PROJECT GUIDE :

Mr.V.S.SIVAKUMAR
(SENIOR LECTURER)
MEMBERS :
HITHAYATHULLA.S.S (99808114014)
MUTHU.R
(99808114030)
KARTHIKEYAN.N
(99808114307)
MARISELVAM.C
(99808114308)

The solar agro sprayer draws energy from the sun, converts into
electrical energy and stored it in a battery.
The electrical energy is used to power a centrifugal fan which
provides the high velocity air required to spray the pesticides.
Our project weighs around 14kg and can be carried by an average
human on back.
The energy from the sun is free, unlimited and most importantly
clean which makes the solar agro sprayer Eco-friendly.

Solar cell
Tank
Charge
controller

Lead acid
battery

DC
moto
r

Centrifu
gal fan

Nozzle

Components used
COMPONENTS

MATERIALS

QUANTITY

Photo voltaic cell

Silicon

Battery

Lead acid battery

Charge controller

Circuit board

Centrifugal fan

Fiber

Nozzle

Sheet metal

Tank

Plastic

Frame

Stainless steel

Flexible hose

Plastic

Valve

Plastic

Bolts and nuts

Stainless steel

Required

PHOTO VOLTAIC CELL:

The idea was to make the solar agro sprayer portable. So our first
priority was to design it as weightless as possible that it can be easily
carried around on our back. Therefore we choice 12V 10W photo voltaic
cell since it is not only weight less but also readily available
Moreover spraying of pesticides to crops is not a day to day
process. It is used only in every fifteen or twenty days. Therefore faster
battery charging is not required. It weights around 300grams

DC MOTOR POWERED CENTRIFUGAL FAN

Since its only a 10W solar panel, there was a power constraint
within which a motor should be selected
A 12V Direct current motor is enough to power a blower was
very difficult to find. A 12V 15Ah DC Motor which rotates at 3350 rpm
coupled with Centrifugal fan used in air conditioning system has been
selected and used in our project . It has the capacity to boost the air
required for spraying the pesticides.

FRAME

The frame should be small enough to be carried in our back .And

also it should be strong enough to withstand the weight of the
components attached on it. So 18 gauge steel plate was chosen as the raw
material. The frame is around 650mm tall. The base of the frame is
365mm in length and 275mm wide. The weight of the frame is 4kg.

DESIGN AND CALCULATIONS

CHARGE CURRENT CALCULATIONS
Power = current voltage
Current = power / voltage
In our project a 12V photovoltaic cell is used with a power
rating of 10W
Charge current ( Amps) = 10/12
= 0.833A
CHARGE TIME CALCULATION
The photovoltaic cell is required to charge a12V 14Ah Battery
Charge time = Amp of the battery battery / charge current
= 14/.833
= 16 hrs

CHARGE DAYS CALCULATION

The productive solar hours in a day ranges from 8a.m to 4p.m
(ie 8 hrs)
Days required for charging = charge time ( in hrs)/8
= 16/8
= 2 days
NOZZLE DESIGN
The anemometer used was calibrated in meters. One complete
Revolution of the pointer equals 100 meters
Velocity = Meters/Seconds
VELOCITY OF AIR AT FLEXIBLE HOSE EXIT

Anemometer Reading
S.
No No of
Revolution

Total
Divisions (No of rev*100)
+ Div

Tim
e

velocity
(m/s)

(sec)

66

266

30

8.867

71

271

30

9.033

74

274

30

9.133

68

268

30

8.933

71

271

30

9.033

Velocity of air at Nozzle Inlet

(V1) = 8.867+9.033+9.133+8.933+9.033
5
V1 = 8.9 m/s
The velocity measured at the outlet of the flexible hose (V1) is the inlet
velocity of the nozzle. Similarly the area of the hose is nothing but the
inlet area of the nozzle
Therefore we have,
Diameter of Nozzle Inlet (D1) = 60 mm
Area of Nozzle Inlet
( A1) = 2.827*10 m
Velocity at Nozzle inlet (V1) = 8.9 m/s
Velocity at nozzle exit (V2) = 20 m/s
Diameter of Nozzle outlet(D2) = ?

According to Continuity Equation

A1*V1 = A2*V2
A2 = A1*V1
V2
= ( 2.827* 10*8.9)
20
A2 = 1.258*10m
D2 = (1.258*10*4)

= 40 mm

(since, area = D/4)

Diameter of nozzle outlet = 40 mm

VELOCITY OF AIR AT THE NOZZLE EXIT

Anemometer Reading
S.N
o
No of
Revolution

Divisio
ns

Total
(No of
rev*100)
+ Div

Tim veloc
e
ity
(se (m/s)
c)

13
1

90

390

88

388

30

12.933

93

393

30

13.1

90

390

30

13
30

Velocity of air at nozzle Exit

(V2) = 13+12.933+13.1+13+13.033
5
V2 = 13.01 m/s

The solar cell is used to convert sunlight incident on it into direct

current
The electrical energy generated using the solar panel is stored in a
lead acid battery
A charge controller is used to maintain the battery at highest
possible state of charge while protecting it from overcharge.It
also prevents the over-discharge of the battery under load
The DC motor is used to convert the electrical energy stored in the
battery to mechanical energy
The DC motor is used to operate a centrifugal fan which is
connected to it

The centrifugal fan gives the required air for spraying purpose
The air is taken to the nozzle by means of a flexible hose
The tank is used to hold the liquefied particles such as pesticides
The nozzle has a valve ,which when opened will allow the
pesticides to enter the nozzle
This pesticides will be sprayed at high velocity air flowing
through the nozzle