Text

Advancements in Aircraft
Rishabh
Agrawal
Engine
2013ME10715

Presentation Outline:
Necessity
Factors
History: Wright Brothers, timeline
Turbofan,Turboprop,Turbojet
Further Developments
Green Flying: Regenerative Turboprop

Necessity:
Saves Time
Military
Rescue during disasters
Civil
Aerospace application
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Factors:
Range of Flight
Velocity
Thrust
Specific Fuel Consumption
Environment

Reference: https://www.grc.nasa.gov/www/K-12/airplane/forces.html

INLET

245 m/s

EXHAUST

1522
m/s

H
I
S
T
O
R
Y
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Timeline of Aircraft Engine Development

1848: John Stringfellow made a steam engine for a 10-foot wingspan model aircraft
which achieved the first powered flight, albeit with negligible payload.
1903: Charlie Taylor built an inline aeroengine for the Wright Flyer (12 horsepower).
1903: Manly-Balzer engine sets standards for later radial engines.
1906: Lon Levavasseur produces a successful water-cooled V8 engine for aircraft use.
1908: Ren Lorin patents a design for the ramjet engine.
.
.
.
.
.

Reference:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aircraft_engine#Timelin
e_of_aircraft_engine_development

Wright Brothers: The Flyer,

1903

Reference: https://airandspace.si.edu/exhibitions/wright-brothers

Built their own engine as none of the existing could satisfy the
power and weight requirements.
Four horizontal inline cylinders. The 4-inch bore, 4-inch
stroke, cast-iron cylinders fit into a cast aluminum
crankcase that extended outward to form a water jacket
around the cylinder barrels.
Aluminium crankcase

Reference: NASA

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Propellor and Transmission System

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Reference: http://www.britannica.com/topic/Wright-flyer-of-1903

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One of the most innovative aspects of the 1903 Flyer was its
propellers.
The Wrights decided to use two, slow-turning, large propellers,
because this arrangement offered great efficiency, and the
propellers could be spun in opposite directions to neutralize the
gyroscopic effects of the whirling blades.
To transfer power from the engine to the propellers, they
devised a simple chain-and-sprocket arrangement running from
the engine crankshaft to a pair of steel propeller shafts. To make
the propellers rotate in opposite directions, they simply twisted
one of the two chains in a figure eight.

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Development

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Thermodynamic Cycle

Brayton Cycle

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Types of Engines in todays world

Turbofan
Turbojet
Turboprop
Turboshaft

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Comparison
Fuel Consumption
Turboshaft
Turbojet
Turbofan

D
E
C
R
E
A
S
E
S

Turboprop
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Comparison

Output Thrust (Power):

Turboshaft
Turbojet
Turbofan
Turboprop

D
E
C
R
E
A
S
E
S

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Green Flying

Large Population Growth Rate

Need Faster mode of Transportation
Cheaper
Eco-Friendly

Answer: Regenerative Turboprop

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TurboProp

From where can this energy be extracted?

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Inter-cooling and regeneration : used in

gas turbine power plants
Could not be used in Aircrafts: extra
weight and size
Easy to implement in turboprop because
of less mass flow rate => small size
equipments

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ooled by By-pass Air => Decreases the input work for compressor

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Ambient

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Thermodynamic Cycle

Brayton Cycle

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Heat Exchanger Efficiency

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References
https://airandspace.si.edu/exhibitions/wr
ight-brothers
https://www.grc.nasa.gov/www/K12/airplane/forces.html
AIAA 2011-6099 ASME Paper

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Thank you !