Jagran Lakecity U niversity

SchoolO f Engineering & Technology

Subm itted By :
N isha Khan
Pragyanshu Paradkar

8051 M icroprocessor

Subm itted To :
M s. Abhilasha Singh
Asst.Prof .
Soet JLU

W hat is M icrocontroller?
Amicrocontrolleris a smallcomputer(SoC) on
a singleintegrated circuitcontaining a processor
core, memory, and
programmableinput/outputperipherals.
Program memory in the form ofFerroelectric
RAM,NOR flashor OTP ROMis also often
included on chip, as well as a typically small
amount ofRAM. Microcontrollers are designed
for embedded applications, in contrast to
themicroprocessorsused inpersonal
computersor other general purpose applications
consisting of various discrete chips.

W hat is it ?
Microprocessor: general-purpose CPU
Emphasis is on flexibility and performance
Generic user-interface such as keyboard, mouse, etc.
Used in a PC, PDA, cell phone, etc.

Microcontroller: microprocessor + memory on a single chip

Emphasis is on size and cost reduction
The user interface is tailored to the application, such as the buttons on a
TV remote control
Used in a digital watch, TV remote control, car and many common dayto-day appliances

H istory
In 1980, Intel introduced the 8051, relevant today after more than
two decades
First device in the MCS-51 family of 8-bit microcontrollers
In addition to Intel there are other second source suppliers of the
ICs, who make microcontrollers that are compatible with the 8051
architecture.
In recent years some companies have incorporated many different
and additional features into 8051
In 2000, Silicon Laboratories introduced a field programmable,
mixed-signal chip (C8051F020) based on the 8051 core CPU
This will be the platform for this course.

H ow they diff
er !
Microprocessor
CPU is stand-alone, RAM,
ROM, I/O, timer are
separate
designer can decide on the
amount of ROM, RAM and
I/O ports.
expensive
versatility
general-purpose

Microcontroller
CPU, RAM, ROM, I/O and
timer are all on a single chip
fix amount of on-chip ROM,
RAM, I/O ports
for applications in which cost,
power and space are critical
single-purpose

Block D iagram
External interrupts
Interrupt
Control

On-chip
ROM for
program
code

Timer/Counter

On-chip
RAM

Timer 1
Timer 0

CPU

OSC

Bus
Control

4 I/O Ports

P0 P1 P2 P3

Address/Data

Serial
Port

TxD RxD

Counter
Inputs

Schem atic
Pin D escription

Foot Pin

P1.0
P1.1
P1.2
P1.3
P1.4
P1.5
P1.6
P1.7
RST
(RXD)P3.0
(TXD)P3.1
(INT0)P3.2
(INT1)P3.3
(T0)P3.4
(T1)P3.5
(WR)P3.6
(RD)P3.7
XTAL2
XTAL1
GND

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20

8051
(8031)
(8751)
(8951)

40
39
38
37
36
35
34
33
32
31
30
29
28
27
26
25
24
23
22
21

Vcc
P0.0(AD0
)P0.1(AD1)
P0.2(AD2
)P0.3(AD3)
P0.4(AD4)
P0.5(AD5)
P0.6(AD6)
P0.7(AD7)

P2.7(A15)
P2.6(A14
)P2.5(A13
)P2.4(A12
)P2.3(A11)
P2.2(A10)
P2.1(A9)
P2.0(A8)

D escription
One of the most useful features of the 8051 is that it contains four I/O ports (P0 - P3)
Port 0 pins 32-39 P0 P0.0 P0.7
8-bit R/W - General Purpose I/O
Or acts as a multiplexed low byte address and data bus for external memory design
Port 1 pins 1-8
P1 P1.0 P1.7
Only 8-bit R/W - General Purpose I/O
Port 2 pins 21-28 P2 P2.0 P2.7
8-bit R/W - General Purpose I/O
Or high byte of the address bus for external memory design
Port 3 pins 10-17 P3 P3.0 P3.7
General Purpose I/O
if not using any of the internal peripherals (timers) or external interrupts.

Each port can be used as input or output (bi-direction )

TH AN K YO U