Listening Process

Listener
hears the
sounds &
focus on
them

Listener
decodes
or
interpret
s the
message

Sensing

Listener
evaluat
es the
messag
e

Decoding
Response

The
listener
respond
s

Evaluation

Listening Vs H earing
Listening

Hearing

Voluntary
Requires conscious

efforts
Active process
Two-way interactive
process engaging the
speaker & the listener

Involuntary
Happens automically
Passive process
One-way process

Types ofListening
Superficial Listening : Listener does

not concentrate on the message,

ignores the content main points ,
supporting details
Appreciative Listening: Listening for
enjoyment & pleasure such as
listening to songs, stories, etc.
Focused listening: Listening for
specific information; the most
common type of listening

Types ofListening
Evaluative listening: Involves evaluation of the

oral message & developing a line of thought;

listener interprets & analyses the explicit as
well as the implicit meaning of the message.
Attentive Listening: Demands complete
attention of the listener; active & intelligent
listening; interactive & productive as in GDs,
Interviews, meetings, etc
Empathetic Listening: Listening to the spoken
words as well as feeling the emotions attached.
Listener has to respond to the affective signals

Barriers to Listening
Physical Barriers:

Noise- any disturbance like

nonsense sounds, mechanical faults,
etc.
Physical discomforts Feeling
uncomfortable in some while
listening to anything
Distance-source at a distance
Physical distractions movement of
something/someone/self while

Barriers to Listening
Psychological Barriers: Emotional

disturbance, anxiety, over arousal of

disturbance
Linguistic barriers: Improper
decoding while listening may lead to
misunderstanding; lack of knowledge
of meanings & expressions
Cultural Barriers: Cultural
differences, values, social norms
create barriers

Essentials ofEff
ective Listening
Listener is aware of the purpose of

listening
Listener understands the language of the
speaker & all the jargons, codes being used
Familiarity with the content to an extent
Concentrate on the persons speech: the
theme, main points, supporting points
Listener is able to analyse & interpret
Listener is able to use different strategies
for different discourses