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WiMAX Overview

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AGENDA
What

is WiMAX?
WiMAX Forum
Working
Applications
RF Spectrum
PHY & MAC Layers
WiMAX vs. Other Broadband Technologies
Proposed Solutions & Scenarios
Market Analysis & Trends

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What is WiMAX?
-WiMAX is World Wide Interoperability for Microwave Access
Two driving forces of modern Internet are Broadband and Wireless
-WiMAX combines the two of them
WiMAX is IEEE WWAN Technology (802.16)
-Aims to provide high throughput wireless broadband
connections over long distances and backhauling
-NLOS & LOS Configurations
-Replacement or substitute for DSL and Cable Modems
Two main 802.16 sub standards
- 802.16-2004 Fixed Wireless broadband access
- 802.16e
Mobile Wireless broadband access

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WiMAX Forum
A non profitable organization comprised of
1. Broadband Wireless Equipment Manufactures
2. Telecom System Integrators
3. Component Suppliers (Silicon, RF, Antenna, Software)
4. Service Providers (DSL Operators, WISPs)
Their Charter

To certify equipments that conform to the IEEE 802.16

Facilitate the development of WiMAX network
Develop process to certify compatibility and
interoperability of wireless products

Over 200 hundred members of the forum

36 membership processing

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Worldwide WiMAX vision

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WORKING
Line of Sight (LOS)
Antenna & WiMAX tower in line
Stronger & more reliable
Supports very high data rates
Frequencies reaching upto 66GHz
Less interference & lot of band
width
LOS for Backhauling always
Non Line of Sight (NLOS)
Antennas not in line
Small size antennas
Indoor & outdoor installed CPEs
Low frequency range, 2 11 GHz
Less disruption at lower freq.
Low data rates as compared to
NLOS

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IEEE 802.16 Specifications

Range 30 miles Radius from the Base Station for LOS
Range 4 6 miles Radius from the Base Station for NLOS
Maximum speed supported is 70 Mbps
Line of Sight is not needed between user and the base station unless
very high data rates are required at the user premises.
Licensed Frequency band: 2 11 GHz
Unlicensed Frequency band: 10 to 66 GHz

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WiMAX Family of Standards

802.16REVd is known as 802.16 2004 till date

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WiMAX Applications
Backhauling between towers
Backhauling for WiFi networks

Wireless DSL for residential users

On demand bandwidth
Underserved areas ( e.g. rural)

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Contd
Portability in 2006
- Free movement
- Small sized CPEs
- Registering on different BSs
- No seamless handoff

Full Mobility
- Expected in 2007 2008
- Always best connected
- Services everywhere
- seamless handoff
- vehicular speed of 150 Kph

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Utilization of RF Spectrum
Licensed Spectrum
- Owned by the carriers
- Expensive but guaranteed high quality of service
- High barriers to enter
- Time consuming
- Less interference
Unlicensed Spectrum
- Free of cost
- Attractive and easily deployable
- WiFi & Bluetooth in this spectrum
- Advantage in rural areas and emerging markets
- As a backup for the licensed and wired networks
WCS, 3.5 GHz and MMDS are licensed bands
ISM, 5 GHz U NII & WRC Bands are unlicensed

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Different bands used in different parts of the world

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Licensed and License Exempt Solutions
Licensed Solutions are suitable for:
-

Large coverage, PMP applications

Ubiquitous broadband mobile services
Control over the spectrum and interference
Cost not the primary issue
Services & BS equipments only be leased from a carrier

Unlicensed Solutions are suitable for:

-

PTP, long distance

PMP solutions in rural communities
Where interference can be controlled within geography such as large
enterprise campuses
Cost the major factor
Ownership of equipment is an option

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PHY & MAC Layers
. PHY Layer

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. MAC Layer

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WiMAX vs. Other Broadband Technologies
. WiMAX vs. UMTS
- WiMAX, a direct threat to 3G
- Reduced multi path interference due to smart antennas &
Adaptive Antenna System (AAS) employed in WiMAX
- Near Far problem eliminates because of OFDM waveform &
applying an IFT on the signal before transmission
- Lesser spectrum available for UMTS as the no. of users grow
- WiMAX have superior broadband capabilities ( OFDM & large
spectrum availability), distance capabilities (adaptive
modulation) & full QOS (Access Grant Mechanism) to support
voice efficiently
- WiMAX BW: 70 Mbps, Max Bit Rate: 100 Mbps
- 3G BW: 2 Mbps, Max Bit Rate: 2 Mbps

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. WiMAX vs. WiFi

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. WiMAX vs. HSDPA ( High Speed Downlink Packet Access )

HSDPA referred to as 3.5G & an evolution of W-CDMA

Supports a data rate of around 10Mbps ( increased by a factor
of 5 as compared to UMTS). WiMAX supports 70 Mbps
More expensive network build out cost & deployment
scenarios
( like UMTS )as compared to WiMAX
In the early stages, HSDPA will be about mobility & WiMAX
about Fixed broadband wireless access
As the WiMAX mobility improves, HSDPA competitiveness will
continue to decrease
Technical benefits of WiMAX over HSDPA are further reach,
higher data rates, robust QOS & flexible channel bandwidth

