Matakuliah : H0122 / Dasar Telekomunikasi

Tahun : 2008

Sistem Komunikasi Satelit

Pertemuan 9

Learning Outcomes

Mahasiswa dapat mendemonstrasikan

kelebihan dan kerugian sistem satelit
serta aplikasi satelit untuk navigasi.

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Outline Materi

Pengertian sistem satelit

Komponen Sistem
Orbit Satelit
Aplikasi Sistem Komunikasi
Satelit
GPS

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Satellite Systems

Inter Satellite
Link (ISL)

Mobile
User Link
(MUL)

Gateway
Link (GWL)

MUL
GWL

small cells
(spotbeams)

base
station
or
gateway

footprin
t
Data Network
PSTN: Public Switched
Telephone Network
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PSTN

GSM

User data

Satellite Communication
Satellites are launched and orbited for a variety
of purposes but the most common application is
communication.
Two Stations on Earth want to communicate but
are too far away to use conventional means,
they can use a satellite as a relay station.
Communication satellites are not originators of
information but are relay stations for earth
sources.
The transmitting station sends the information
to the satellite (uplink), which in turn
retransmits it to the receiving station
(downlink).
The signal converter is called transponder.
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Classification

Coverage area
Global, regional, national
Service type
Fixed service satellite (FSS)
Broadcast service satellite (BSS)
Mobile service satellite (MSS)
General usage
Commercial, military, amateur,
experimental

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Orbits
Satellite orbits:
Equatorial-orbit satellite
Inclined-orbit satellite
Polar-orbit satellite
Footprint
The signal satellite from a satellite is aimed at a
specific area

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Categories

Satellite categories
GEO (Geosynchronous Earth
Orbit)
MEO (Medium-Earth Orbit)
LEO (Low-earth orbit)

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Satellite Orbit
Altitudes

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Satellite Communications

Early satellite communications use C band in the

range 3.7-4.2 GHz
Could interfere with terrestrial communications
Beamwidth is narrower with higher frequencies
Recent communications make greater use of Ku
band
Ka band is now being used.

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Frequency Bands

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Band
designation

Normal frequency
range (GHz)

L
S
C
X
Ku
K
Ka
V
W
millimeter
(mm)

12
24
48
8 12
12 18
18 27
27 40
40 75
75 110
100 - 300

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GEO Orbit
Originally proposed by Arthur C. Clarke.
Circular orbits above the equator, angular
separation about 2 degrees - allows 180 satellites.
Orbital height above the earth about 36000km.
Round trip time to satellite about 0.25 seconds.
Requires more power for communications.
SNR is worse because of the distances involved
A few GEOs can cover most of the surface of the
earth; polar regions cannot be seen by GEO.
Since they appear stationary, GEOs do not require
tracking.
GEOs are good for broadcasting to wide areas.

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Satellite Relay Link

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Transponder

An earth station transmits information to

the satellite.
The satellite contains a receiver that picks
up the transmitted signal, amplifies it, and
translates it on another frequency.
The signal on the new frequency is then
retransmitted to the receiving stations back
on earth.
The transmitter-receiver combination in the
satellite is known as a transponder.

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Ground Stations

The ground station, or earth station, is the

terrestrial base of the system.
The ground station communicates with the
satellite to carry out the designated mission.
The earth station consists of five major
subsystems:
The antenna subsystem
The receive subsystem
The transmit subsystem
The ground control equipment (GCE) subsystem
Power subsystem

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GPS

Global Positioning Satellite (GPS)

Altitude about 18.000 km
Based on a triangulation principle
Uses 24 satellite in six orbits
Use in military forces

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Summary

Telah dipelajari kategori satelit.

Telah dipelajari aplikasi satelit komunikasi.
Telah dipelajari subsistem satelit komunikasi.

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