MICROCONTROLLER BASED

ELECTRONIC LOAD CONTROLLER

FOR MICROHYDRO SYSTEM
PROJECT TEAM
SAILESH DAHAL
ANIL WAGLE
AMIR RAJ GIRI
BIKESH SHRESTHA
SANDESH ACHARYA

abstract
The proposal Microcontroller based Electronics Load
Controller for micro-hydro system presents design of a
microcontroller based electronic load controller (ELC) for
synchronous generator intended for a stand- alone micro hydro
power generation. An Electronic Load Controller (ELC) is an
electronic unit which keeps the speed of synchronous generator
constant at varying load conditions. The generator is driven in
constant speed with constant power output. A dump load is
connected across the generator terminals to dump the excess
power generated. When the consumer load changes frequency of
generated voltage also changes. The frequency is sensed and
compared with the reference frequency and error so obtained is
utilized to control power consumed by dump load so that generator
always operates at its full rating, resulting in constant speed.

ELC
Generated power = Consumed power + Dump Load

BLOCK DIAGRAM

DIVISON OF WORK MODULE

ELC
MIRCROCONTROLLER

PW
MODULATION
SLOPE OF
SLIP OF
GEN

LCD
DISPLA
Y

PUSLE WIDTH
DETERMINATI
ON

POWER
SUPPLY

DC CHOPPING

FREQUENC
Y SENSING

SINE WAVE
TO SQUARE

BRIDGE
RECTIFICATI
ON

MOSFET
DRIVING

FREQUENCY MEASUREMENT

POWER SUPPLY AND SINE TO

SQUARE CONVERSION

Sine to Square Conversion

FREQUENCY vs. POWER ANALYSIS

Theoretical Analysis

Practical Results

BRIDGE RECTIFICATION

Rectifie
d
output

Input
from
the
generat
or

M AT L AB SIM UL IN K M OD E L
O UT P U T

RE SULT FRO M E XP E R IME N T

WORK REMAINING
MOSFET for switching the dump load
Filter circuit design
Using a Current sensor for displaying the current level
PCB design
Fabrication.
Interfacing GUI with Hardware
Final testing and demonstration

CONCLUSION
Need to Overcome the complications
Search for Possible advancement in project
Focused on other objectives
Matlab simulation
Trends of commercialization in ELC

REFERENCES
[1] Sen, P.C. (1998). Principles of Electric Machines and Power Electronics (2 nd Ed.). John Wiley
and Sons, New York
[2] Bimbhra, P. S. (2007). Electrical Machinery (7th Ed.). Khanna Publishers, India.
[3] http://www.microhydropower.net/index.php Viewed on 2013/10/13
[4] http://home.planet.nl/~porte000/humbird/ Viewed on 2013/11/29.
[5] DYNAMIC SIMULATION, ANALYSIS AND CONTROL OF SELF-EXCITED INDUCTION GENERATOR
USING STATE SPACE APPROACH by Anjali Garg, K.S. Sandhu, L.M. Saini. Available at
http://www.jee.ro/articles/WP1350027166W5077c79f0002b.pdf
[6] Pankaj kapoor, Lobzang Phunchok, Sunandan Kumar, Asst. Prof. Om Prakash R Journal of
Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) ISSN: 22; www.ijera.com Vol. 2, Issue 4, June-July
2012, pp.733-737
[7] Review On Electronic Load Controller by Vimal Singh Bisht,Y.R Sood, Nikhil Kushwaha and
Suryakant International Journal of Scientific Engineering and Technology (ISSN : 2277-1581)
www.ijset.com, Volume No.1, Issue No.2 pg:93-102
[8] Thesis on "THE DESIGN OF A 5 kW MICROHYDRO GENERATING SET" by SIMON SANGHARETH
HENG, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Canterbury February 1992

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