Computer Devices and

Peripherals
Computer Hardware

Objectives

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Identify types of computers and how they process

information

Identify the function of computer hardware

components

Identify different computer devices and peripherals

that is attached to a computer

What is a computer?
Computer is an electronic device that
accepts, processes, stores, and outputs
data at high speeds according to
programmed instructions.
There are two basic components that
make up a computer: hardware and
software.
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Next: Types of Computers

Types of Computers
Supercomputer

Microcomputer

IBM Blue Gene/L

Minicomputer
Mainframe
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Next: Types of Microcomputers

Common Types of Microcomputers

Macintosh
(Mac)
Personal
Computer (PC)

Handheld/PDA
Laptop/Notebook
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Parts of a Typical Computer

System Unit
Printer
Monitor

Keyboard

Mouse

Next: Components of Computer

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The Four Main Components of a Microcomputer

INPUT DEVICES
Input devices allow us to enter information into the computer. They include
keyboards, mice, scanners, and microphones.
PROCESSING DEVICES
Processing components manipulate the information once it is "in" the
computer. In the microcomputer there is a set of common components
consisting of the central processing unit (CPU), interface components, and
memory (RAM).
STORAGE DEVICES
Storage devices store the entered information and programs for future use.
Common storage devices include hard disks, floppy disks, and CD-ROMs.
OUTPUT DEVICES
Output devices are how the manipulated information is returned to us. They
commonly include video monitors, printers, and speakers.

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Parts of the System Unit

The System Unit

CD-ROM and/or
DVD-ROM Drive

RAM

Network Card

ROM-BIOS

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Input Devices
Microphone
Keyboard

Mouse
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Scanner
Other Input Devices

Other Input Devices

Barcode Reader
Web Camera

Digital Camera

Joystick
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Processing Devices
CPU

Measuring Memory

CPU

Speed

Release Date

Pentium 4

1 GHz to 3 GHz

Latest

Pentium III 450 MHz to 1 GHz

1999

Pentium II

266 MHz

1997

Pentium

133 MHz

1993

486

66 MHz

1989

386

25 MHz

1985

80286

12.5 MHz

1982

8088

8 MHz

1979

Based on table courtesy of www.customguide.com

Random-Access
Memory (RAM)
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Storage Devices/Media
Diskette

Hard Disk Drive

(HDD)
Floppy Disk
Drive (FDD)
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More Storage Devices/Media

HARD DISK
is the main, and usually largest, data
storage device in a computer.
The operating system, software titles and
most other files are stored in the hard disk
drive.

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FLOPPY DISK
is a random access, removable data
storage medium that can be used with
personal computers.
The term usually refers to the magnetic
medium housed in a rigid plastic cartridge
measuring 3.5 inches square and about
2millimeters thick. Also called a "3.5-inch
diskette," it can store up to 1.44
megabytes (MB) of data.
Computing Fundamentals

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More Storage Devices/Media

Types of CDs:
CD-ROM
CD-R
CD-RW

Flash Card

CD-ROM (or DVDROM Drive)

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USB Flash
Drive
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COMPACT DISC
also called optical disc is a nonmagnetic,
polished metal disk used to store digital
information.
The disc is read by the CD- ROM.

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DIGITAL VERSATILE DISC

an optical disc technology with a 4.7
gigabyte storage capacity on a singlesided, one-layered disk, which is enough
for a 133-minute movie.

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USB FLASH DISK

is a plug-and-play portable storage device
that uses flash memory and is lightweight
enough to attach to a key chain.
A USB drive can be used in place of a
floppy disk, Zip drive disk, or CD.

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Output Devices

Speakers

Printer
Monitor

Projector

Smart Board
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Speakers
Used to play sound.
They may be built into the system unit
or connected with cables.
Speakers allow you to listen to music
and hear sound effects from your
computer

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Smart Board
A type of display screen that has
a touch sensitive transparent
panel covering the screen, which
is similar to a touch screen.

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LCD Projectors
utilize two sheets of polarizing material

with a liquid crystal solution between

them. An electric current passed
through the liquid causes the crystals
to align so that light cannot pass
through them. Each crystal, therefore,
is like a shutter, either allowing light to
pass through or blocking the light.
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Display Monitor
It displays information in visual form, using
text and graphics.
The portion of the monitor that displays
the information is called the screen or
video display terminal.

