House

is a
Basic Need

House:
House closed space, which accommodates different rooms, utilities and other
services are grouped together in proper manner is called house or dwelling.
During planning any house it must be consider that who is going to utilize that
house, what is their living standard, social life etc.
House is dwellingplace, which is constructed one or more persons in a family for
provides protection from weather and adversaries.
Thephysicalcharacteristics of a house depend on the surrounding environment,
available materials, construction technological types, and cultural determinants as
the social status and economic resources of the owner.
The primary structural materials employed are
Wood,
Mud,
Stone,
Concrete and steel ,

Housing:
Housing means number of houses/welling are constructed in a place more than one
family or for group of living.
The housing concept was developed in the world due to the civilization in the mans
life and before that there is no housing concept.
Birth of the housing in the world is due to many reasons, such as ;
1.

Poor class people in not allowed to live in good-housing in ancient times;

2.

Industrial Revolution;

3.

City formation,

4.

Urbanization and

5.

Slums formation and their removal.

A matter of fact, the poorer is not allowed to live good housing in ancient times. , even
in modern also.
Then the ugly houses for the unfortunate led to fore the public to force the government
to provide good housing to those who are economically unable to provide for
themselves.

Housing Classification as rural & Urban:

Housing is broadly classified in to urban housing and rural housing based on
census or population count.
A settlement as defined as urban settlement based on the following
conditions;
75% of the male working population is non-agriculture;
The density of population per km2 is above 400;
Any other place where urban characteristics were found.
Broadly speaking, all the settlements having population less the 400 persons
per km2 or 75% of male working on agriculture is called as rural settlement.

Housing Typology:
Housing is broadly classified in to followings mostly based on it construction as well as
area type of urban area.
1. Detached House;
2. Semi-detached house;
3. Row House;
4. Terrace house;
5. Apartment house;
6. Skyscrapers.

Detached House:
A dwelling whose walls and roof are independent, which has open space on all sides is
called as detached house. This house is used for one family only.
The design of detached urban house can be made by considering the individual
requirements of the family accommodated in that house.
The detached house includes modern facilities like private garden, swimming pool etc.
It is a highest form of urban housing, generally applicable where land values are
comparatively low.

Housing Typology:
Semi-Detached House:
It an attached twin of detached house with common wall and roof.
Semi-detached housing has open space on three-sides only.
The semi-detached house are mostly single storey only with complete accommodation
at ground floor.
In some cases semi-detached house may ground, first floor and second floor also.
Row of House:
Is the more housing units (more than two) are arranged in a row with common
walls and roof.
The row housing units have open space on three-side for the first and last in
the row and the middle housing units may have open space on two sides only
like front and back.
The row-houses may be ground or ground and first floor as per the need.
The application of is more suitable where the scarcity of land like in urban.

Housing Typology:
Apartment:
It is a sort of row with number of floors.
The development of apartment housing system due to migration by formation of cities,
urban areas, migration, rise of land price, use of new technology etc.
An apartment consists of number of storey's or floors and each storey may
accommodate number of tenements or individual families.
This type of housing is more suitable for cities and urban areas where the land value is
very high as well as nature of urban area needs.
It gives sun light and pure air to the residents who are at top floors,
It gives relief against noise nuisance;
It permits more open space around the building for various purposes like parking, play
ground;
It reduce the distance between occupants to save their time and energy;

Housing Typology:
Skyscrapers:
The growing need of land consequently sudden rise in land price in big cities
further led to the concept of multi-storied buildings called as skyscrapers.
The skyscrapers may provide multi-functional spaces at different floors such as
business space in ground, office space in first, second and space for residential
at top floors.
Skyscrapers can provides the following benefits;
It gives sun light and pure air to the residents who are at top floors,
It gives relief against noise nuisance;
It permits regional level, and the potential for housing policy to play a
role in regional and sub-regional economic development, has been little
considered by practitioners.

Importance of Housing:
According to National Building Organization (NBO) housing is as permanent
or semi-permanent unit of a dwelling that can accommodate an average
households.
In general, house or housing are useful in various ways, it a place where one
can cook-food, take rest, sleep and so on.
It can also be used as shop, working place, conducting business of any kind. As
a matter of fact, a house is a part and parcel of mans life.
Housing can contributes to national income development, national wealth and
national employment. It is a source of revenue for Central, State and Local
governments.
Housing has potentiality to a great extent in promoting human welfare, social
life, economic growth, health of community and various other related aspects
of human life.
The housing provides a roof for somebody to live under and it serves as a
source of income to the labor used in the construction sector/industry.
Housing welcomes new technology in the construction sector, it creates un-

Demand of Housing:
House or housing is the first unit of society and it is the primary unit of
the human habitation.
House/hosing is built-envelop to grant protection against wind and
weather, to give insurance against physical in security of all kinds.
As fact of matter, urban house has come to occupy an increasing role as
a framework of family and social life.
The demand of housing in any area like city/town/urban due to:
Rate of population growth and urbanization;
Town planning and environmental conditions;
Availability of cheap finance;
\Availability of skilled labor;
Availability of transport facility;
Predictions of future demand;
Rate of interest on investment etc.

Role of Housing in Socio-Economic Development:

Housing can take economic importance and it contributes to national
income, national wealth and national employment.
It is a source of revenue for Central, State and Local governments.
Housing has potentiality to a great extent in promoting human welfare,
social life, economic growth, health of community etc.
Housing can contribute to economic development in a number of ways:
It can contribute to the process of physical regeneration;
It can upgrade town and city centers.
It can improve the range and quality of housing in an area;
It can help to attract particular types of migrants to change the socioeconomic profile.
It can help to contribute to the creation of mixed income communities.
It can creates both immediate and long-term employment opportunities;
The development and rehabilitation of affordable housing for the state
and localities;
It can attract rental households;
It can improve public revenue and economic conditions.