Lecture # 1 (Spring 2011)

N-W.F.
P University of Engineering &

Technology Peshawar
Lecture # 1: Basic Concepts
Subject: Mechanics of Solids-I CE-104

Instructor: Prof. Dr. Akhtar Naeem
Lecturer: Engr. Muhammad
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Instructor: Prof: Dr.Akhtar Naeem
Lecturer: Engr Muhammad
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Basic Concepts
What is Civil Engineering ?

1) Civil
2) Engg
What is Strength of Materials or
Mechanics of Solids?
1) Strength of Material
2) Mechanics of Solids
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Introduction
Mechanics of materials is a branch of
applied mechanics that deals with the
behavior of solid bodies subjected to various
types of loading.
This field of study is known by several
names, including "Strength of materials"
and "mechanics of deformable bodies.".
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Introduction
40 ft span

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Introduction
Suspension bridges are good example of structures that

carry these stresses. The weight of the vehicle is carried by
the bridge deck and passes the force to the stringers
(vertical cables), which in turn, supported by the main
suspension cables. The suspension cables then transferred
the force into bridge towers.

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Introduction
The solid bodies considered include axially
loaded members, shafts in torsion, thin shells,
beams, and columns, as well as structures that
are assemblies of these components.

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Introduction
Axial Force.
Shear Force
Transverse Force

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Introduction
Usually the objectives of our analysis
will be the determination of the
stresses, strains, and deflections
produced by the loads.

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Introduction
Torsion
Deflection due to Load

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Introduction
Torsion
Deflection due to Load

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Introduction
Theoretical analyses and experimental results
have equally important roles in the study of
mechanics of materials.
These properties are available to us only after
suitable experiments have been carried out in the
laboratory.

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Introduction
Also, because many practical problems
of great importance in engineering
cannot be handled efficiently by
theoretical means, experimental
measurements become a necessity.
Theoretical Analysis (Equilibrium and
Compatibility Equations).
Experimental Analysis (Constitutive)
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Introduction
Equilibrium Equation
Steel Bar
500 N
5000 N
Simply Supported Beam

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Introduction
Compatibility Problems

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Introduction
Constitutive Problems

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Introduction
Types of Failure:

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Introduction
Failure Pattern:

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Introduction

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Introduction
Beam with
Reinforcement
Reinforcement
Beam
Longitudinal Section
Composite Section
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The
Normal Stress Formula

Derivation
fundamental concepts of stress can

be illustrated by considering a prismatic
bar that is loaded by axial forces P at the
ends, as shown in Figure 1 prismatic bar
having constant cross section throughout
its length.
The axial forces produce a uniform
stretching of the bar; hence, the bar is said
to be in tension.
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Derivation
Prismatic and Non Prismatic
Bar
Area 2
Area 1
Area 1>Area 2
Non prismatic X-Section

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Derivation
Prismatic X-Section

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Derivation

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Derivation
To investigate the internal stresses
produced in the bar by the axial
forces, we make an imaginary cut at
section aa (Figure 1).
The intensity of force (that is, the
force per unit area) is called the
stress and is commonly denoted by
the Greek letter s (sigma).
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Derivation
The intensity of force (that is, the force
per unit area) is called the stress and is
commonly denoted by the Greek letter s
(sigma).
Assuming that the stress has a uniform
distribution over the cross section (see
Figure 1), we can readily see that its
resultant is equal to the intensity s times
the cross-sectional area A of the bar.
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Derivation
Furthermore, from the equilibrium

(balancing of forces) of the body
shown in Figure 1, it is also evident
that this resultant must be equal in
magnitude and opposite in direction to
the applied load P. Hence, we obtain
A
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Derivation
When a sign convention for normal

stresses is required, it is customary to
define tensile stresses as positive (+) and
compressive stresses as negative (-).

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Derivation
Tensile Normal Stress
Tensile Normal Force

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Lecture # 1 (Spring 2011)

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N-W.F.

P University of Engineering &

Lecture # 1: Basic Concepts

Subject: Mechanics of Solids-I CE-104

What is Civil Engineering ?

Instructor: Prof: Dr.Akhtar Naeem

Instructor: Prof: Dr.Akhtar Naeem

Instructor: Prof: Dr.Akhtar Naeem

Instructor: Prof: Dr.Akhtar Naeem

Instructor: Prof: Dr.Akhtar Naeem

Instructor: Prof: Dr.Akhtar Naeem

Instructor: Prof: Dr.Akhtar Naeem

Instructor: Prof: Dr.Akhtar Naeem

Instructor: Prof: Dr.Akhtar Naeem

Instructor: Prof: Dr.Akhtar Naeem

Instructor: Prof: Dr.Akhtar Naeem

Instructor: Prof: Dr.Akhtar Naeem

Instructor: Prof: Dr.Akhtar Naeem

Suspension bridges are good example of structures that

Instructor: Prof: Dr.Akhtar Naeem

Instructor: Prof: Dr.Akhtar Naeem

Instructor: Prof: Dr.Akhtar Naeem

Instructor: Prof: Dr.Akhtar Naeem

Instructor: Prof: Dr.Akhtar Naeem

Instructor: Prof: Dr.Akhtar Naeem

Instructor: Prof: Dr.Akhtar Naeem

Instructor: Prof: Dr.Akhtar Naeem

Instructor: Prof: Dr.Akhtar Naeem

Instructor: Prof: Dr.Akhtar Naeem

Instructor: Prof: Dr.Akhtar Naeem

Instructor: Prof: Dr.Akhtar Naeem

Instructor: Prof: Dr.Akhtar Naeem

Instructor: Prof: Dr.Akhtar Naeem

Deflection due to Load

Instructor: Prof: Dr.Akhtar Naeem

Deflection due to Load

Instructor: Prof: Dr.Akhtar Naeem

Instructor: Prof: Dr.Akhtar Naeem

Instructor: Prof: Dr.Akhtar Naeem

Instructor: Prof: Dr.Akhtar Naeem

Instructor: Prof: Dr.Akhtar Naeem

Instructor: Prof: Dr.Akhtar Naeem

Instructor: Prof: Dr.Akhtar Naeem

Instructor: Prof: Dr.Akhtar Naeem

Instructor: Prof: Dr.Akhtar Naeem

Instructor: Prof: Dr.Akhtar Naeem

Instructor: Prof: Dr.Akhtar Naeem

Instructor: Prof: Dr.Akhtar Naeem

Simply Supported Beam

Instructor: Prof: Dr.Akhtar Naeem

Instructor: Prof: Dr.Akhtar Naeem

Instructor: Prof: Dr.Akhtar Naeem

Instructor: Prof: Dr.Akhtar Naeem

Instructor: Prof: Dr.Akhtar Naeem

Instructor: Prof: Dr.Akhtar Naeem

Instructor: Prof: Dr.Akhtar Naeem

Normal Stress Formula

fundamental concepts of stress can

Normal Stress Formula

Non prismatic X-Section

Instructor: Prof: Dr.Akhtar Naeem

Normal Stress Formula

Instructor: Prof: Dr.Akhtar Naeem