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Hypertensive Emergencies

Blood Pressure Testing

Scenario

You and another member are working a Sports


Day when a 68 year old male comes in
complaining of a headache, ringing in his ears
and a nosebleed. He states he was standing
next to a speaker box and he suddenly felt
dizzy. He has had the dizzy spell and ringing
before but never to at this magnitude.
What do you suspect is the Mechanism of
Injury?
How do you prove your prognosis?
How do you treat the patient?
Is he a hospital case?

What is Blood Pressure?

The pressure of the blood in the circulatory


system
Or
The force the blood against the artery wall
with every heartbeat.

Why is Blood Pressure Important?

Blood pressure is important because the


higher your blood pressure is, the higher your
risk of health problems in the future.

If your blood pressure is high, it is putting


extra strain on your arteries and on your
heart. Over time, this strain can cause the
arteries to become to become thicker and less
flexible, or to become weaker.

The Instruments

Understanding the Numbers


Blood pressure is typically recorded as two numbers, written
as a ratio like this:
117 /76 mm Hg- Read as "117 over 76 millimetres of mercury"

Systolic:
The top number, which is also the higher of the two numbers,
measures the pressure in the arteries when the heart beats
(when the heart muscle contracts).

Diastolic:
The bottom number, which is also the lower of the two
numbers, measures the pressure in the arteries between
heartbeats (when the heart muscle is resting between beats
and refilling with blood).

Hypertensive Emergencies

Hypertension is defined as any systolic blood


pressure greater than 140 mm Hg or a
diastolic blood pressure greater than 90 mm
Hg.

Hypertensive emergency only becomes


emergent when the systolic is 160 and
greater.

Scenario #2

Your unit has responded to a general sickness


call. Upon arrival you find a 65-year-old man
who complains of headache with blurred
vision, weakness and dizziness. The pulse is
80, Respiration is 14 BPM, and BP is 220/120.
Pulse oximeter reading is 98%. His chest is
clear and
he denies chest pain. You are 30 minutes from
the hospital.

AHA Blood Pressure Chart


Blood pressure chart showing ranges of blood pressure

Signs and Symptoms

Hypertension is called the silent killer because


there are no definite signs or symptoms.

Only when the pressure become a too high,the


patient experiences:
Worst Headache in the world
Strong bounding pulse
Ringing in ears
Dizziness
AMS
Nosebleed

Patient Treatment

Attempt to make patient comfortable and


monitor blood pressure regularly.

Position patient with head elevated

Rapid transport

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