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. WiMAX vs. DSL

Both DSL (wired) & WiMAX (wireless) are broadband

WiMAX can simultaneously support hundreds of houses with
DSL speed connectivity
Wired DSL infrastructure much more expensive than WiMAX
DSL availability limited due to the distance between the end
user & the switching centre
Deployment of DSL in remote areas result in huge expenses as
the no. of users is low
WiMAX is the most attractive solution for deployment in remote
areas

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Proposed Solutions and Scenarios
Three major Capital Expense Items (CAPEX) in the end to end network
Customer Premise Equipment (CPE)
Base Station (BS) Infrastructure
Edge, Core & Central Office Equipment

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Urban Business Case Deployment Scenarios
Market Segment : Residential + Market
Household density : 10,000 HH per Sq Km
Business Density : 1000 businesses per Sq Km
Coverage Area : 136 Sq Km
Expected Market Penetration : 3.5 % (Approx)
Base Stations : 48 WiMAX BSs with an average 1.8 Km spacing
Network Build Out : 4 years (12 BSs per year)
Edge, Core & Central Office : $1,000 K
Business CPEs: $500 in 2005 with 10 % expected erosion per year

Scenario 1 : Shared WiMAX CPE

4 Channel BS at $103K, WiMAX equipment at $28K, Backhaul at $25K
Civil works etc at $50K
CPE Outdoor Unit : $500 in 2005 with 10 % percent erosion expected per year
IAD of 24 ports for $2000
CPE Installation : $200 per building, Expected customers per building = 12
Own DSL modems

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Scenario 2 : 1 CPE per HH, Mixed Indoor & Outdoor CPEs

BS : 6 Channel BS at $117K
WiMAX Equipment at $42K
Backhaul at $25K
Civil Works at $50K
Operator Installed Outdoor CPE : $350 in 2005 with 20 % expected erosion
Expected Penetration : 36 % of households
Self Installable Indoor CPE : $240 in 2005 with 30 % expected erosion
Expected Penetration : 64 % of households

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Suburban Business Case Deployment Scenarios
Market Segment : Residential + Business
HH Density : 2,000 HH per Sq Km
Business Density : 100 businesses per Sq Km
Expected Market Penetration : 4 % (Approx)
Coverage Area : 212 Sq Km
BSs: 24 BSs at an average spacing of 3.2 Km
Network Build out : 2 years (12 BSs per year)
Edge, Core & Central Office : $300K to extend MAN and add capacity
3 Channel BS at $71K, WiMAX equipment at $21K, Backhaul at $15K
Civil Works : $35K
Business CPEs : $500 in 2005 with 10 % expected erosion per year
Outdoor Residential CPEs : $350 in 2005 with 20 % expected erosion per year

Scenario 1
100 % CPEs provided by the operators
1 or 2 years service contract
Reduced cost for the customers

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Scenario 2
50 % CPEs purchased by the end customers
Reduction of 20 % in the monthly service fee
Expected Rates:
- Internet Service : $12 / month
- VoIP Service : $4 / month

Rural Business Case Deployment Scenarios

Market Segment : Residential Only
HH Density : 300 HH per Sq Km
Coverage Area : 50 Sq Km
BSs: 1 BS covers approx. 70 Sq Km
Market Penetration & Adoption Rate : Adopters growing to 3.3 % in 2 years
with market penetration in 10 years
Edge, Core & Central Office : $0K
3 Channel BS at $71K, WiMAX equipment at $21K, Backhaul at $15K
Civil Works at $35K
Residential CPEs: Indoor or Outdoor must be purchased by the end customers

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BS CAPEX Cost per Subscriber : $142
10 % CPEs can be indoor type
Results in reduction of about 8 % in channel capacity
Capable of supporting 500 residential customers

Scenario 1
Operator offers no rebate
300 customers in 2 years

Scenario 2
Operator offers $50 CPE rebate over first 2 years
350 customers in 2 years

Scenario 3
Operator offers $100 CPE rebate over first two years
400 customers in 2 years
- Acceleration in initial adoption rate
- Reduced payback period for the operator

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Market Analysis & Trends
Demand in the broadband wireless access continues to drive BWA Market
50 % equipments support
802.16 by 2008
5 % served by optical fibres
WiMAX for 10 % of the cost
instead of T1
Reduced cost of hotspots

China the most lucrative market

3.5 GHz band utilization

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Fixed Market Trends
785,000 CPEs and 40,000 BS sectors were shipped in 2004
Alvarion, the market leader with 26 % shares
$37 million public sector representation for BWA/WiMAX in 2004
1 million wireless subscribers

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Market Forecasts
15 million BWA subscribers by 2010
9 million Fixed WiMAX subscribers by 2010

1 billion dollar mark for BWA in 2007

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WiMAX is a Road to Standardization

& has
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