Research Issues in

Industrial Engineering An
Interdisciplinary Approach
Dr.P.Parthiban
Assistant Professor
Dept. of Production Engineering
National Institute of Technology
Tiruchirappalli - 620015

Department of Production Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli

- 620015

Introduction to Industrial
Engineering
There has always been an attempt to improve the productivity by
man for1.Survival with limited resources.
2.Maximum exploitation of the resources.
The continued pursuit for higher productivity ever since the
beginning of civilization resulted in the evolution of two disciplines
namely1.Industrial Management
2.Industrial Engineering
Industrial Management deals with the creation and management
of systems that integrate people and materials and energy in productive
ways.

Industrial Engineering is concerned with the efficient production

of industrial goods as affected by elements such as plant and procedural
design, the management of materials and energy, and the integration of
Department
Production
workers
within of
the
overallEngineering,
system. National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli
- 620015

Definition of Industrial
engineering
Industrial Engineering is concerned with the design,
improvement, and installation of integrated system of
men material and equipment. It draws upon
specialized knowledge and skills in the mathematical,
physical sciences together with the principles and
methods of engineering analysis and design to
specify, predict and evaluate the results to be
obtained from such systems.
-By American Institute of Industrial
Engineers

Department of Production Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli

- 620015

Contributions to Industrial
Engineering

Department of Production Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli

- 620015

Activities in Industrial Engineering

1.
2.
3.
4.

Selection of processes and assembling methods.

Selection and design of tools and equipment.
Design of facilities.
Design and improvement of planning and control systems
for production, inventory, quality and plant maintenance
and distribution systems.
5. Developing a cost control system.
6. Development of time standards, costing and performance
standards.
7. Development and installation of job evaluation systems.
8. Installation of wage incentive schemes.
9. Design and installation of value engineering and analysis
system.
10.Operation research.
11.Performance evaluation.
12.Organization and methods.
13.Project feasibility studies.
Department of Production Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli
14.Supplier
selection and evaluation.
- 620015

Industrial Engineering Approach

Industrial Engineering uses scientific approach in problem solvingStep 1:- Gather the facts in detail.
Step 2:- Record the facts in required format.
Step 3:- Analyze the facts.
Step 4:- Prepare Alternative solutions to the problem.
Step 5:- Select the Best Alternative.
Step 6:- Implement the Alternative.
Step 7:- Performance Evaluation.

Department of Production Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli

- 620015

Objectives of Industrial Engineering

Department of Production Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli

- 620015

Functions of an Industrial Engineer

1. Developing standard methods.
2. Establishing the standard time.
3. To develop a sound wage and incentive system.
4. To aid in development and designing of a sound inventory
system.
5. To assist and aid in preparing a detailed job description
and job specification for each job and to evaluate them.
6. Development of cost reduction and cost control
programmes.
7. Sound selection of site and developing a systematic
layout for the smooth flow of work without any
interruptions.
Department of Production Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli
- 620015

Techniques of Industrial Engineering

Various tools and techniques of industrial engineering are:

1.Method study
2.Time study
3.Motion economy
4.Value analysis
5.Production planning and control
6.Inventory control
7.Job evaluation
8.Material handling analysis
9.Human Engineering
10.System engineering and analysis
11.Operation research techniques
12.Statistical process control, group technology organization
and methods.
Department of Production Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli
- 620015

Other thrust areas in Industrial

Engineering
1. Supply chain management
2. Logistics Management
3. Simulation
4. Quality Engineering
5. Performance Management
6. Agile Manufacturing
7. Risk Management
8. Facilities Planning
9. Scheduling

Department of Production Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli

- 620015

Industrial Engineering in
service sector

Department of Production Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli

- 620015

System Approach
System and its characteristics:
1.Objective to achieve
2.Boundary of operation
3.Inputs to be processed into outputs.
4.Imposed constraints

Surroundings (external to system)

System

Input

Process

System Boundary

Output

Feedbac
k
Department of Production Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli
- 620015

What is system approach:

Department of Production Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli

- 620015

Syste
m
Analysi
s

Department of Production Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli

- 620015

Syste
m
Engg.

Department of Production Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli

- 620015

System
Mgmt.

Department of Production Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli

- 620015

System Approach to Industrial

Engineering
Industrial Engineering heavily relies on
system approach in solving the problems.
Instead of analyzing the problem in an
isolation, an integrated view of problem is
considered for suggesting the solutions
keeping in mind the constraints imposed on
the system. Thus, this complete approach
helps to achieve the system optimization
instead of analyzing part by part which leads
to sub-optimization.

Department of Production Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli

- 620015

Productivity
Productivity is the amount of products or services
produced with the resources used. A comparative tool.
Productivity = Quantity of products or services produced
Amount of resources used
Productivity varies with the amount of production
relative to the amount of resources used.

Department of Production Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli

- 620015

Productivity Variables
Labour - contributes about 1/6 of the annual increase
Capital - contributes about 1/6 of the annual increase
Management - contributes about 4/6 of the annual increase

Department of Production Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli

- 620015

Factors Affecting
Productivity
Enterprise Productivity factors

Internal factors

External factors

Soft factors

Hard factors

Structural
adjustments

Natural resources

Product

People

Economic

Manpower

Plant and Equipment

Organization and systems

Social

Land

Technology

Work methods

Materials and Energy

Management styles

Govt. and
infrastructure
Policies and
strategies
Infrastructure

Department of Production Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli

- 620015

Productivity improvement
techniques

Productivity improvement is not just doing things better; It is doing the right thing
better.
Productivity is often measured as the output of goods/services in a given number
man hours / machine hours.(Time)
Total time of a job is made up of

Basic Work content

Work content added

by defects in design

Total work content

Work content added by Ineffective time due to

shortcomings of
inefficient methods
management

Ineffective time
worker

Total Ineffective time

Department of Production Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli

- 620015

Productivity improvement
techniques
Technical approach
Work study
Value analysis
JIT / KAIZEN / KANBAN
Cellular Manufacturing
Pareto analysis
Six sigma
Product development
Cost benefit analysis
OM tools
Process Planning

Human approach
Bain storming
Organization development
Force field analysis

Department of Production Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli

- 620015

Evolution

Supply Chain Management

Enterprise Resource Planning
Manufacturing Resource Planning
Material Requirements Planning
Lot-Size Models
Thumb - Rules
Department of Production Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli

Overview of Supply chain

Supply /Inbound Logistics
SUPPLIERS

Production

Distribution/Outbound logistics

CUSTOMERS

MANUFACTURERS

THIRD PARTY
LOGISTICS

DISTRIBUTORS/
WAREHOUSES
Information Flow
Product Flow
Money Flow
Services Flow

Department of Production Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli

- 620015