WiTricity

Wireless Electricity
Gajendra Patel,
Electrical Engineering.
SVNIT Surat.

TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
NEED OF WITRICITY
HISTORY
BASICS
TYPES OF WIRELESS POWER TRANSFER
EFFICIENCY OF WITRICITY
APPLICATIONS
ADVANTAGES
LIMITATIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES

WHAT IS
WITRICITY ??
WiTricity is nothing but Wireless Electricity.
Transmission of electrical energy from one
object to another without the use of wire is
called WiTricity.

Cables are going to be replaced by WiTricity

Why not wires?

As per studies,most electrical energy
transfer is through wires.
Most of the energy loss is during
transmission
i. On an average, more than 30%.
ii. In India , it exceeds by 40%

Why not batteries?

Estimated that 40 billion batteries per year
add to the e-waste burden. And of course its

 Imagine

your cell phones, laptops, i-pods

and other power hungry devices getting

charged on their own, eliminating the need of
plugging in.
And this is
possible due to
wireless
Electrcity Or
WiTricity.

HISTORY OF WIRELESS
In POWER
1899, Sir Nikola Tesla Proposed a
method of Wireless Power
Transmission.
In 1899 he was able to 200 lamps
over 25 miles away without using
wires.
As it is in Radiative mode, most of
the Power was wasted and has less
efficiency.
Radio frequency energy is used for
wireless power transfer.

The forgotten
invention is reborn in
2007
It was probably the
sixth time that MIT
Professor Marin
Soljai was
awakened by his
A physics
research
group, led by Prof. Marin
mobile
phone
beeping
Soljacic,at
battery
low.MIT, wirelessly power a 60W light bulb
with 43% efficiency at a 2 meters distance using
two 60 cm-diameter coils.

inductively to an
oscillating
circuit; the other design
(device coil) is
Experimental
coupled
inductively to a resistive load. Self-resonant
coils rely
on the interplay between distributed
inductance and
distributed capacitance to achieve resonance.

WiTricity Technology
Power source is connected to ac
power.
Bulb is connected to capture device.

Blue lines represent the magnetic near fiel

induced by the power source.

Yellow lines represent the flow of energy fro

the source to the capture coil.

This power lights up the bulb.

The magnetic field can wrap around the obsta

between power source and capture coil.

Types of wireless energy

transfer
In general, witricity is classified
into three types, they are:
Short range; Inductive Coupling.
Medium range; Resonant Induction.
Long range; Electromagnetic Wave
Transfer.

Power

10

Inductive Coupling:
Inductive coupling works on the principles
of
electromagnetism.
When a current (electricity) passes through a wire, it
generates a magnetic field perpendicular to the wire.
When a wire is in proximity to a magnetic field, it
generates a current in that wire.
Magnetic fields decay quickly , making inductive
coupling effective only at very short ranges.

11

Resonant induction:
Resonant induction still uses the
same principles as magnetic
induction (magnetic fields to
transfer current) , but it uses
resonance to increase the
range at which the transfer can
efficiently take place.
Resonance", a phenomenon
that causes an object to vibrate
when energy of a certain
frequency is applied.

12

Everything
resonates
at
a
certain
frequency,
based on its shape
and
material.
Energy
transfers
easily
between
An example
of this is when an opera
resonating objects.
singer shatters wine glasses by singing
at the frequency at which the glasses
resonate.
With resonant induction, power is
transmitted between two resonating
coils.

LONG RANGE:
Far-field method achieves longer ranges
which is much greater than the diameter of
device.
In long range the electricity is converted
into microwaves and transmitted for a long
distances.
It is a on going research in the field of
WiTricity

How efficient is WiTricity?

WiTricity have only about 40-45% of efficiency.
The efficiency of WiTricity is based on distance
between the source coil and the load coil.
And it is mainly based on the resonating
frequency of the coils.

16

WiTricity Applications
Consumer Electronics

Automatic wireless charging of mobile electronics in home, cars, offi

Mobile phones, Laptops, Game controllers etc.

Industrial Applications

Direct wireless power and communication interconnectionsat points of u

harsh environments.
In Drilling, Mining, Underwater etc.

Transportation
Automatic wirelesscharging for existing electric vehicle classes.
In Golf carts, Cars etc.

Other Applications( Medical devices, Military applicat

and Robots)

Benefits of WiTricity
More Convenient:
-Nomake
manual
recharging
or changing batteries.
It will
products
:
-Eliminate unsightly, unwieldy and costly power
More Convenient:
cords.
-No manual recharging or changing batteries.

-Eliminate unsightly, unwieldy and costly power cords.

More Reliable:
More Reliable:
-Never run out of battery power.
-Never run out of battery power.
-Reduce
product
ratesthe
byweakest
fixing link:
the weakest
-Reduce
product
failure failure
rates by fixing
flexing
wiring
link:and
flexing wiring and
mechanical interconnects.
mechanical interconnects.
More Environmentally Friendly:
-ReduceEnvironmentally
use of disposable batteries.
More
Friendly:
-Use efficient electric grid power directly instead of inefficient
-Reduce use of disposable batteries.
battery
-Use efficient electric grid power directly instead
Charging.

of inefficient battery
Charging.

Advantage of WiTricity:
Safe, fairly efficient, good range.
Boon for the devices which uses midrange
power
No need of line of sight
No need of power cables and batteries
Magnetic fields interact weakly with biological
masses (humans), and energy is only transmitted
between resonating objects
19

LIMITATION:
Transmissions possible only in
few meters
Possibility of energy theft
Efficiency decreases with
distance
The resonance condition should
be satisfied and if any error
exists, there is no possibility of
power transfer

CONCLUSION:
The transmission of power without wires is
not theory or a mere possibility, it isnow a
reality. The electrical energy can be
economically transmitted without wires to any
terrestrial distance.

The system would reduce the cost of

electrical energy used by the consumer and
get rid of the landscape of wires, cables, and
transmission towers. It has negligible demerits
like reactive power which was found
insignificant andbiologically compatible.

REFERENCES:
i. www.wikipedia.com
ii. www.witricity.com
iii.http://
www.sciencedirect.com/science/journals
iv.http://www.electricitybid.com/electricity/in
dex.php/2007/06/08/witricity/