Grammar

Year 9

Reminder of Grammar
In this power point you will find the basics of grammar
explained in a very short and easy way.
The Power Point is based on the test you did in class.
You can find good websites in the end of this Power Point.
Explanations:
If you need more or other explanation I suggest you go to
http://www.webenglishteacher.com/grammar.html or http://
www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/exercises_list/alle_grammar.htm

Plural

The Plural (flera)

Most of the time you add an extra -s or es to contruct the plural form of a
noun. E.g. one book -> many books or one church > many churches
Some other rules are:
One
Many

Family (fly, city)

More examples:
Wife (life, wolf,
http://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/grammar/plural.htm
thief)

Families

Foot (tooth,
Exercises:
geese)
http://www.adelescorner.org/grammar/plurals/plurals2.html
Man (woman)
http://www.adelescorner.org/grammar/plurals/plurals3.html
Mouse
(irregular)

Feet

Sheep (fish)

Wives

Men
Mice
Sheep

Apostrophe
Short form and the genitive (gande)

The Apostrophe
The apostrophe can be used for two different things:
1. Something has been taken away, a short form: isnt, cant,
its
2. To show that someone owns something, this is called the
Genitive: Ronny'sbrother

http://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/grammar/genitiv.htm

Exercises: Short Form

Short form

You can also write

In Swedish

Cant

Can not

Kan inte

Isnt

Is not

r inte

Its

It is

Det r.
OBS inte samma som
its= dens!

Well

We will

Vi kommer

Ill

I will

Jag kommer

Im

I am

Jag r

Hes

He is

Han r

Genitive Singular
Add'sto the noun.
Mandy'sbrother John plays football.
My teacher'sname is ...

http://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/grammar/genitiv.htm

Genitive Plural
Add the apostrophe'to regular plural forms:
The girls'room is very nice.
The Smiths'car is black.
Add'sto irregular plural forms:
The children'sbooks are over there.
Men'sclothes are on the third floor.
If there are multiple nouns, add'sonly to the last noun:
Peter and John'smother is a teacher.
If there are multiple nounsthat refer to one person/thing add'sto thelastnoun.
Peter and John'smotheris a teacher.
If there are multiple nounsthat refer to more persons/things add'stobothnouns.
Susan's and Steve'sbagsare black.
http://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/grammar/genitiv.htm

3*. Singular names ending in-s

Although it is not considered to be good English, you may add only the
apostrophe words ending on unpronounced -s
Charles'sdog Charles'dog
Illinois'scapital Illinois'capital
Words ending in -x and -z follow the same rules.
Felix'scar Felix'car
But there are situations where only'sis the best choice to make the
meaning clear.
http://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/grammar/genitiv.htm

-s or of

-s or of?
1.s-Genitive mostly for people and animals
Ronny'sbike
the cat'sbasket
2.of-phrase mostly for things
the nameofthe school
the top floorofthe building
If things have a connection to people we also use thes-genitive (possessive).
Germany'seconomy = the ecomonyofGermany
In time expressions we also use thes-genitive (possessive).
a three weeks'holiday

Exercises: Apostrophe
Where should the apostrophe be?
1. This is Annas/Annas book.
2. Where is Nicks/Nicks football?
3. The childrens/childrens garden.
What is the difference?
4. My friends car=
5. My friends car=
More exercises: http://
www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/exercises/nouns_articles/apostrophe_s3.htm

is/are

is/are
Pronouns

am/is/are

Am

You

Are

He,she,it

Is

We

Are

They

Are

you

Are

Translate (is/are)
1. Vart r Ted och Sarah?
2. Ted och Sarah r i skolan
3. Vem r hr?
More exercises:
http://
www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/exercises/questions/short_answe
rs_be2.htm

was/were

Was/Were
Pronouns

Was/were

was

You

Were

He,she,it

Was

We

Were

They

Were

you

Were

Exercises: Was/were
1. I________ there last night.
2. Who ________ that girl?
3. Anna and John ________ a couple but they broke up.
. http://www.adelescorner.org/grammar/past_tense/was_were.html
. http://www.adelescorner.org/grammar/past_tense/was_quests.html
. http://
www.adelescorner.org/grammar/past_tense/was_were_neg.html

Question Words

Questions Words

Whose? = Vems?
Which?=Vilken? Use this when you have a selection, a choice to make
What?=Vad?
Who?=Vem?
How?=Hur?

Exercises:
http://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/exercises/questions/question_words2.htm

there is
(there's)andit
is (it's)

2.there is (there's)
there isis used to introduce thesubjectin sentences with
theverb be. So the subject is put behindbe.
Thereissomeoneat the door.
Thereisa churchin the town.
Therewasa stormlast night.

2.it is (it's)
Here the personal pronounitis thesubjectin the
sentence, followed by the verbbe.
Itisold.
Itistime to go.
Itwasstormy last night.

Examples

Correct phrase

Common error

There isanother meeting.

It's another meeting.

There isa lot of noise in this room.

It's a lot of noise in this room.

There issome milk in the fridge.

It's some milk in the fridge.

Exercises

Det r kallt idag=

Det r en tjuv i huset=
Det r tv kaniner i trdgrden=
Klockan r fyra=

Exercises (Scroll down on the web site):

http://
learnenglish.britishcouncil.org/en/english-grammar/pronouns/it-a
nd-there

Spelling

Spelling
There are a few common spelling mistakes that I suggest you learn.
its=dens, its=den r
which=vilken, witch=hxa
with
because
where=vare, were=var (dtid)
Ourselves (ourselfs)
Had (hade)
Much homework (many homeworks)
Exercises:
http://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/exercises/languages/spelling.htm

Still Want More

Grammar?

More Exercises on Grammar

Vocabulary:
http://
www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/exercises_list/alle_words.htm
Grammar:
http://
www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/exercises_list/alle_grammar.htm
http://www.adelescorner.org/