Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
(GasAbsorption)
ABSORPTION
This is the passage of one substance into or
through the bulk of another medium e.g
Perfume and Chips { When a substance is
absorbed in a different medium}
Adsorption is the adhesion or sticking
together of molecules of a gas, liq, or
dissolved solids to the surface of a solid or
sometimes liquid e.g Red dye soltn and Gas
mask (easily reversible by simple heating)
Gas absorption
(also known as scrubbing)
is an operation in which a gaseous mixture
is contacted with a liquid for the purpose of
preferentially dissolving one or more
components of the gas mixture and to
provide a solution of them in the liquid.
there is a mass transfer of the component of
the gas from the gas phase to the liquid
phase.
The solute to transfer is said to be absorbed
by the liquid.
Method of Operation
co-current operation.
Counter-current
co-current
Counter-current operation
Types of columns
Spray Column:
The gas flows upward continuously through an open
chamber
in which scrubbing liquid droplets falls from spray nozzles
through the gas.
The gas pressure drop is small, but separation is not as
good as the bubble column.
This column is widely used for its simplicity, low pressure
drop, and resistance to scale deposition and plugging.
TRAY Column:
Packed Column
Bubble Column
The gas is forced under pressure through
perforated pipes submerged in the
scrubbing liquid.
As such the gas phase is dispersed and
the liquid phase is continuous.
As the bubbles rise through the liquid,
absorption of the gas occurs.
This type of device suffers from the high
pressure drop due to the liquid
hydrostatic head.
mathematical equation.
The Kremser-Brown-Souders (KBS)
Equation
For dilute system, recall that both the operating line and equilibrium
line are straight, even on x-y coordinates.
In this case, the number of theoretical stages required for a given
separation can be calculated using the Kremser-Brown-Souders
Equation as shown:
Absorption
to
form
nontoxic
Chemical
form nontoxic
compounds
reduction to
compounds
Adsorption onto solid surfaces
Absorption into liquids
Biological oxidation to form
nontoxic compounds
as Absorption Equipment
Gas Absorption
Equipment
Another counter current
flow tower configuration
Cross-Flow Scrubber
Packing Elements
Packing Elements
Packing material provides a large
surface area for mass transfer
Packing elements are made of
plastic (polyethylene,polypropylene,
polyvinylchloride), ceramic or metal
Sizes range from 1 to 4 inches each
Design depends on corrosiveness of
gas, scrubbing liquid, size of absorber,
static pressure drop and cost