics
Emotions

 Competent and steady

Peaceful and agreeable
Has administrative ability
Mediates problems
Avoids conflicts
Good under pressure
Finds the easy way

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Peaceful Phlegmatic At
Work

 Easy to get along with

Pleasant and enjoyable
Inoffensive
Good listener
Dry sense of humor
Enjoys watching people
Has many friends
Has compassion and concern

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Peaceful Phlegmatic As a
Friend

Quite often the same characteristics can

both be a plus and a minus (according to
degree)..
many positives carried to extremes become
negatives.

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In each of us, we have traits that are

positives and traits that produce negative
responses in others.

Great ability to carry on a colorful

conversation is a plus envied by
others;
but
Carried to extremes .
constantly talking, monopolizing,
interrupting and straying too far
from the truth.

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Popular Sanguine

Deep analytical thinking is a

genius trait, much respected;
but
Carried to extremes .
Becomes brooding and
depressed.

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Perfect
Melancholies

Gifts for quick, incisive

leadership is desperately needed
in every phase of life today ;
but
Carried to extremes .
Becomes bossy, controlling and
manipulative.

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Powerful Cholerics

Easygoing nature is an admirable

combination that makes him the
favorite of any group;
but
Carried to extremes .
Doesnt care about doing
anything and is indifferent and
indecisive.

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Peaceful
Phlegmatics

From Wiki:
DISC is a behavior assessment tool based
on the DISC theory of psychologist William
Moulton Marston, which centers on four
different behavioral traits, which today are
called: dominance (D),
Influence (I),
Steadiness (S),
and compliance (C).
This theory was then developed into a
behavioral assessment tool by industrial
psychologist Walter Vernon Clarke.

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DISC BEHAVIOUR
ASSESSMENT TOOL

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Marston, after conducting research on human

emotions, published his findings in his 1928
book called Emotions of Normal People in which
he explained that people illustrate their
emotions using four behavior types: Dominance
(D), Inducement (I), Submission (S), and
Compliance (C).
He argued that these behavioral types came
from peoples sense of self and their
interaction with the environment. He
included two dimensions that influenced
peoples emotional behavior. (i) whether a
person views his environment as favorable or
unfavorable. (ii) whether a person perceives
himself as having control or lack of control
over his environment.

Watch DISC Assessment on

Youtube

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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FPluLATa5YQ

Watch DISC Personality Training

with Donna Rueppell on Youtube

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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8B9pFrEKYfo

Watch on Youtube:
Your personality and your brain |
Scott Schwefel | TEDxBrookings

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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8pq_tCgDkT4

Leadership and Professional

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We should pay special attention

to those extremes of behavior
that are offensive to others,
and
finally pledge ourselves that we will
dedicate ourselves to overcoming these
problem areas.

Leadership and Professional

Ethics for Engineers

In whatever way you come out on the

Personality Profile,
remember it is not the label
but
the understanding of your own personality
strengths and weaknesses
that is important.

Leadership and Professional

Ethics for Engineers

As we understand ourselves and become

true to our own natures,
We automatically develop
a new acceptance
for those people who dont see things
our way
and who wish to live in a style contrary to
our perceptions.

 It is about developing and

improving aspects of an individual
(e.g. education, motivation,
feelings, health, skills, abilities and
etc.)
Requires individual to set goals and
benchmarks.
It is an on-going process of change.

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Personal
Development

Personal
Development
In two
years I
want ..

In ten
years I
want

In five
years I
want ..

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Currently
, I am
.