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  • Microkernel: By: Alyssa Maureen L. Yusi

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    A microkernel is an approach to operating system design that moves most functionality out of the traditional kernel into separate servers that communicate via messages passed through a minimal kernel. This leaves as little code running at high privileges as possible. Microkernels use inter-process communication and message passing between servers to handle tasks like device drivers and file systems. While microkernels themselves are small, the total code including servers can be larger than monolithic kernels. Advantages include increased security, portability, and modularity, while disadvantages include potential performance penalties from message passing. Examples of microkernels include Windows NT, MACH, and Mac OS.

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    Presentation for IAS

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    Microkernel

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    A microkernel is an approach to operating system design that moves most functionality out of the traditional kernel into separate servers that communicate via messages passed through a minimal kernel. This leaves as little code running at high privileges as possible. Microkernels use inter-process communication and message passing between servers to handle tasks like device drivers and file systems. While microkernels themselves are small, the total code including servers can be larger than monolithic kernels. Advantages include increased security, portability, and modularity, while disadvantages include potential performance penalties from message passing. Examples of microkernels include Windows NT, MACH, and Mac OS.

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    26 Ansichten9 Seiten

    Microkernel: By: Alyssa Maureen L. Yusi

    Hochgeladen von

    AlyssaMaureenYusi
    A microkernel is an approach to operating system design that moves most functionality out of the traditional kernel into separate servers that communicate via messages passed through a minimal kernel. This leaves as little code running at high privileges as possible. Microkernels use inter-process communication and message passing between servers to handle tasks like device drivers and file systems. While microkernels themselves are small, the total code including servers can be larger than monolithic kernels. Advantages include increased security, portability, and modularity, while disadvantages include potential performance penalties from message passing. Examples of microkernels include Windows NT, MACH, and Mac OS.

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    BY: AL

    WHAT IS MICROKERNEL?
    MICROKERNEL IS THE TERM DESCRIBING AN APPROACH TO

    OPERATING SYSTEM DESIGN BY WHICH THE FUNCTIONALITY OF


    THE SYSTEM IS MOVED OUT OF THE TRADITIONAL KERNEL INTO
    A SET OF SERVERS THAT COMMUNICATE THROUGH A MINIMAL
    KERNEL, LEAVING AS LITTLE AS POSSIBLE IN SYSTEM SPACE
    AND AS MUCH AS POSSIBLE IN USER SPACE.

    MICROKERNEL USES MESSAGE PASSING (ALSO KNOWN AS


    IPC OR INTER-PROCESS COMMUNICATION)
    INTER-PROCESS COMMUNICATION (IPC) IS ANY MECHANISM WHICH ALLOWS SEPARATE PROCESSES TO
    COMMUNICATE WITH EACH OTHER, USUALLY BY SENDING MESSAGES. SHARED MEMORY IS STRICTLY
    SPEAKING ALSO AN INTER-PROCESS COMMUNICATION MECHANISM, BUT THE ABBREVIATION IPC USUALLY
    ONLY REFERS TO MESSAGE PASSING, AND IT IS THE LATTER THAT IS PARTICULARLY RELEVANT TO
    MICROKERNELS. IPC ALLOWS THE OPERATING SYSTEM TO BE BUILT FROM A NUMBER OF SMALL PROGRAMS
    CALLED SERVERS, WHICH ARE USED BY OTHER PROGRAMS ON THE SYSTEM, INVOKED VIA IPC. MOST OR ALL
    SUPPORT FOR PERIPHERAL HARDWARE IS HANDLED IN THIS FASHION, WITH SERVERS FOR DEVICE
    DRIVERS, NETWORK PROTOCOL STACKS, FILE SYSTEMS, GRAPHICS, ETC.

    MOST MICROKERNELS USE A MESSAGE PASSING SYSTEM OF SOME SORT


    TO HANDLE REQUESTS FROM ONE SERVER TO ANOTHER. THE MESSAGE
    PASSING SYSTEM GENERALLY OPERATES ON A PORT BASIS WITH THE
    MICROKERNEL.

    EXAMPLE, IF A REQUEST FOR MORE MEMORY IS SENT, A PORT IS OPENED

    WITH THE MICROKERNEL, (THE STEPS ARE SIMILAR) AND THE REQUEST IS
    SENT THROUGH. ONCE WITHIN THE MICROKERNEL, THE STEPS ARE SIMILAR
    TO SYSTEM CALLS.

    ALTHOUGH MICROKERNELS ARE VERY SMALL BY THEMSELVES, IN COMBINATION WITH


    ALL THEIR REQUIRED AUXILIARY CODE THEY ARE, IN FACT, OFTEN LARGER THAN
    MONOLITHIC KERNELS.

    ADVANTAGES OF MICROKERNEL BASED OPERATING


    SYSTEM

    CRASH RESISTANT
    PORTABLE
    SMALLER SIZE
    MAINTENANCE IS GENERALLY EASIER
    RAPID DEVELOPMENT TIME AND NEW SOFTWARE CAN BE TESTED WITHOUT HAVING TO
    REBOOT THE KERNEL.

    DISADVANATGES OF MICROKERNEL BASED OPERATING


    SYSTEM

    SLOWER PROCESSING DUE TO MESSAGE PASSING


    SLOWER THAN MONOLITHIC SYSTEM
    MORE COMPLEX TO DEVELOP FOR.

    EXAMPLES OF MICROKERNEL
    WINDOWS NT
    MACH
    MAC OS
    DIGITAL UNIX

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