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Types of Monitors

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CRT Monitors
Cathode Ray Tubes
(CRT) were the only
type of displays for
use with desktop
PCs.
They are relatively
big (14" to 16" deep)
and heavy (over 15
lbs).
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LCD Monitors
Liquid Crystal Display
(LCD) technology has
been used in laptops
for some time.
It has recently been
made commercially
available as monitors
for desktop PCs.
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LED (Light-Emitting Diode)

Monitors
A display and lighting
technology used in
almost every electrical
and electronic product
on the market, from a
tiny on/off light to digital
readouts, flashlights,
traffic lights and
perimeter lighting.
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Parts of the Keyboard

Function Keys
Numeric Keypad

Alphanumeric Keys

Cursor Keys
Computing Fundamentals

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Parts of a Mouse
Mouse Actions:

Right Button

1. Click
2. Double-click
3. Right-Click
4. Point

Left Button

5. Drag

Wheel
(Not always
available)

Palm Rest
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Printers

Inkjet

Dot Matrix

Laser

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Ink Jet or Bubble Jet Printer

Sprays Ink at a sheet of paper.
Inkjet printers produce high quality text
and graphics.

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Laser Printer
Uses same technology as copy machines.
Laser printers produce very high quality
texts and graphics/

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Thermal Printer
An inexpensive printer that works by
pushing heated pins against heatsensitive paper.
Thermal printers are widely used in
calculators and fax machines

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MotherboardThe main circuit board of a computer that

contains all the circuits and components that run
the computer.

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Measuring Memory
Unit

Abbreviation

Size

Bit

[Smallest Unit]

Byte

8 Bits

Kilobyte

KB

1, 024 bytes

Megabyte

MB

1, 048, 576 bytes

Gigabyte

GB

1, 073,741,824
bytes/1, 024 MB
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Central
Processing
Unit (CPU)
- the main brain
of a computer
system. It
performs all
instructions and
calculations that
are needed and
manages the flow
of information
through a
computer.

CPU Fan

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RandomAccess
MemoryServes as
temporary memory
of the computer and
holds data only
when power is ON
and lost its data
when power is OFF.

DDRAM

SDRAM

SDRAM Photo courtesy of: www.oamao.com

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Hard Disk
DriveIs the main and
perhaps the largest
data storage device
in the computer that
holds the data,
instructions for
processing and
processed data
waiting to be sent to
secondary storage.
Cross-section of HDD
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3.5 Floppy Disk

Drive

Courtesy www.yedata.com

3.5 Floppy Disk

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PC Ports

Photo courtesy of: www.coolnerds.com

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CD-ROM
DriveIs a storage device
that uses lasers to
read data on the
optical media. There
are three types of
optical drive; CD,
DVD and BD.

CD-ROM

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Video Card a peripheral device that is

inserted or attached to the computer to
improve the graphics or video quality of the
computer.

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AGP Port

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Power Supplyit is installed at the

back corner of the
PC case, next to
the motherboard. It
converts 220 VAC
into DC voltages
that are used by
the other
components in the
PC.
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Network
Carda peripheral
device attached
to the computer
to enable
computer to
connect to a
network

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ROM-BIOSA chip that holds the

basic information of
the computer such as
time and date of
manufacture.

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Answer the following

1. What is the main part of the
microcomputer, sometimes called the
chassis?
a. Central Processing Unit
b. System Unit
c. Motherboard
d. Hard Disk
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Answer the following

2. What is the main and usually the largest
data storage device in a computer?
a. Hard Disk
b. Random Access Memory
c. Central Processing Unit
d. Motherboard
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Answer the following

3. This type of display screen that has a
touch sensitive transparent panel covering
the screen similar to touch-screen.
a. Cathode-Ray Tube Monitor
b. Smart Board
c. Motherboard
d. LED Monitor
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Answer the following

4. This device can read text or read
illustration printed on paper and translates
into a form the computer can use.
a. keyboard
b. scanner
c. printer
d. touch-screen
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Answer the following

5. What is the main circuit board of a
computer. It contains all the circuits and
components that run the computer
a. processor
b. motherboard
c. memory
d. power supply
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Answer the following

6. What is an optical disc technology with a
4.7 gigabyte storage capacity on a singlesided, one-layered disk, which is enough for a
133-minute movie?
a. compact disc
b. digital versatile disc
c. hard disk
d. usb drive
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Answer the following

7. It is a storage device that uses lasers to
read data on the optical media.
a. optical drive
b. hard disk drive
c. dvd-rom
d. cd-rom
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Answer the following

8. It is the first input device developed for the
PC.
a. mouse
b. keyboard
c. touch screen
d. microphone
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Answer the following

9. What is a device that prints text or
illustrations on paper
a. monitor
b. speaker
c. printer
d. microphone
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Answer the following

10. This device is used to play sound that
allows you to hear music from the computer
a. monitor
b. speaker
c. printer
d. microphone
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